موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Imam Malik (Riwayat Yahya)
كتاب البيوعBook: On the Rulings of Buying and Selling
بَابُ مَا يَجُوزُ فِي اسْتِثْنَاءِ الثَّمَرِChapter on What is Permissible in Excluding Some Fruits from Sale
Hadith 1322
وَحَدَّثَنِي، عَنْ مَالِك، عَنْ أَبِي الرِّجَالِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ حَارِثَةَ ، أَنَّ أُمَّهُ عَمْرَةَ بِنْتَ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ كَانَتْ " تَبِيعُ ثِمَارَهَا وَتَسْتَثْنِي مِنْهَا " . قَالَ مَالِك : الْأَمْرُ الْمُجْتَمَعُ عَلَيْهِ عِنْدَنَا : أَنَّ الرَّجُلَ إِذَا بَاعَ ثَمَرَ حَائِطِهِ أَنَّ لَهُ أَنْ يَسْتَثْنِيَ مِنْ ثَمَرِ حَائِطِهِ مَا بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ ثُلُثِ الثَّمَرِ لَا يُجَاوِزُ ذَلِكَ، وَمَا كَانَ دُونَ الثُّلُثِ فَلَا بَأْسَ بِذَلِكَ . قَالَ مَالِك : فَأَمَّا الرَّجُلُ يَبِيعُ ثَمَرَ حَائِطِهِ وَيَسْتَثْنِي مِنْ ثَمَرِ حَائِطِهِ ثَمَرَ نَخْلَةٍ أَوْ نَخَلَاتٍ يَخْتَارُهَا وَيُسَمِّي عَدَدَهَا، فَلَا أَرَى بِذَلِكَ بَأْسًا، لِأَنَّ رَبَّ الْحَائِطِ إِنَّمَا اسْتَثْنَى شَيْئًا مِنْ ثَمَرِ حَائِطِ نَفْسِهِ، وَإِنَّمَا ذَلِكَ شَيْءٌ احْتَبَسَهُ مِنْ حَائِطِهِ وَأَمْسَكَهُ لَمْ يَبِعْهُ، وَبَاعَ مِنْ حَائِطِهِ مَا سِوَى ذَلِكَ
Hazrat Amrah bint Abdur Rahman used to sell her fruits and would set aside some from them.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that according to us, it is agreed upon that if a person sells the fruit of his garden, he has the option to exempt up to one third of the produce; more than this is not correct. And if someone exempts the fruit of a single tree or certain trees from the entire garden and specifies them, then there is no objection to this either, because it is as if the owner has sold everything except those trees and has not sold them; the owner has the right to do so.
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that according to us, it is agreed upon that if a person sells the fruit of his garden, he has the option to exempt up to one third of the produce; more than this is not correct. And if someone exempts the fruit of a single tree or certain trees from the entire garden and specifies them, then there is no objection to this either, because it is as if the owner has sold everything except those trees and has not sold them; the owner has the right to do so.
