Muwatta Imam Malik (Riwayat Ibn al-Qasim)

It is narrated from Sayyiduna Abu Qatadah bin Rabi’i (may Allah be pleased with him) that we went with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) in the year of Hunayn. When we faced (the disbelievers), there was chaos among the Muslims. I saw a man from among the polytheists who had knocked down a Muslim, so I came from behind and struck his shoulder with my sword until I cut through his armor. Then he turned towards me and grabbed me tightly until I smelled the scent of death, meaning I feared I would die. Then he died and let me go. I met Sayyiduna Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) and said: What has happened to the people? He said: It is the command of Allah. Then the people returned, and the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “Whoever has killed someone (an unbeliever) and has proof of it, then the belongings of the slain will belong to him.” So I stood up and said: Who will testify for me? Then I sat down. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said a second time: Whoever has killed someone and has proof of it, then his belongings will belong to him. So I stood up and said: Who will testify for me? Then I sat down. Then the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said it a third time, so I stood up. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “O Abu Qatadah! What is the matter?” So I told the whole story to the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). One of the people said: O Messenger of Allah! He has spoken the truth, and the belongings of the slain are with me. O Messenger of Allah! Please satisfy him so that he gives me the belongings. Then Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Never! By Allah, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) will not make such a decision that one of the lions of Allah fights for Allah and His Messenger, and you get the belongings of the slain? The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: “He (Abu Bakr as-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him) has spoken the truth. Give the belongings of the slain (to Abu Qatadah).” Abu Qatadah (may Allah be pleased with him) said: He gave me the belongings, so I sold the armor and bought a garden in Banu Salamah. This was the first wealth of war booty that became my property in Islam.

And with this same chain of narration, it is narrated from (Sayyiduna Ibn Umar, may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, sent a detachment (of fighters) towards Najd in which Abdullah bin Umar, may Allah be pleased with them both, was also included. Then they received many camels as spoils of war, so each man received twelve or eleven camels as his share, and then each one was given one additional camel.