موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Imam Malik (Riwayat Yahya)
كتاب العتق والولاءBook: On the Explanation of Emancipation and Allegiance
بَابُ مَصِيرِ الْوَلَاءِ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَTransfer of Wala' (allegiance) to the emancipator
Hadith 1283
حَدَّثَنِي مَالِك، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ : جَاءَتْ بَرِيرَةُ، فَقَالَتْ : إِنِّي كَاتَبْتُ أَهْلِي عَلَى تِسْعِ أَوَاقٍ فِي كُلِّ عَامٍ أُوقِيَّةٌ، فَأَعِينِينِي . فَقَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ : إِنْ أَحَبَّ أَهْلُكِ أَنْ أَعُدَّهَا لَهُمْ عَنْكِ عَدَدْتُهَا، وَيَكُونَ لِي وَلَاؤُكِ، فَعَلْتُ . فَذَهَبَتْ بَرِيرَةُ إِلَى أَهْلِهَا، فَقَالَتْ لَهُمْ ذَلِكَ، فَأَبَوْا عَلَيْهَا، فَجَاءَتْ مِنْ عِنْدِ أَهْلِهَا وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ جَالِسٌ، فَقَالَتْ لِعَائِشَةَ : إِنِّي قَدْ عَرَضْتُ عَلَيْهِمْ ذَلِكَ، فَأَبَوْا عَلَيَّ إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ الْوَلَاءُ لَهُمْ، فَسَمِعَ ذَلِكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَسَأَلَهَا، فَأَخْبَرَتْهُ عَائِشَةُ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " خُذِيهَا وَاشْتَرِطِي لَهُمُ الْوَلَاءَ، فَإِنَّمَا الْوَلَاءُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ " . فَفَعَلَتْ عَائِشَةُ، ثُمَّ قَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي النَّاسِ، فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : أَمَّا بَعْدُ " فَمَا بَالُ رِجَالٍ يَشْتَرِطُونَ شُرُوطًا لَيْسَتْ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ، مَا كَانَ مِنْ شَرْطٍ لَيْسَ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ فَهُوَ بَاطِلٌ، وَإِنْ كَانَ مِائَةَ شَرْطٍ، قَضَاءُ اللَّهِ أَحَقُّ، وَشَرْطُ اللَّهِ أَوْثَقُ، وَإِنَّمَا الْوَلَاءُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ "
Barirah came to Lady Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, and said: My people have made a contract of emancipation with me for nine awqiyah, one awqiyah each year, so help me. Lady Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, said: If your people agree, I will pay all at once, but I will take your wala (right of allegiance). Barirah went to her people, told them, and they refused to give the wala. Then Barirah returned to Lady Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, and the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, was also sitting there, and she said: I told my people, but they refuse and say the wala will be ours. When the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, heard this, he asked: "What is the matter?" Lady Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, narrated the whole story. He, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "Take Barirah and make the condition of wala for them, for the wala belongs to the one who sets free." Lady Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, did so. After that, the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, went out among the people, praised Allah the Exalted, then said: "What is the matter with people who stipulate conditions that are not in the Book of Allah? Any condition that is not in the Book of Allah is invalid, even if it is stipulated a hundred times. Allah's command is true and His condition is firm. The wala belongs to the one who sets free."
