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موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Malik (Yahya)
كتاب البيوعBook: On the Rulings of Buying and Selling
بَابُ بَيْعِ الذَّهَبِ بِالْفِضَّةِ تِبْرًا وَعَيْنًاChapter on Sale of Gold for Silver
Hadith 1339
اُردوEn
وَحَدَّثَنِي، عَنْ مَالِك، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ سَعِيدَ بْنَ الْمُسَيَّبِ ، يَقُولُ : " قَطْعُ الذَّهَبِ وَالْوَرِقِ مِنَ الْفَسَادِ فِي الْأَرْضِ " .
It is narrated from Yahya bin Saeed that Saeed bin Musayyib used to say: Cutting a silver coin or a gold dinar is like causing corruption in the land.
قَالَ مَالِك : وَلَا بَأْسَ أَنْ يَشْتَرِيَ الرَّجُلُ الذَّهَبَ بِالْفِضَّةِ، وَالْفِضَّةَ بِالذَّهَبِ جِزَافًا إِذَا كَانَ تِبْرًا أَوْ حَلْيًا قَدْ صِيغَ، فَأَمَّا الدَّرَاهِمُ الْمَعْدُودَةُ وَالدَّنَانِيرُ الْمَعْدُودَةُ فَلَا يَنْبَغِي لِأَحَدٍ أَنْ يَشْتَرِيَ شَيْئًا مِنْ ذَلِكَ جِزَافًا حَتَّى يُعْلَمَ وَيُعَدَّ، فَإِنِ اشْتُرِيَ ذَلِكَ جِزَافًا فَإِنَّمَا يُرَادُ بِهِ الْغَرَرُ حِينَ يُتْرَكُ عَدُّهُ وَيُشْتَرَى جِزَافًا، وَلَيْسَ هَذَا مِنْ بُيُوعِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ، فَأَمَّا مَا كَانَ يُوزَنُ مِنَ التِّبْرِ وَالْحَلْيِ، فَلَا بَأْسَ أَنْ يُبَاعَ ذَلِكَ جِزَافًا، وَإِنَّمَا ابْتِيَاعُ ذَلِكَ جِزَافًا كَهَيْئَةِ الْحِنْطَةِ وَالتَّمْرِ وَنَحْوِهِمَا مِنَ الْأَطْعِمَةِ الَّتِي تُبَاعُ جِزَافًا وَمِثْلُهَا يُكَالُ، فَلَيْسَ بِابْتِيَاعِ ذَلِكَ جِزَافًا بَأْسٌ .
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that if gold is bought in exchange for silver or silver in exchange for gold in heaps, there is no objection, whether they are ingots or jewelry. However, buying rupees for ashrafis without counting is not permissible; rather, there is deception in it, and it is against the custom of the Muslims. But buying gold or silver ingots or jewelry that are sold by weight, to purchase them by estimation, just as wheat or dates, etc., are bought, is not objectionable.
قَالَ مَالِك : مَنِ اشْتَرَى مُصْحَفًا أَوْ سَيْفًا أَوْ خَاتَمًا وَفِي شَيْءٍ مِنْ ذَلِكَ ذَهَبٌ أَوْ فِضَّةٌ بِدَنَانِيرَ أَوْ دَرَاهِمَ، فَإِنَّ مَا اشْتُرِيَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ وَفِيهِ الذَّهَبُ بِدَنَانِيرَ فَإِنَّهُ يُنْظَرُ إِلَى قِيمَتِهِ، فَإِنْ كَانَتْ قِيمَةُ ذَلِكَ الثُّلُثَيْنِ وَقِيمَةُ مَا فِيهِ مِنَ الذَّهَبِ الثُّلُثَ، فَذَلِكَ جَائِزٌ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ إِذَا كَانَ ذَلِكَ يَدًا بِيَدٍ وَلَا يَكُونُ فِيهِ تَأْخِيرٌ، وَمَا اشْتُرِيَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ بِالْوَرِقِ مِمَّا فِيهِ الْوَرِقُ نُظِرَ إِلَى قِيمَتِهِ، فَإِنْ كَانَ قِيمَةُ ذَلِكَ الثُّلُثَيْنِ وَقِيمَةُ مَا فِيهِ مِنَ الْوَرِقِ الثُّلُثَ، فَذَلِكَ جَائِزٌ لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ إِذَا كَانَ ذَلِكَ يَدًا بِيَدٍ، وَلَمْ يَزَلْ ذَلِكَ مِنْ أَمْرِ النَّاسِ عِنْدَنَا
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that if a person buys the Noble Qur'an, or a sword, or a ring in which there is gold or silver, in exchange for rupees or gold coins, then it should be seen: if there is gold attached to these things and it is bought in exchange for gold coins, and the price of that item is not less than two-thirds, and the value of the gold attached to it is not more than one-third, then it is permissible as long as it is a cash-for-cash transaction. Similarly, if there is silver attached and it is bought in exchange for rupees, then the same ruling applies.
