موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Imam Malik (Riwayat Yahya)
كتاب العتق والولاءBook: On the Explanation of Emancipation and Allegiance
بَابُ مِيرَاثِ السَّائِبَةِ وَوَلَاءِ مَنْ أَعْتَقَ الْيَهُودِيَّ وَالنَّصْرَانِيَّChapter on Inheritance of a Freed Slave and Loyalty of One Who Freed a Jew or Christian
Hadith 1292B1
قَالَ مَالِك : إِنَّ أَحْسَنَ مَا سُمِعَ فِي السَّائِبَةِ، أَنَّهُ لَا يُوَالِي أَحَدًا، وَأَنَّ مِيرَاثَهُ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ وَعَقْلَهُ عَلَيْهِمْ . قَالَ مَالِك، فِي الْيَهُودِيِّ وَالنَّصْرَانِيِّ يُسْلِمُ عَبْدُ أَحَدِهِمَا فَيُعْتِقُهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُبَاعَ عَلَيْهِ : إِنَّ وَلَاءَ الْعَبْدِ الْمُعْتَقِ لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ، وَإِنْ أَسْلَمَ الْيَهُودِيُّ أَوِ النَّصْرَانِيُّ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ لَمْ يَرْجِعْ إِلَيْهِ الْوَلَاءُ أَبَدًا . قَالَ : وَلَكِنْ إِذَا أَعْتَقَ الْيَهُودِيُّ أَوِ النَّصْرَانِيُّ عَبْدًا عَلَى دِينِهِمَا، ثُمَّ أَسْلَمَ الْمُعْتَقُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُسْلِمَ الْيَهُودِيُّ أَوِ النَّصْرَانِيُّ الَّذِي أَعْتَقَهُ، ثُمَّ أَسْلَمَ الَّذِي أَعْتَقَهُ رَجَعَ إِلَيْهِ الْوَلَاءُ، لِأَنَّهُ قَدْ كَانَ ثَبَتَ لَهُ الْوَلَاءُ يَوْمَ أَعْتَقَهُ .
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: In my view, a Saibah should not contract a bond of wala’ (alliance) with anyone, and her inheritance will go to the Muslims, and they will also pay her blood money. Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: If the slave of a Jew or Christian becomes Muslim, and then his master sets him free, his wala’ will go to the Muslims. If after that, the Jew or Christian also becomes Muslim, the wala’ will not revert to him. However, if a Jew or Christian sets his slave free, and then the slave becomes Muslim, and after that his master also becomes Muslim, then the wala’ will go to him, because on the day of emancipation, he was entitled to the wala’.
