Toggle above to switch between keyword search and direct hadith lookup
مسند اسحاق بن راهويه
Musnad Ishaq
كتاب الصومBook of Fasting
Making up missed fasts for the deceased by heirs
Hadith 430
اُردوEn
اَخْبَرَنَا النَّضْرُ، نَا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ سُلَیْمَانَ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ مُسْلِمَ الْبِطِّیْنَ، عَنْ سَعِیْدِ بْنِ جُبَیْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، عَنِ النَّبِیِّ صَلَّی اللّٰهُ عَلَیْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِثْلَهٗ وَقَالَ قَضَی عَنْهَا.
Saeed bin Jubair (may Allah have mercy on him) narrated from Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) from the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) a narration similar to the previous hadith, and stated: He fulfilled (the fasts) on her (his mother's) behalf.
Explanation & Benefits
Hafiz Abdush Shakoor Tirmidhi
Benefits:
From the aforementioned hadiths, it is understood that if there are fasts due upon the deceased, then his heir should fast on his behalf, and deputization (niyabah) in this matter is valid. Is fasting on behalf of the deceased obligatory or recommended? The majority (jumhur) hold it to be recommended (mustahabb). (Nayl al-Awtar: 3/214)
According to Allamah Ibn Hazm rahimahullah, fasting on behalf of the deceased is obligatory (wajib). (Al-Muhalla bil-Athar: 4/420)
Shaykh al-Albani rahimahullah holds the position that this act is not obligatory. (Al-Ta‘liqat al-Radiyyah ‘ala al-Rawdah al-Nadiyyah: 2/25)
Maulana Dawood Raz rahimahullah, while quoting Shah Waliullah Muhaddith Dehlawi rahimahullah, writes that there are two aspects to this: one is with respect to the deceased, because many souls, when they part from their bodies, remain aware that some act of worship which was obligatory upon them and for the abandonment of which they will be held accountable, has been missed.
Therefore, those souls remain in a state of grief and pain, and as a result, the door of dread is opened upon them. At such a time, the greatest compassion towards them is that the one among the people who is closest to the deceased should perform a similar act and intend that he is doing this act on behalf of the deceased. This proves beneficial for the relative of that person, or that person performs some other act similar to it. Likewise, if a person had intended to give charity (sadaqah) but died without giving it, then his heir should give charity on his behalf. (Sharh Bukhari by Maulana Dawood Raz, published: 3/205, 206, with reference to Hujjat Allah al-Balighah)
From the aforementioned hadiths, it is understood that if there are fasts due upon the deceased, then his heir should fast on his behalf, and deputization (niyabah) in this matter is valid. Is fasting on behalf of the deceased obligatory or recommended? The majority (jumhur) hold it to be recommended (mustahabb). (Nayl al-Awtar: 3/214)
According to Allamah Ibn Hazm rahimahullah, fasting on behalf of the deceased is obligatory (wajib). (Al-Muhalla bil-Athar: 4/420)
Shaykh al-Albani rahimahullah holds the position that this act is not obligatory. (Al-Ta‘liqat al-Radiyyah ‘ala al-Rawdah al-Nadiyyah: 2/25)
Maulana Dawood Raz rahimahullah, while quoting Shah Waliullah Muhaddith Dehlawi rahimahullah, writes that there are two aspects to this: one is with respect to the deceased, because many souls, when they part from their bodies, remain aware that some act of worship which was obligatory upon them and for the abandonment of which they will be held accountable, has been missed.
Therefore, those souls remain in a state of grief and pain, and as a result, the door of dread is opened upon them. At such a time, the greatest compassion towards them is that the one among the people who is closest to the deceased should perform a similar act and intend that he is doing this act on behalf of the deceased. This proves beneficial for the relative of that person, or that person performs some other act similar to it. Likewise, if a person had intended to give charity (sadaqah) but died without giving it, then his heir should give charity on his behalf. (Sharh Bukhari by Maulana Dawood Raz, published: 3/205, 206, with reference to Hujjat Allah al-Balighah)
Source: Musnad Ishaq bin Rahwayh, Page: 430
