موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Imam Malik (Riwayat Yahya)
كتاب المكاتبBook: On the Explanation of Mukatib (Contracted Slave)
بَابُ الْقِطَاعَةِ فِي الْكِتَابَةِChapter on deduction in the contract of writing (kitabah)
Hadith 1296B4
قَالَ مَالِك : وَتَفْسِيرُ ذَلِكَ : أَنَّ الْعَبْدَ يَكُونُ بَيْنَهُمَا شَطْرَيْنِ فَيُكَاتِبَانِهِ جَمِيعًا، ثُمَّ يُقَاطِعُ أَحَدُهُمَا الْمُكَاتَبَ عَلَى نِصْفِ حَقِّهِ بِإِذْنِ صَاحِبِهِ، وَذَلِكَ الرُّبُعُ مِنْ جَمِيعِ الْعَبْدِ ثُمَّ يَعْجِزُ الْمُكَاتَبُ، فَيُقَالُ لِلَّذِي قَاطَعَهُ : إِنْ شِئْتَ فَارْدُدْ عَلَى صَاحِبِكَ نِصْفَ مَا فَضَلْتَهُ بِهِ، وَيَكُونُ الْعَبْدُ بَيْنَكُمَا شَطْرَيْنِ، وَإِنْ أَبَى، كَانَ لِلَّذِي تَمَسَّكَ بِالْكِتَابَةِ رُبُعُ صَاحِبِهِ الَّذِي قَاطَعَ الْمُكَاتَبَ عَلَيْهِ خَالِصًا وَكَانَ لَهُ نِصْفُ الْعَبْدِ، فَذَلِكَ ثَلَاثَةُ أَرْبَاعِ الْعَبْدِ، وَكَانَ لِلَّذِي قَاطَعَ رُبُعُ الْعَبْدِ لِأَنَّهُ أَبَى أَنْ يَرُدَّ ثَمَنَ رُبُعِهِ الَّذِي قَاطَعَ عَلَيْهِ .
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that its explanation is as follows: For example, a slave is jointly owned by two people, and both together make him a mukatab (contracted for manumission). Then one partner settles his half share with the slave, that is, for a quarter of the whole slave. After this, if the mukatab becomes unable (to pay), it will be said to the one who settled that you should return half of what you took extra to your partner and keep half partnership in the slave. If he refuses, then the quarter share of the slave belonging to the one who settled will also go to this partner. In this case, the partner will have three-quarters and the other will have one-quarter.
