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موطا امام مالك رواية ابن القاسم
Muwatta Malik (Qasim)
Issues of Funeral Prayer
It Is Recommended to Shroud the Deceased in Three Garments
Hadith 221
اُردوEn
463- وعن هشام عن أبيه عن عائشة أن النبى صلى الله عليه وسلم كفن فى ثلاثة أثواب بيض سحولية، ليس فيها قميص ولا عمامة.
It is narrated from Sayyidah Aisha (Siddiqah, may Allah be pleased with her) that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) was shrouded in three white Yemeni garments, in which there was neither a shirt nor a turban.
Explanation & Benefits
Hafiz Zubair Ali Zai
Hadith Authentication (Takhrij al-Hadith):
[وأخرجه البخاري 1273، من حديث مالك به]
Jurisprudential Explanation (Tafaqquh):
➊ It is recommended and preferred (mustahabb wa mustahsan) to shroud the deceased in three garments.
➋ There is consensus (ijma‘) that Hamzah radi Allahu anhu was shrouded in a single garment. [التمهيد 22/143]
➌ It is better that the shroud (kafan) cloth be white. See: Sunan Abi Dawud [4061 و سنده حسن و صححه الترمذي : 994 وابن حبان الموارد : 1439 - 1441 و الحاكم 354/1 على شرط مسلم و وافقه الذهبي]
➍ When the time of death approached for our master Abu Bakr radi Allahu anhu, he asked: “In how many garments was the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam shrouded?” Aisha radi Allahu anha replied: “In three garments.” Regarding an old garment, he said: “Wash it and add two garments to it.” Aisha radi Allahu anha said: “We can buy a new garment for you.” He replied: “New garments are for the living.” al-kh [مصنف ابن ابي شيبه 3/358 ح11050، وسنده صحيح]
➎ Our master Hudhayfah radi Allahu anhu said regarding his two old garments: “Shroud me in these two garments.” [مصنف ابن ابي شيبه 3/259، ح11057، وسنده صحيح]
➏ Imam Sha‘bi rahimahullah said: A woman is shrouded in five garments: a sheet (chadar), a scarf (dupatta), a wrapper (lifafah), a waistband (kamarband), and a piece of cloth for the abdomen, i.e., a chest-cover (sina-band). [مصنف ابن ابي شيبه 3/262 ح11086، وسنده صحيح]
The opinion of five garments is also established from the following scholars:
Muhammad ibn Sirin [ابن ابي شيبه : 11085، دوسرا نسخه 428/4 وسنده صحيح], Ibrahim al-Nakha‘i [ابن ابي شيبه: 11091، وسنده قوي]
➐ According to necessity, the number of shroud garments can be decreased or increased, but it should be remembered that supplications or writing on the shroud, etc., is not established.
➑ There should be no extravagance (israf) in the shroud; however, the shroud should be clean and pure. See: [صحيح مسلم 943، دارالسلام: 2185]
➒ For details on the issues of shrouding, see Shaykh ‘Abd al-Rahman Mubarakpuri rahimahullah’s book “Kitab al-Jana’iz.”
➓ In a situation of severe necessity and valid Shar‘i excuse, the deceased may be buried without a shroud or with an incomplete shroud, as is established from the incident of our master Mus‘ab ibn ‘Umayr radi Allahu anhu. [صحيح بخاري:1276] And Allah knows best.
[وأخرجه البخاري 1273، من حديث مالك به]
Jurisprudential Explanation (Tafaqquh):
➊ It is recommended and preferred (mustahabb wa mustahsan) to shroud the deceased in three garments.
➋ There is consensus (ijma‘) that Hamzah radi Allahu anhu was shrouded in a single garment. [التمهيد 22/143]
➌ It is better that the shroud (kafan) cloth be white. See: Sunan Abi Dawud [4061 و سنده حسن و صححه الترمذي : 994 وابن حبان الموارد : 1439 - 1441 و الحاكم 354/1 على شرط مسلم و وافقه الذهبي]
➍ When the time of death approached for our master Abu Bakr radi Allahu anhu, he asked: “In how many garments was the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam shrouded?” Aisha radi Allahu anha replied: “In three garments.” Regarding an old garment, he said: “Wash it and add two garments to it.” Aisha radi Allahu anha said: “We can buy a new garment for you.” He replied: “New garments are for the living.” al-kh [مصنف ابن ابي شيبه 3/358 ح11050، وسنده صحيح]
➎ Our master Hudhayfah radi Allahu anhu said regarding his two old garments: “Shroud me in these two garments.” [مصنف ابن ابي شيبه 3/259، ح11057، وسنده صحيح]
➏ Imam Sha‘bi rahimahullah said: A woman is shrouded in five garments: a sheet (chadar), a scarf (dupatta), a wrapper (lifafah), a waistband (kamarband), and a piece of cloth for the abdomen, i.e., a chest-cover (sina-band). [مصنف ابن ابي شيبه 3/262 ح11086، وسنده صحيح]
The opinion of five garments is also established from the following scholars:
Muhammad ibn Sirin [ابن ابي شيبه : 11085، دوسرا نسخه 428/4 وسنده صحيح], Ibrahim al-Nakha‘i [ابن ابي شيبه: 11091، وسنده قوي]
➐ According to necessity, the number of shroud garments can be decreased or increased, but it should be remembered that supplications or writing on the shroud, etc., is not established.
➑ There should be no extravagance (israf) in the shroud; however, the shroud should be clean and pure. See: [صحيح مسلم 943، دارالسلام: 2185]
➒ For details on the issues of shrouding, see Shaykh ‘Abd al-Rahman Mubarakpuri rahimahullah’s book “Kitab al-Jana’iz.”
➓ In a situation of severe necessity and valid Shar‘i excuse, the deceased may be buried without a shroud or with an incomplete shroud, as is established from the incident of our master Mus‘ab ibn ‘Umayr radi Allahu anhu. [صحيح بخاري:1276] And Allah knows best.
Source: Muwatta Imam Malik (Narration of Ibn al-Qasim): Commentary by Zubair Ali Zai, Page: 463
