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مسند اسحاق بن راهويه
Musnad Ishaq
كتاب الايمانBook of Faith
Swearing by other than Allah is prohibited
Hadith 71
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ أَيُّوبَ، عَنْ أَبِي حَمْزَةَ السُّكَّرِيِّ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ الْجُهَنِيِّ قَالَ: أَخْبَرَتْنِي امْرَأَةٌ، مِنَّا أَنَّهَا سَمِعَتِ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَخْطُبُ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ: " لَا يَقُولُ أَحَدُكُمْ: لَوْلَا اللَّهُ وَفُلَانٌ، فَإِنْ كَانَ لَا بُدَّ فَاعِلًا فَلْيَقُلْ: وَلَوْلَا اللَّهُ ثُمَّ فُلَانٌ ".
Abdullah bin Yasar Juhani narrated: A woman from our tribe told me that she heard the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, delivering a sermon. He, peace and blessings be upon him, was saying: "None of you should say: 'If Allah and so-and-so (had not done)...' If he must say it, then he should say: 'If Allah (had not done), then so-and-so.'"
Explanation & Benefits
Hafiz Abdush Shakoor Tirmidhi
Benefits:
From the aforementioned ahadith, it is understood that swearing an oath by the Ka'bah is shirk (associating partners with Allah), because the Ka'bah is other than Allah, and whoever swears by other than Allah commits shirk. As is mentioned in Jami' al-Tirmidhi, the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said: ((Whoever swears by other than Allah has committed disbelief or shirk.)) ... "Whoever swears by other than Allah has committed disbelief or shirk."
Shaykh Abdullah Basam rahimahullah has narrated: "Since ancient times, people have held the belief that the one by whom an oath is sworn has dominance and authority over the one swearing, and beyond apparent causes, is able to benefit or harm him. When the one swearing fulfills his oath, the one sworn by becomes pleased with him and grants him benefit, and if not pleased, causes him harm. In this way, swearing an oath by anyone other than Allah and His attributes is shirk with Allah." (Tawdih al-Ahkam: 7/108)
Imam al-Haramayn said: Swearing an oath by other than Allah is at the very least disliked (makruh). If the one swearing by other than Allah holds in his belief as much veneration for that thing as is held for Allah, then due to this belief he becomes a disbeliever (kafir). And this is the situation to which this hadith applies. However, if the one swearing by other than Allah holds in his belief only as much veneration for that thing as it is worthy of, then due to this he cannot be declared a disbeliever; nevertheless, his oath will not be binding. (Fath al-Bari: 11/651, 652)
However, some object that Allah Ta'ala has prohibited swearing by other than Allah, but in numerous places in the Noble Qur'an, Allah Himself has sworn by other than Himself, such as the sun, the moon, etc. The answer to this is that this is something exclusive to Allah, the Possessor of Majesty, and whatever Allah Ta'ala does, it is not appropriate for us to do the same. People will be questioned about their actions, but no one can question what Allah, the Possessor of Majesty, does, because He is the Creator, the King of kings.
From the aforementioned hadith, it is also understood that one should not say, "Whatever Allah and you will." Because in the divine status of Allah, no one has any share, no matter how great or close they may be. Only what Allah, the Possessor of Majesty, wills happens. Because saying, "Whatever Allah wills and then whatever you will," means that only what Allah wills will happen, so the will of the other person is subordinate to the will of Allah, the Possessor of Majesty.
No matter how much the claimant wishes evil, what happens is only what is decreed by Allah.
From the aforementioned ahadith, it is understood that swearing an oath by the Ka'bah is shirk (associating partners with Allah), because the Ka'bah is other than Allah, and whoever swears by other than Allah commits shirk. As is mentioned in Jami' al-Tirmidhi, the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said: ((Whoever swears by other than Allah has committed disbelief or shirk.)) ... "Whoever swears by other than Allah has committed disbelief or shirk."
Shaykh Abdullah Basam rahimahullah has narrated: "Since ancient times, people have held the belief that the one by whom an oath is sworn has dominance and authority over the one swearing, and beyond apparent causes, is able to benefit or harm him. When the one swearing fulfills his oath, the one sworn by becomes pleased with him and grants him benefit, and if not pleased, causes him harm. In this way, swearing an oath by anyone other than Allah and His attributes is shirk with Allah." (Tawdih al-Ahkam: 7/108)
Imam al-Haramayn said: Swearing an oath by other than Allah is at the very least disliked (makruh). If the one swearing by other than Allah holds in his belief as much veneration for that thing as is held for Allah, then due to this belief he becomes a disbeliever (kafir). And this is the situation to which this hadith applies. However, if the one swearing by other than Allah holds in his belief only as much veneration for that thing as it is worthy of, then due to this he cannot be declared a disbeliever; nevertheless, his oath will not be binding. (Fath al-Bari: 11/651, 652)
However, some object that Allah Ta'ala has prohibited swearing by other than Allah, but in numerous places in the Noble Qur'an, Allah Himself has sworn by other than Himself, such as the sun, the moon, etc. The answer to this is that this is something exclusive to Allah, the Possessor of Majesty, and whatever Allah Ta'ala does, it is not appropriate for us to do the same. People will be questioned about their actions, but no one can question what Allah, the Possessor of Majesty, does, because He is the Creator, the King of kings.
From the aforementioned hadith, it is also understood that one should not say, "Whatever Allah and you will." Because in the divine status of Allah, no one has any share, no matter how great or close they may be. Only what Allah, the Possessor of Majesty, wills happens. Because saying, "Whatever Allah wills and then whatever you will," means that only what Allah wills will happen, so the will of the other person is subordinate to the will of Allah, the Possessor of Majesty.
No matter how much the claimant wishes evil, what happens is only what is decreed by Allah.
Source: Musnad Ishaq bin Rahwayh, Page: 71
