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موطا امام مالك رواية يحييٰ
Muwatta Malik (Yahya)
كتاب الطلاقBook: On the Explanation of Divorce
بَابُ مَا جَاءَ فِي اللِّعَانِChapter on What is Reported Regarding Li'an (Mutual Cursing)
Hadith 1170
اُردوEn
وَحَدَّثَنِي، عَنْ مَالِك، عَنْ نَافِعٍ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ : " أَنَّ رَجُلًا لَاعَنَ امْرَأَتَهُ فِي زَمَانِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَانْتَفَلَ مِنْ وَلَدِهَا، فَفَرَّقَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَيْنَهُمَا، وَأَلْحَقَ الْوَلَدَ بِالْمَرْأَةِ " .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar, may Allah be pleased with them both, that a man performed li'an with his wife during the time of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, and he said about the boy that he was not his. So the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, separated the two and handed the boy over to the mother.
قَالَ مَالِكٌ : قَالَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى : «وَالَّذِينَ يَرْمُونَ أَزْوَاجَهُمْ وَلَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُمْ شُهَدَاءُ إِلا أَنْفُسُهُمْ فَشَهَادَةُ أَحَدِهِمْ أَرْبَعُ شَهَادَاتٍ بِاللَّهِ إِنَّهُ لَمِنَ الصَّادِقِينَ »(24-النور:6) «وَالْخَامِسَةُ أَنَّ لَعْنَةَ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ إِنْ كَانَ مِنَ الْكَاذِبِينَ »(24-النور:7) «وَيَدْرَأُ عَنْهَا الْعَذَابَ أَنْ تَشْهَدَ أَرْبَعَ شَهَادَاتٍ بِاللَّهِ إِنَّهُ لَمِنَ الْكَاذِبِينَ »(24-النور:8) «وَالْخَامِسَةَ أَنَّ غَضَبَ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهَا إِنْ كَانَ مِنَ الصَّادِقِينَ» (24-النور:9).
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that Allah the Exalted said: "And those who accuse their wives and have no witnesses except themselves, then the testimony of such a person is that he should testify four times by Allah that he is surely telling the truth, and the fifth time he should say that the curse of Allah be upon him if he is lying. And the punishment is averted from the woman in this way: that she testifies four times by Allah that he is surely lying, and the fifth time she should say that the wrath of Allah be upon her if he is telling the truth."
قَالَ مَالِكٌ : السُّنَّةُ عِنْدَنَا أَنَّ الْمُتَلَاعِنَيْنِ لَا يَتَنَاكَحَانِ أَبَدًا، وَإِنْ أَكْذَبَ نَفْسَهُ جُلِدَ الْحَدَّ، وَأُلْحِقَ بِهِ الْوَلَدُ وَلَمْ تَرْجِعْ إِلَيْهِ أَبَدًا، وَعَلَى هَذَا السُّنَّةُ عِنْدَنَا الَّتِي لَا شَكَّ فِيهَا، وَلَا اخْتِلَافَ .
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: In our view, the Sunnah is that those who have engaged in li'an can never marry each other again, and if the husband, after li'an, retracts his statement, then the punishment for false accusation (qadhf) will be imposed on him. And the lineage of the child will be attributed to him again. This is the Sunnah that has been passed down among us, in which there is neither any doubt nor disagreement.
قَالَ مَالِكٌ : وَإِذَا فَارَقَ الرَّجُلُ امْرَأَتَهُ فِرَاقًا بَاتًّا لَيْسَ لَهُ عَلَيْهَا فِيهِ رَجْعَةٌ، ثُمَّ أَنْكَرَ حَمْلَهَا، لَاعَنَهَا إِذَا كَانَتْ حَامِلًا، وَكَانَ حَمْلُهَا يُشْبِهُ أَنْ يَكُونَ مِنْهُ إِذَا ادَّعَتْهُ مَا لَمْ يَأْتِ دُونَ ذَلِكَ مِنَ الزَّمَانِ الَّذِي يُشَكُّ فِيهِ، فَلَا يُعْرَفُ أَنَّهُ مِنْهُ۔ ¤ قَالَ : فَهَذَا الْأَمْرُ عِنْدَنَا، وَالَّذِي سَمِعْتُ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ .
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: When a man gives his wife an irrevocable divorce, then denies her pregnancy by saying that it is not his, then li'an will be obligatory, provided that the pregnancy is of such duration that it could be his.
قَالَ مَالِكٌ : وَإِذَا قَذَفَ الرَّجُلُ امْرَأَتَهُ بَعْدَ أَنْ يُطَلِّقَهَا ثَلَاثًا، وَهِيَ حَامِلٌ، يُقِرُّ بِحَمْلِهَا، ثُمَّ يَزْعُمُ أَنَّهُ رَآهَا تَزْنِي قَبْلَ أَنْ يُفَارِقَهَا، جُلِدَ الْحَدَّ وَلَمْ يُلَاعِنْهَا، وَإِنْ أَنْكَرَ حَمْلَهَا بَعْدَ أَنْ يُطَلِّقَهَا ثَلَاثًا لَاعَنَهَا . قَالَ : وَهَذَا الَّذِي سَمِعْتُ .
