موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Imam Malik (Riwayat Yahya)
كتاب العتق والولاءBook: On the Explanation of Emancipation and Allegiance
بَابُ جَرِّ الْعَبْدِ الْوَلَاءَ إِذَا أُعْتِقَChapter on Inheritance of Loyalty for a Freed Slave
Hadith 1288B4
. قَالَ مَالِك، فِي الْأَمَةِ تُعْتَقُ وَهِيَ حَامِلٌ وَزَوْجُهَا مَمْلُوكٌ، ثُمَّ يَعْتِقُ زَوْجُهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ تَضَعَ حَمْلَهَا أَوْ بَعْدَمَا تَضَعُ : إِنَّ وَلَاءَ مَا كَانَ فِي بَطْنِهَا لِلَّذِي أَعْتَقَ أُمَّهُ، لِأَنَّ ذَلِكَ الْوَلَدَ قَدْ كَانَ أَصَابَهُ الرِّقُّ قَبْلَ أَنْ تُعْتَقَ أُمُّهُ، وَلَيْسَ هُوَ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الَّذِي تَحْمِلُ بِهِ أُمُّهُ بَعْدَ الْعَتَاقَةِ، لِأَنَّ الَّذِي تَحْمِلُ بِهِ أُمُّهُ بَعْدَ الْعَتَاقَةِ إِذَا عَتَقَ أَبُوهُ جَرَّ وَلَاءَهُ .
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that if a pregnant slave woman is set free and her husband is a slave, then the husband is also set free either before or after she gives birth, the wala' (right of inheritance) of the child will go to the mawla (patron) of the mother, because this child became her slave before her emancipation. However, any pregnancy that occurs to this woman after her emancipation, its wala' will go to the father when he is set free. Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: If a slave, with the permission of his mawla, sets his own slave free, then the wala' will go to the mawla, not to the slave, even if he is set free.
