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موطا امام مالك رواية ابن القاسم
Muwatta Malik (Qasim)
Discussion on Freeing Slaves
Right of Wala’ Belongs to the One Who Frees the Slave
Hadith 520
اُردوEn
470- وبه: أنها قالت: جاءت بريرة فقالت: إني كاتبت أهلي على تسع أواق، فى كل عام أوقية، فأعينيني؛ فقالت عائشة: إن أحب أهلك أن أعدها لهم ويكون لي ولاؤك فعلت فذهبت بريرة إلى أهلها فقالت لهم ذلك، فأبوا عليها، فجاءت من عند أهلها ورسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم جالس، فقالت: إني قد عرضت ذلك عليهم فأبوا على إلا أن يكون الولاء لهم. فسمع ذلك رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فسألها فأخبرته عائشة، فقال رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم ”خذيها واشترطي الولاء لهم فإنما الولاء لمن أعتق“ ففعلت عائشة. ثم قام رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم فى الناس فحمد الله واثنى عليه ثم قال: ”أما بعد فما بال قوم يشترطون شروطا ليست فى كتاب الله ما كان من شرط ليس فى كتاب الله فهو باطل وإن كان مئة شرط، قضاء الله أحق، وشرط الله أوثق، وإنما الولاء لمن أعتق.“
And with this same chain (it is narrated from Sayyidah Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her) that Barirah, may Allah be pleased with her, came and said: I have made a written contract with my owners for my freedom for nine (9) uqiyah of silver; I will give them one uqiyah each year. Please help me in this matter. So Sayyidah Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, said: If your owners agree to this, I will pay them in cash, but the right of wala’ (allegiance) will be mine. Barirah went to her owners and told them this. They refused, so she came from her owners (to Aisha Siddiqa, may Allah be pleased with her), and the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, was also sitting there. She said: I told them this, but they refused and said that the right of wala’ would be theirs. When the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, heard this, he asked: (What is the matter?) Then Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, informed him, so the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, said: “Take her and accept their condition of wala’, for the right of wala’ is only for the one who sets free.” So Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her, did so. Then the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, stood among the people, and after praising and glorifying Allah, he said: As for what follows, what is the matter with people who stipulate conditions that are not in the Book of Allah? Any condition that is not in the Book of Allah is invalid, even if there are a hundred such conditions. The decision of Allah is the most rightful, and the condition of Allah is the strongest, and the right of wala’ is only for the one who sets free.
Explanation & Benefits
Hafiz Zubair Ali Zai
Hadith Authentication:
[وأخرجه البخاري 2168، 2729، من حديث مالك، ورواه مسلم 8/1504، من حديث هشام بن عروة به]
Jurisprudential Points:
➊ Whoever frees a slave, the bond of wala’ (loyalty) also belongs to that person.
➋ An authentic hadith is a proof, and in fact, it is equivalent to the Book of Allah, because hadith has also been referred to as the Book of Allah.
➌ In a sermon, praise and glorification (of Allah) should come first, and only then should people be advised and religious matters explained.
➍ The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) is not the knower of the unseen (al-ghayb), otherwise why would he ask about Barirah (radi Allahu anha)? Remember, to compare the Prophet’s (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) question to the question of Allah is invalid, because Allah is the Knower of the unseen, and nothing is hidden from Him. «وهو أعلم بهم» [ديكهئے الموطأ ح330]
➎ Accepting a gift is Sunnah, as is established from the longer context of this hadith. See: [التمهيد 22/161]
➏ If a written agreement is made for the repayment of a loan by a specified time, and the loan is repaid before that time, the agreement is nullified.
➐ Islam has encouraged such means by which slavery was gradually abolished on its own.
➑ Assisting one another in good is the practice of the believers.
➒ If Muslims mutually agree upon conditions that do not contradict the Book and Sunnah, then fulfilling those conditions is obligatory.
◄ The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said: «المسلمون علیٰ شروطھم۔» Muslims are bound by their conditions. [سنن ابي داود : 3594 وسنده حسن وصححه ابن الجارود : 637 وابن حبان، الموارد : 1199، نيز ديكهئے صحيح البخاري ج3 ص120 قبل ح2274]
◄ Remember, any condition that is in clear contradiction to the Book and Sunnah is rejected.
➓ Many jurisprudential issues are established from this hadith. For details, see: [التمهيد 22/160،1890]
[وأخرجه البخاري 2168، 2729، من حديث مالك، ورواه مسلم 8/1504، من حديث هشام بن عروة به]
Jurisprudential Points:
➊ Whoever frees a slave, the bond of wala’ (loyalty) also belongs to that person.
➋ An authentic hadith is a proof, and in fact, it is equivalent to the Book of Allah, because hadith has also been referred to as the Book of Allah.
➌ In a sermon, praise and glorification (of Allah) should come first, and only then should people be advised and religious matters explained.
➍ The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) is not the knower of the unseen (al-ghayb), otherwise why would he ask about Barirah (radi Allahu anha)? Remember, to compare the Prophet’s (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) question to the question of Allah is invalid, because Allah is the Knower of the unseen, and nothing is hidden from Him. «وهو أعلم بهم» [ديكهئے الموطأ ح330]
➎ Accepting a gift is Sunnah, as is established from the longer context of this hadith. See: [التمهيد 22/161]
➏ If a written agreement is made for the repayment of a loan by a specified time, and the loan is repaid before that time, the agreement is nullified.
➐ Islam has encouraged such means by which slavery was gradually abolished on its own.
➑ Assisting one another in good is the practice of the believers.
➒ If Muslims mutually agree upon conditions that do not contradict the Book and Sunnah, then fulfilling those conditions is obligatory.
◄ The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said: «المسلمون علیٰ شروطھم۔» Muslims are bound by their conditions. [سنن ابي داود : 3594 وسنده حسن وصححه ابن الجارود : 637 وابن حبان، الموارد : 1199، نيز ديكهئے صحيح البخاري ج3 ص120 قبل ح2274]
◄ Remember, any condition that is in clear contradiction to the Book and Sunnah is rejected.
➓ Many jurisprudential issues are established from this hadith. For details, see: [التمهيد 22/160،1890]
Source: Muwatta Imam Malik (Narration of Ibn al-Qasim): Commentary by Zubair Ali Zai, Page: 470