This is the ruling according to us, and this is what we have heard.
قَالَ مَالِكٌ : وَالْأَمَةُ الْمُسْلِمَةُ وَالْحُرَّةُ النَّصْرَانِيَّةُ وَالْيَهُودِيَّةُ تُلَاعِنُ الْحُرَّ الْمُسْلِمَ إِذَا تَزَوَّجَ إِحْدَاهُنَّ، فَأَصَابَهَا، وَذَلِكَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى يَقُولُ فِي كِتَابِهِ :« وَالَّذِينَ يَرْمُونَ أَزْوَاجَهُمْ » (سورة النور آية 6)، فَهُنَّ مِنَ الْأَزْوَاجِ، وَعَلَى هَذَا الْأَمْرُ عِنْدَنَا .
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that a slave is like a free person in both li'an and qadhf, but whoever accuses a slave-girl of adultery, the hadd of qadhf will not be obligatory upon him.
قَالَ مَالِكٌ : وَالْعَبْدُ إِذَا تَزَوَّجَ الْمَرْأَةَ الْحُرَّةَ الْمُسْلِمَةَ، أَوِ الْأَمَةَ الْمُسْلِمَةَ، أَوِ الْحُرَّةَ النَّصْرَانِيَّةَ أَوِ الْيَهُودِيَّةَ، لَاعَنَهَا .
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: When a Muslim free man marries a Muslim slave woman, a free woman, a Jewish woman, or a Christian woman, and accuses her of adultery, then li'an will be obligatory.
قَالَ مَالِكٌ فِي الرَّجُلِ يُلَاعِنُ امْرَأَتَهُ، فَيَنْزِعُ وَيُكَذِّبُ نَفْسَهُ بَعْدَ يَمِينٍ أَوْ يَمِينَيْنِ، مَا لَمْ يَلْتَعِنْ فِي الْخَامِسَةِ : إِنَّهُ إِذَا نَزَعَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَلْتَعِنَ، جُلِدَ الْحَدَّ، وَلَمْ يُفَرَّقْ بَيْنَهُمَا .
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that if a man performs li'an with his wife, and then after one or two testimonies denies himself, the hadd of qadhf will be applied to him and separation will not occur.
قَالَ مَالِكٌ فِي الرَّجُلِ يُطَلِّقُ امْرَأَتَهُ، فَإِذَا مَضَتِ الثَّلَاثَةُ الْأَشْهُرِ، قَالَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ : أَنَا حَامِلٌ، قَالَ : إِنْ أَنْكَرَ زَوْجُهَا حَمْلَهَا، لَاعَنَهَا .
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: If a man divorces his wife, and after three months the woman says: "I am pregnant," and the husband denies her pregnancy, then li'an will be obligatory.
قَالَ مَالِكٌ فِي الْأَمَةِ الْمَمْلُوكَةِ يُلَاعِنُهَا زَوْجُهَا ثُمَّ يَشْتَرِيهَا : إِنَّهُ لَا يَطَؤُهَا، وَإِنْ مَلَكَهَا، وَذَلِكَ أَنَّ السُّنَّةَ مَضَتْ أَنَّ الْمُتَلَاعِنَيْنِ لَا يَتَرَاجَعَانِ أَبَدًا .
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that if a man performs li'an with his slave woman and then buys her, he should not have intercourse with her, because the established Sunnah is that those who have performed li'an are never joined together.
قَالَ مَالِكٌ : إِذَا لَاعَنَ الرَّجُلُ امْرَأَتَهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا، فَلَيْسَ لَهَا إِلَّا نِصْفُ الصَّدَاقِ
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said that if a husband performs li'an with his wife before consummation, then the woman will receive half the dowry.
قَالَ مَالِكٌ : وَالْعَبْدُ بِمَنْزِلَةِ الْحُرِّ فِي قَذْفِهِ وَلِعَانِهِ، يَجْرِي مَجْرَى الْحُرِّ فِي مُلَاعَنَتِهِ، غَيْرَ أَنَّهُ لَيْسَ عَلَى مَنْ قَذَفَ مَمْلُوكَةً حَدٌّ .
Imam Malik, may Allah have mercy on him, said: If a man gives his wife three divorces and she admits to being pregnant, and after that he accuses her of adultery, then the punishment of false accusation (hadd al-qadhf) will be imposed on the husband and li'an will not be obligatory for him. However, if after the divorce he denies her pregnancy, then li'an is obligatory. This is what I have heard.
