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مسند اسحاق بن راهويه
Musnad Ishaq
كتاب البيوعBook of Transactions
Description of pledging something as collateral for a loan
Hadith 468
اُردوEn
اَخْبَرَنَا النَّضْرُ بْنُ شُمَیْلٍ، نَا هِشَامُ بْنُ حَسَّانٍ، عَنْ عِکْرِمَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: تُوْفِّیَ رَسُوْلُ اللّٰهِ صَلَّی اللّٰهُ عَلَیْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَدِرْعُهٗ مَرْهُوْنَةٌ عِنْدَ رَجُلٍ مِّنْ یَهُوْدٍ بِثَلَاثِیْنَ صَاعًا مِّنْ شَعِیرٍ، اَخَذَهٗ طَعَامًا لِاَهْلِه.
Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrated: When the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) passed away, his armor was mortgaged with a Jewish man in exchange for thirty sa’ of barley, which he had taken for food for his family.
Explanation & Benefits
Hafiz Abdush Shakoor Tirmidhi
Benefits:
From the mentioned hadith, it is understood that keeping something as collateral (rahn) is permissible. The meaning of collateral (rahn) is to give some property as a document/security in exchange for a loan. Allah the Exalted says:
﴿وَ اِنْ كُنْتُمْ عَلٰى سَفَرٍ وَّ لَمْ تَجِدُوْا كَاتِبًا فَرِهٰنٌ مَّقْبُوْضَةٌ﴾ ( al-Baqarah: 283)
“If you are on a journey and cannot find a scribe, then let there be a pledge taken into possession.”
From the above hadith, it is also understood that it is permissible to engage in transactions with non-Muslims.
This hadith also establishes the self-respect of the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), as some of the noble Companions (radi Allahu anhum) were very wealthy, yet the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) would not take loans from the Companions. Secondly, it affirms the asceticism (zuhd) of the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam). Thirdly, a fifth of the spoils of war (mal al-ghanīmah) would come to the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), which was for him, but he (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) would also spend that for the needs of the Muslims.
(Is it permissible for the mortgagee (murtahin) to benefit from the item kept as collateral (rahn)?)
If there is a need, it is permissible to use the animal kept as collateral for riding in exchange for its fodder, and it is also permissible to use its milk.
From the mentioned hadith, it is understood that keeping something as collateral (rahn) is permissible. The meaning of collateral (rahn) is to give some property as a document/security in exchange for a loan. Allah the Exalted says:
﴿وَ اِنْ كُنْتُمْ عَلٰى سَفَرٍ وَّ لَمْ تَجِدُوْا كَاتِبًا فَرِهٰنٌ مَّقْبُوْضَةٌ﴾ ( al-Baqarah: 283)
“If you are on a journey and cannot find a scribe, then let there be a pledge taken into possession.”
From the above hadith, it is also understood that it is permissible to engage in transactions with non-Muslims.
This hadith also establishes the self-respect of the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), as some of the noble Companions (radi Allahu anhum) were very wealthy, yet the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) would not take loans from the Companions. Secondly, it affirms the asceticism (zuhd) of the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam). Thirdly, a fifth of the spoils of war (mal al-ghanīmah) would come to the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), which was for him, but he (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) would also spend that for the needs of the Muslims.
(Is it permissible for the mortgagee (murtahin) to benefit from the item kept as collateral (rahn)?)
If there is a need, it is permissible to use the animal kept as collateral for riding in exchange for its fodder, and it is also permissible to use its milk.
Source: Musnad Ishaq bin Rahwayh, Page: 468
