موطا امام مالك رواية ابن القاسم
Muwatta Imam Malik (Riwayat Ibn al-Qasim)
Issues of Breastfeeding
Foster Relations Are Like Real Relations
Hadith 375
469- وبه: أنها قالت: جاء عمي من الرضاعة فاستأذن على فأبيت أن آذن له حتى أسأل رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم، قالت: فجاء رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم. قالت: فسألته عن ذلك فقال: ”إنه عمك فأذني له“ قالت: فقلت: يا رسول الله، إنما أرضعتني المرأة ولم يرضعني الرجل، فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: ”إنه عمك فليلج عليك قالت عائشة: وذلك بعد أن ضرب علينا الحجاب، وقالت عائشة: يحرم من الرضاع ما يحرم من الولادة.
And with this same chain (it is narrated from Sayyida Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her) that my foster uncle came and asked permission to enter (the house), but I refused to give him permission so that I could ask the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him. Then when the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, came, I asked him about this matter. He, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "He is your uncle, allow him." I said: O Messenger of Allah! It was the woman who suckled me, not the man. The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: "He is your uncle, he may come to you." Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, said: This was after the command of veiling was revealed to us. And Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, said: The relationships that are forbidden by lineage are also forbidden by suckling.
Hadith 376
310- وعن عمرة أن عائشة أم المؤمنين أخبرتها أن رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم كان عندها، وأنها سمعت صوت رجل يستأذن فى بيت حفصة، فقالت عائشة: فقلت: يا رسول الله، هذا رجل يستأذن فى بيتك، فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: أراه فلانا، لعم لحفصة من الرضاعة، فقالت عائشة: يا رسول الله، لو كان فلان حيا، لعم لها من الرضاعة، دخل علي؟ فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم: ”نعم إن الرضاعة تحرم ما تحرم الولادة . “
It is narrated from Umm al-Mu'mineen Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was with her when she (Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her) heard the voice of a man who was seeking permission to enter the house of Sayyida Hafsa (may Allah be pleased with her). Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) said: I said, "O Messenger of Allah! This man is asking for permission (to enter)?" So the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "I think he is such-and-such a man, Hafsa's foster-uncle." Then Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) said: "O Messenger of Allah! If such-and-such a man, who was her foster-uncle, were alive, could he come to me (in my house)?" The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Yes, the relationships that are forbidden due to (real) lineage are also forbidden due to fosterage."
Hadith 377
40- وبه عن: ابن شهاب أنه سئل عن رضاعة الكبير فقال: أخبرني عروة بن الزبير أن أبا حذيفة بن عتبة بن ربيعة وكان من أصحاب رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم وكان قد شهد بدرا، وكان تبنى سالما الذى كان يقال له: سالم مولى أبى حذيفة، كما تبنى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم زيد بن حارثة، وأنكح أبو حذيفة سالما وهو يرى أنه ابنه فأنكحه ابنة أخيه فاطمة ابنة الوليد بن عتبة بن ربيعة وهى يومئذ من المهاجرات الأول، وهى يومئذ من أفضل أيامى قريش، فلما أنزل الله تعالى فى كتابه فى زيد بن حارثة ما أنزل، فقال: {ادعوهم لآبائهم هو أقسط عند الله فإن لم تعلموا آباءهم فإخوانكم فى الدين ومواليكم} رد كل واحد تبني من أولئك إلى أبيه، فإن لم يعلم أبوه رد إلى مواليه. فجاءت سهلة بنت سهيل -وهي امرأة أبى حذيفة وهى من بني عامر بن لؤي- إلى رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فقالت: يا رسول الله، كنا نرى سالما ولدا وكان يدخل على وأنا فضل وليس لنا إلا بيت واحد، فماذا ترى فى شأنه؟ فقال لها رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فيما بلغنا: ”أرضعيه خمس رضعات فيحرم بلبنها.“ وكانت تراه ابنا من الرضاعة. فأخذت بذلك عائشة أم المؤمنين فيمن كانت تحب أن يدخل عليها من الرجال. فكانت تأمر أختها أم كلثوم ابنة أبى بكر الصديق رضى الله عنه وبنات أخيها أن يرضعن لها من أحبت أن يدخل عليها من الرجال. وأبى سائر أزواج النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم أن يدخل عليهن بتلك الرضاعة أحد من الناس. وقلن: لا والله ما نرى الذى أمر به رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم سهلة بنت سهيل إلا رخصة من رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فى رضاعة سالم وحده. والله لا يدخل علينا بهذه الرضاعة أحد. فعلى هذا من الخبر كان رأي أزواج النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم فى رضاعة الكبير. قال أبو الحسن: الذى اتصل هذا الحديث، قول عروة: فأخذت بذلك عائشة.
It is narrated from Urwah bin Zubair, may Allah have mercy on him, that the Badri Companion Abu Hudhaifah bin Utbah bin Rabi’ah had adopted (his slave) Salim, the freed slave of Abu Hudhaifah, may Allah be pleased with him, just as the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, had adopted Zaid bin Harithah, may Allah be pleased with him. Abu Hudhaifah married Salim to his niece Fatimah bint Walid bin Utbah bin Rabi’ah, who was among the first women to migrate and was one of the most virtuous women of the Quraysh in her time, because he considered him his son. When Allah Almighty revealed in His Book (the Noble Qur’an) regarding our master Zaid bin Harithah, may Allah be pleased with him: Call them by (the names of) their fathers; that is more just in the sight of your Lord. If you do not know their fathers, then they are your brothers in religion and your freed slaves. [ الاحزاب : 5 ] Everyone returned his adopted son to his (real) father, and if his father was not known, then he was attributed to the freed slaves. Then Abu Hudhaifah’s wife, Sahla bint Suhail, came to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him; she was from Banu Amir bin Lu’ayy. She said: O Messenger of Allah! We used to consider Salim as a son, while I am sometimes in my work clothes or in a single garment, and we live in the same house. What do you think about this? We have heard that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “Breastfeed him five times, and he will become unlawful (mahram) to you because of that milk.” (He will become a foster son.) She considered him her foster son. Umm al-Mu’minin, Lady Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, adopted this practice. If she wanted to allow a man to enter upon her, she would order her sister Umm Kulthum bint Abi Bakr al-Siddiq, may Allah be pleased with him, and her nieces to breastfeed him. All the wives of the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, refused to allow people to enter upon them through breastfeeding and said: No, by Allah! We think that the permission for Sahla bint Suhail to make Salim her foster son was a special concession for her. By Allah! No man will ever enter upon us through this breastfeeding. This was the opinion of the wives of the Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, regarding the breastfeeding of an adult man. Abu al-Hasan (the narrator) said: This hadith becomes elevated and connected (marfu’ muttasil) because of Urwah’s statement that (Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, adopted this practice).
Hadith 378
39- وبه: أنها أخبرته أن أفلح أخا أبى القعيس جاء يستأذن عليها -وهو عمها من الرضاعة- بعد أن نزل الحجاب، قالت: فابيت أن آذن له. فلما جاء رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم أخبرته بالذي صنعت فأمرني أن آذن له علي.
And with the same chain of narration, it is narrated that (Urwah bin Zubair) was informed by Sayyidah Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her): The brother of Abu Al-Qais, named Aflah, who was a foster uncle of Sayyidah Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her), sought permission to come to me after the obligation of hijab (veil) had been revealed. I refused to grant him permission. When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) arrived, I informed him of what I had said. He (peace and blessings be upon him) instructed me to allow him to enter.
