موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Imam Malik (Riwayat Yahya)
كتاب المكاتبBook: On the Explanation of Mukatib (Contracted Slave)
بَابُ الْقَضَاءِ فِي الْمُكَاتَبِChapter on legal rulings regarding the mukatab (contracted slave)
Hadith 1295B11
قَالَ مَالِك: الْأَمْرُ الْمُجْتَمَعُ عَلَيْهِ عِنْدَنَا فِي الْعَبْدِ يَكُونُ بَيْنَ الرَّجُلَيْنِ: إِنَّ أَحَدَهُمَا لَا يُكَاتِبُ نَصِيبَهُ مِنْهُ أَذِنَ لَهُ بِذَلِكَ صَاحِبُهُ أَوْ لَمْ يَأْذَنْ، إِلَّا أَنْ يُكَاتِبَاهُ جَمِيعًا، لِأَنَّ ذَلِكَ يَعْقِدُ لَهُ عِتْقًا وَيَصِيرُ إِذَا أَدَّى الْعَبْدُ مَا كُوتِبَ عَلَيْهِ إِلَى أَنْ يَعْتِقَ نِصْفُهُ، وَلَا يَكُونُ عَلَى الَّذِي كَاتَبَ بَعْضَهُ أَنْ يَسْتَتِمَّ عِتْقَهُ، فَذَلِكَ خِلَافُ مَا قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: " مَنْ أَعْتَقَ شِرْكًا لَهُ فِي عَبْدٍ قُوِّمَ عَلَيْهِ قِيمَةَ الْعَدْلِ " .¤
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: In our view, it is unanimously agreed that a slave who is jointly owned by two people cannot be made a mukatab (contracted for manumission) by only one of them, even if the other partner gives permission. Rather, both partners together can make him a mukatab, because if one partner makes his share a mukatab and the mukatab pays the amount for the contract, then that portion would have to be set free. Now, the partner who has set free a portion is not obliged to guarantee the freedom of the remaining portion to the other partner, because the ruling of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, regarding paying the price of the other partner’s share applies to emancipation (it‘aq), not to mukatabah (contract of manumission).
