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مسند اسحاق بن راهويه
Musnad Ishaq
كتاب الايمانBook of Faith
Three traits of hypocrisy; signs of a hypocrite
Hadith 52
اُردوEn
وَبِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: " ثَلَاثٌ مِنْ أَمْرِ الْمُنَافِقِ وَإِنْ صَامَ وَصَلَّى وَزَعَمَ أَنَّهُ مُسْلِمٌ: إِذَا حَدَّثَ كَذَبَ وَإِذَا وَعَدَ أَخْلَفَ وَإِذَا ائْتُمِنَ خَانَ ".
Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated from the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), he (peace be upon him) said: "Three actions are from the signs of hypocrisy, even if the doer fasts, prays, and claims to be a Muslim: when he speaks, he lies; when he makes a promise, he breaks it; and when something is entrusted to him, he betrays the trust."
Explanation & Benefits
Hafiz Abdush Shakoor Tirmidhi
Benefits:
From the aforementioned hadith, the signs of a hypocrite are known. In another hadith it is stated: ((وَاِذَا خَاصَمَ فَجَرَ۔)) (Bukhari, no. 34; Muslim, no. 58) "And when he quarrels, he abuses."
The word "munafiq" (hypocrite) is derived from "nafaq," which is one of the openings of the burrow of a wild rat (yarbuʿ). The rat constructs it in such a way that it leaves a layer of earth at that spot so that if its head appears, it can break through and escape; it keeps this opening hidden. The other opening it leaves exposed. Similarly, the hypocrite hides his disbelief and displays faith, hence he is given this name. The hypocrite also conceals disbelief and displays faith. There are two types of hypocrites: (1) Hypocrite in belief (iʿtiqadi munafiq), (2) Hypocrite in action (ʿamali munafiq).
(1) Hypocrite in belief: That is, he does not truly believe in Allah and His Messenger sallallahu alayhi wa sallam; he has only verbally recited the testimony of faith, and people consider him a Muslim, whereas in his heart he is not a Muslim at all. This is major hypocrisy (nifaq akbar). Such hypocrites will be in the lowest depths of Hell.
(2) Hypocrite in action: People consider him to be a person of good deeds, but in reality, he is not a person of good deeds. A Muslim with weak faith in whom the aforementioned signs are found is a hypocrite in action.
From the aforementioned hadith, the signs of a hypocrite are known. In another hadith it is stated: ((وَاِذَا خَاصَمَ فَجَرَ۔)) (Bukhari, no. 34; Muslim, no. 58) "And when he quarrels, he abuses."
The word "munafiq" (hypocrite) is derived from "nafaq," which is one of the openings of the burrow of a wild rat (yarbuʿ). The rat constructs it in such a way that it leaves a layer of earth at that spot so that if its head appears, it can break through and escape; it keeps this opening hidden. The other opening it leaves exposed. Similarly, the hypocrite hides his disbelief and displays faith, hence he is given this name. The hypocrite also conceals disbelief and displays faith. There are two types of hypocrites: (1) Hypocrite in belief (iʿtiqadi munafiq), (2) Hypocrite in action (ʿamali munafiq).
(1) Hypocrite in belief: That is, he does not truly believe in Allah and His Messenger sallallahu alayhi wa sallam; he has only verbally recited the testimony of faith, and people consider him a Muslim, whereas in his heart he is not a Muslim at all. This is major hypocrisy (nifaq akbar). Such hypocrites will be in the lowest depths of Hell.
(2) Hypocrite in action: People consider him to be a person of good deeds, but in reality, he is not a person of good deeds. A Muslim with weak faith in whom the aforementioned signs are found is a hypocrite in action.
Source: Musnad Ishaq bin Rahwayh, Page: 52
