موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Imam Malik (Riwayat Yahya)
كتاب المكاتبBook: On the Explanation of Mukatib (Contracted Slave)
بَابُ الْقَضَاءِ فِي الْمُكَاتَبِChapter on legal rulings regarding the mukatab (contracted slave)
Hadith 1295B14
قَالَ مَالِك: يَتَحَاصَّانِ مَا تَرَكَ بِقَدْرِ مَا بَقِيَ لَهُمَا عَلَيْهِ، يَأْخُذُ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا بِقَدْرِ حِصَّتِهِ، فَإِنْ تَرَكَ الْمُكَاتَبُ فَضْلًا عَنْ كِتَابَتِهِ، أَخَذَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا مَا بَقِيَ مِنَ الْكِتَابَةِ، وَكَانَ مَا بَقِيَ بَيْنَهُمَا بِالسَّوَاءِ، فَإِنْ عَجَزَ الْمُكَاتَبُ وَقَدِ اقْتَضَى الَّذِي لَمْ يُنْظِرْهُ أَكْثَرَ مِمَّا اقْتَضَى صَاحِبُهُ، كَانَ الْعَبْدُ بَيْنَهُمَا نِصْفَيْنِ وَلَا يَرُدُّ عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ فَضْلَ مَا اقْتَضَى، لِأَنَّهُ إِنَّمَا اقْتَضَى الَّذِي لَهُ بِإِذْنِ صَاحِبِهِ، وَإِنْ وَضَعَ عَنْهُ أَحَدُهُمَا الَّذِي لَهُ ثُمَّ اقْتَضَى صَاحِبُهُ بَعْضَ الَّذِي لَهُ عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ عَجَزَ، فَهُوَ بَيْنَهُمَا وَلَا يَرُدُّ الَّذِي اقْتَضَى عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ شَيْئًا، لِأَنَّهُ إِنَّمَا اقْتَضَى الَّذِي لَهُ عَلَيْهِ، وَذَلِكَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الدَّيْنِ لِلرَّجُلَيْنِ بِكِتَابٍ وَاحِدٍ عَلَى رَجُلٍ وَاحِدٍ، فَيُنْظِرُهُ أَحَدُهُمَا وَيَشِحُّ الْآخَرُ، فَيَقْتَضِي بَعْضَ حَقِّهِ ثُمَّ يُفْلِسُ الْغَرِيمُ، فَلَيْسَ عَلَى الَّذِي اقْتَضَى أَنْ يَرُدَّ شَيْئًا مِمَّا أَخَذَ .¤
And whoever has taken more will not return anything to his partner, because he took it with his partner’s permission. If one of them had forgiven his share and the other had received something, then if the slave becomes incapable, the slave will remain shared between both, and the one who received something will not give anything to the other partner, because he has received his right. Its example is that two men have a debt upon one man by the same document, then one of them grants him respite and the other, out of eagerness, collects something, and afterwards the debtor becomes insolvent. Then the one who collected will not give anything from it to the other partner.
