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موطا امام مالك رواية ابن القاسم
Muwatta Malik (Qasim)
Issues of Funeral Prayer
The deceased is punished for wailing over him
Hadith 230
اُردوEn
316- وبه: أنها سمعت عائشة زوج النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم، وذكر لها أن عبد الله بن عمر يقول: إن الميت ليعذب ببكاء الحي، فقالت: يغفر الله لأبي عبد الرحمن، أما إنه لم يكذب ولكنه نسي أو أخطأ، إنما مر رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم على يهودية يبكي عليها أهلها، فقال: ”إنهم ليبكون عليها، وإنها لتعذب فى قبرها.“
And with this same chain of narration, it is narrated that it was mentioned in the presence of the Prophet’s wife, Sayyida Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her), that Sayyiduna Abdullah bin Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) says: Indeed, the deceased is punished because of the weeping of his family members. So she said: May Allah forgive Abu Abdur Rahman (Abdullah bin Umar), he did not lie, but he forgot or made a mistake. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) passed by (the grave of) a Jewish woman whose family was weeping over her, so he (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “They are weeping over her, and she is being punished in her grave.”
Explanation & Benefits
Hafiz Zubair Ali Zai
Takhrij al-Hadith: [وأخرجه البخاري 1289، ومسلم 932، من حديث مالك به]
Jurisprudential Points:
➊ The deceased is punished because of the lamentation and wailing of those who weep over him. The aforementioned hadith has also been narrated by the following noble Companions (radi Allahu anhum ajma'in):
◄ Sayyiduna Abu Musa al-Ash'ari radi Allahu anhu [سنن الترمذي : 1003، وقال : ”هذا حديث حسن غريب“ ابن ماجه : 1594، مسند أحمد 4/414 ح19716، وسنده حسن لذاته واللفظ له وصححه الحاكم 471/2]
◄ Sayyiduna Imran ibn Husayn radi Allahu anhu [سنن النسائي15/4 ح1850، وسنده حسن، ابن حبان، الاحسان : 3124 دوسرا نسخه : 3134]
◄ Sayyiduna Mughirah ibn Shu'bah radi Allahu anhu [صحيح بخاري : 1291، صحيح مسلم : 933] Also see [نيل المقصود فى التعليق عليٰ سنن ابي داود مخطوط ص716 ح3129]
● It is thus evident that Sayyiduna Ibn Umar radi Allahu anhu and Sayyiduna Umar radi Allahu anhu were neither forgetful nor mistaken; rather, the real issue is that the one who was opposed to the wailing and lamentation of the pre-Islamic era and used to prohibit it, then such a person is not punished due to such wailing and lamentation. This is the meaning of the evidence presented by Sayyidah Aishah radi Allahu anha. As for the one who used to wail and lament in the manner of the pre-Islamic era and approved of it, then he is punished due to such wailing and lamentation; this is the meaning of the hadith narrated by Sayyiduna Ibn Umar radi Allahu anhu and others. Also see [صحيح بخاري قبل ح1284]
➋ There can be differences among the scholars of truth regarding certain issues.
➌ In another authentic narration from Sayyidah Aishah radi Allahu anha, it is mentioned that «إنما مرّ رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم علٰي قبر۔۔۔» the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam passed by a grave. al-kh [مسند أحمد 2/38 ح4959 وسنده صحيح، سنن ابي داود : 3129، سنن النسائي 4/17 ح1856]
It is thus evident that the meaning of "passed by the Jewish woman" is that he passed by the grave of the Jewish woman.
➍ If the correction of another is intended in any matter, it should be done in the best manner.
➎ Disbelievers, polytheists, and hypocrites, etc., are subjected to the punishment of the grave.
➏ One should always maintain a good opinion of one's fellow Muslim brothers.
Jurisprudential Points:
➊ The deceased is punished because of the lamentation and wailing of those who weep over him. The aforementioned hadith has also been narrated by the following noble Companions (radi Allahu anhum ajma'in):
◄ Sayyiduna Abu Musa al-Ash'ari radi Allahu anhu [سنن الترمذي : 1003، وقال : ”هذا حديث حسن غريب“ ابن ماجه : 1594، مسند أحمد 4/414 ح19716، وسنده حسن لذاته واللفظ له وصححه الحاكم 471/2]
◄ Sayyiduna Imran ibn Husayn radi Allahu anhu [سنن النسائي15/4 ح1850، وسنده حسن، ابن حبان، الاحسان : 3124 دوسرا نسخه : 3134]
◄ Sayyiduna Mughirah ibn Shu'bah radi Allahu anhu [صحيح بخاري : 1291، صحيح مسلم : 933] Also see [نيل المقصود فى التعليق عليٰ سنن ابي داود مخطوط ص716 ح3129]
● It is thus evident that Sayyiduna Ibn Umar radi Allahu anhu and Sayyiduna Umar radi Allahu anhu were neither forgetful nor mistaken; rather, the real issue is that the one who was opposed to the wailing and lamentation of the pre-Islamic era and used to prohibit it, then such a person is not punished due to such wailing and lamentation. This is the meaning of the evidence presented by Sayyidah Aishah radi Allahu anha. As for the one who used to wail and lament in the manner of the pre-Islamic era and approved of it, then he is punished due to such wailing and lamentation; this is the meaning of the hadith narrated by Sayyiduna Ibn Umar radi Allahu anhu and others. Also see [صحيح بخاري قبل ح1284]
➋ There can be differences among the scholars of truth regarding certain issues.
➌ In another authentic narration from Sayyidah Aishah radi Allahu anha, it is mentioned that «إنما مرّ رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم علٰي قبر۔۔۔» the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam passed by a grave. al-kh [مسند أحمد 2/38 ح4959 وسنده صحيح، سنن ابي داود : 3129، سنن النسائي 4/17 ح1856]
It is thus evident that the meaning of "passed by the Jewish woman" is that he passed by the grave of the Jewish woman.
➍ If the correction of another is intended in any matter, it should be done in the best manner.
➎ Disbelievers, polytheists, and hypocrites, etc., are subjected to the punishment of the grave.
➏ One should always maintain a good opinion of one's fellow Muslim brothers.
Source: Muwatta Imam Malik (Narration of Ibn al-Qasim): Commentary by Zubair Ali Zai, Page: 316
