موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Imam Malik (Riwayat Yahya)
كتاب المكاتبBook: On the Explanation of Mukatib (Contracted Slave)
بَابُ جِرَاحِ الْمُكَاتَبِInjuries of the Mukatab (contracted slave)
Hadith 1297Q4
قَالَ مَالِكٌ : وَتَفْسِيرُ ذَلِكَ أَنَّهُ كَأَنَّهُ كَاتَبَهُ عَلَى ثَلَاثَةِ آلَافِ دِرْهَمٍ، وَكَانَ دِيَةُ جَرْحِهِ الَّذِي أَخَذَ سَيِّدُهُ أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ، فَإِذَا أَدَّى الْمُكَاتَبُ إِلَى سَيِّدِهِ أَلْفَيْ دِرْهَمٍ فَهُوَ حُرٌّ، وَإِنْ كَانَ الَّذِي بَقِيَ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ كِتَابَتِهِ أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ وَكَانَ الَّذِي أَخَذَ مِنْ دِيَةِ جَرْحِهِ أَلْفَ دِرْهَمٍ، فَقَدْ عَتَقَ، وَإِنْ كَانَ عَقْلُ جُرْحِهِ أَكْثَرَ مِمَّا بَقِيَ عَلَى الْمُكَاتَبِ، أَخَذَ سَيِّدُ الْمُكَاتَبِ مَا بَقِيَ مِنْ كِتَابَتِهِ وَعَتَقَ، وَكَانَ مَا فَضَلَ بَعْدَ أَدَاءِ كِتَابَتِهِ لِلْمُكَاتَبِ، وَلَا يَنْبَغِي أَنْ يُدْفَعَ إِلَى الْمُكَاتَبِ شَيْءٌ مِنْ دِيَةِ جُرْحِهِ فَيَأْكُلَهُ وَيَسْتَهْلِكَهُ، فَإِنْ عَجَزَ رَجَعَ إِلَى سَيِّدِهِ أَعْوَرَ أَوْ مَقْطُوعَ الْيَدِ أَوْ مَعْضُوبَ الْجَسَدِ، وَإِنَّمَا كَاتَبَهُ سَيِّدُهُ عَلَى مَالِهِ وَكَسْبِهِ، وَلَمْ يُكَاتِبْهُ عَلَى أَنْ يَأْخُذَ ثَمَنَ وَلَدِهِ وَلَا مَا أُصِيبَ مِنْ عَقْلِ جَسَدِهِ فَيَأْكُلَهُ وَيَسْتَهْلِكَهُ، وَلَكِنْ عَقْلُ جِرَاحَاتِ الْمُكَاتَبِ وَوَلَدِهِ الَّذِينَ وُلِدُوا فِي كِتَابَتِهِ أَوْ كَاتَبَ عَلَيْهِمْ يُدْفَعُ إِلَى سَيِّدِهِ، وَيُحْسَبُ ذَلِكَ لَهُ فِي آخِرِ كِتَابَتِهِ . ¤
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that its explanation is as follows: If a person makes his slaves mukatab for three thousand dirhams, and receives one thousand dirhams as blood money for his wound, then now when the mukatab pays two thousand dirhams, he will be freed. If only one thousand dirhams remained due for the contract of manumission when the master received one thousand dirhams as blood money, then he will be freed. And if the master receives more dirhams as blood money than the amount remaining, then the master will take only the amount that was due and return the rest to the mukatab, and the mukatab will be freed. It is not correct that the blood money of the mukatab be handed over to him so that he may consume it and settle the account, and then if he becomes incapable, he comes back to his master crippled, lame, or disabled, because the master had given him authority over his wealth and earnings, not over the price of his children or his own blood money so that he may consume it and settle the account. Rather, the blood money of the mukatab and the blood money of his children who were born during the contract of manumission, or upon whom the contract was made, will be given to the master, and it will be counted towards the contract of manumission.
