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Hadith 58
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا وَهْبُ بْنُ جَرِيرِ بْنِ حَازِمٍ، حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي، عَنْ فَضْلِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ، عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ، أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنْ قَوْلِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: ((لَا يَزْنِي الزَّانِي حِينَ يَزْنِي وَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ، وَلَا يَسْرِقُ السَّارِقُ حِينَ يَسْرِقُ وَهُوَ مُؤْمِنٌ)) ، فَقَالَ أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ: هَذَا الْإِسْلَامُ وَدَوَّرَ دَارَةً كَبيرَةً، وَهذَا الْإِيمَانُ وَدَوَّرَ دَارَةً صَغيرَةً فِي وَسْطِ الْكَبِيرَةِ، قَالَ: وَالْإِيمَانُ مَقْصُورٌ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ فَإِذَا زَنَى وَسَرَقَ خَرَجَ مِنَ الْإِيمَانِ إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ وَلَا يُخْرِجُهُ مِنَ الْإِسْلَامِ إِلَّا الْكُفْرُ بِاللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ.
It is narrated from Abu Ja'far that he was asked about the statement of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him: "A fornicator cannot commit fornication while remaining a believer, and a thief cannot steal while remaining a believer." So Abu Ja'far said: This is Islam, and he drew a large circle. This is faith, and he drew a small circle in the middle of the large circle, and said: Faith is confined within Islam. So when he commits fornication and theft, he comes out from faith to Islam, and only disbelief in the essence of Allah can expel him from Islam.
Explanation & Benefits
Hafiz Abdush Shakoor Tirmidhi
Benefits:
From the apparent meaning of the mentioned hadith, it is understood that a person who commits a major sin (kabirah) is not a believer (mumin). This is the doctrine of the Mu'tazilah and the Khawarij. However, the Ahl al-Sunnah interpret it to mean that, except for shirk (associating partners with Allah), no believer becomes a disbeliever (kafir) due to other sins; rather, his faith (iman) becomes deficient. If he repents, his sins are erased. And if he dies while persisting in major sins, then it is up to Allah's will whether He forgives him or punishes him. Or, it can be explained that the negation of faith is intended as a warning and rebuke, so that he refrains from major sins. Another opinion is that, although this statement appears to be informative (khabariyyah), in reality it is in the form of a prohibition (nahy): that a believer, while in a state of faith, should not commit fornication, should not consume alcohol, and should not commit robbery against anyone's wealth. (Mir'at al-Mafatih: 1/126)
Imam Nawawi rahimahullah says: There is consensus among the people of truth that those who commit major sins cannot be declared disbelievers, except in the case of shirk; rather, they are people of deficient faith. Therefore, if they repent, their punishment will be dropped, and if they die in that state, their matter is left to Allah, the Possessor of Majesty. So, if Allah wills, He will forgive them and admit them to Paradise first, otherwise He will punish them first and then admit them to Paradise. (Sharh Muslim by al-Nawawi: p. 164, Dar Ibn Hazm edition)
This is also established from another hadith, that such people who commit the aforementioned sins do not exit the religion of Islam, as is stated in the hadith: ((And nothing expels him from Islam except disbelief in Allah.))
And in another hadith it is stated:
((When a man commits fornication, faith departs from him and hovers above his head like a cloud. When he leaves that act, faith returns to him.)) (Musannaf 'Abd al-Razzaq, no. 13682)
From this too, it is understood that faith departs but then returns afterwards.
From the apparent meaning of the mentioned hadith, it is understood that a person who commits a major sin (kabirah) is not a believer (mumin). This is the doctrine of the Mu'tazilah and the Khawarij. However, the Ahl al-Sunnah interpret it to mean that, except for shirk (associating partners with Allah), no believer becomes a disbeliever (kafir) due to other sins; rather, his faith (iman) becomes deficient. If he repents, his sins are erased. And if he dies while persisting in major sins, then it is up to Allah's will whether He forgives him or punishes him. Or, it can be explained that the negation of faith is intended as a warning and rebuke, so that he refrains from major sins. Another opinion is that, although this statement appears to be informative (khabariyyah), in reality it is in the form of a prohibition (nahy): that a believer, while in a state of faith, should not commit fornication, should not consume alcohol, and should not commit robbery against anyone's wealth. (Mir'at al-Mafatih: 1/126)
Imam Nawawi rahimahullah says: There is consensus among the people of truth that those who commit major sins cannot be declared disbelievers, except in the case of shirk; rather, they are people of deficient faith. Therefore, if they repent, their punishment will be dropped, and if they die in that state, their matter is left to Allah, the Possessor of Majesty. So, if Allah wills, He will forgive them and admit them to Paradise first, otherwise He will punish them first and then admit them to Paradise. (Sharh Muslim by al-Nawawi: p. 164, Dar Ibn Hazm edition)
This is also established from another hadith, that such people who commit the aforementioned sins do not exit the religion of Islam, as is stated in the hadith: ((And nothing expels him from Islam except disbelief in Allah.))
And in another hadith it is stated:
((When a man commits fornication, faith departs from him and hovers above his head like a cloud. When he leaves that act, faith returns to him.)) (Musannaf 'Abd al-Razzaq, no. 13682)
From this too, it is understood that faith departs but then returns afterwards.
Source: Musnad Ishaq bin Rahwayh, Page: 58
