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مسند اسحاق بن راهويه
Musnad Ishaq
كتاب الصومBook of Fasting
Virtue of fasting three days each month besides Ramadan
Hadith 397
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، نا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ، عَنْ عَبَّاسٍ الْجُرَيْرِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي عُثْمَانَ النَّهْدِيِّ، قَالَ: تَضَيَّفْتُ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ سَبْعًا، وَكَانَ هُوَ وَامْرَأَتُهُ وَخَادِمُهُ يَعْتَقِبُونَ اللَّيْلَ أَثْلَاثًا، يَقُومُ هَذَا وَيَنَامُ هَذَا، وَيَقُومُ هَذَا وَيَنَامُ هَذَا، وَسَمِعْتُ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ يَقُولُ: قَسَّمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ تَمْرًا فَأَصَابَنِي سَبْعَ تَمَرَاتٍ، فَكَانَ فِيهِ حَشَفَةٌ، مَا كَانَ شَيْءٌ أَحَبَّ إِلَيَّ مِنْهَا شَدَّتْ فِي مَضَاغِي، قَالَ: سُلَيْمَانُ: أَيْ كَانَ لَهَا قُوَّةٌ، قَالَ: فَقُلْتُ يَا أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ، فَكَيْفَ تَصُومُ الشَّهْرَ؟ فَقَالَ: أَصُومُ مِنْ أَوَّلِ الشَّهْرِ ثَلَاثًا، فَإِنْ حَدَثَ بِي حَدَثٌ كَانَ لِي أَجْرُ شَهْرِي.
Abu Uthman al-Nahdi narrated: I hosted Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) for seven days; with him were his wife and his servant. They had assigned turns for the third parts of the night: one would stand (in prayer) while the other slept, and when this one stood, the other would sleep. And I heard Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him) say: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) distributed dates, and my share was seven dates. Among them was one spoiled, dry date, and it was the most beloved to me; it made my chewing of the dates stronger. Sulaiman said: That is, it had strength. The narrator said: I asked, "Abu Hurairah! How do you fast in the month?" He replied: "I fast three days at the beginning of the month, so if any issue arises for me, I have the reward for the whole month."
Explanation & Benefits
Hafiz Abdush Shakoor Tirmidhi
Benefits:
From the mentioned hadith, it is established that the household of Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah radi Allahu anhu and his own eagerness for the worship of Allah Dhul-Jalal are proven. It is understood that he radi Allahu anhu had a special passion for worship and the remembrance of Allah. It is also evident that he radi Allahu anhu was not negligent towards his family and dependents, such that he himself would worship but would not care about his family, as is the situation nowadays where the father is affiliated with Hizbullah and the son is affiliated with Hizb al-Shaytan. The command of Allah is: ﴿وَاْمُرْ اَهْلَكَ بِالصَّلٰوةِ وَ اصْطَبِرْ عَلَیْهَا﴾ ().... “Command your family to establish prayer and be steadfast upon it.” In the mentioned hadith, there is mention of the distribution of dates.
The purpose of this is to show that during the Prophetic era, the economic conditions were extremely constrained. Yet, despite this, the noble Companions radi Allahu anhum remained steadfast upon the religion of Islam; if there was hardship, they were patient, and if they received abundance, they expressed gratitude to Allah Dhul-Jalal, meaning they remained content in every circumstance.
It is understood that the three fasts (sawm) in a month may be observed whenever one wishes—at the beginning, in the middle, or at the end of the month—but the most virtuous are the fasts of the white days (Ayyam al-Beed). These are the three fasts which the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam advised Abu Hurairah radi Allahu anhu to observe. In some narrations, it is mentioned: “I observe them at the end of the month,” and the wording “Akhiru Shahri” is transmitted. Whereas in the above-mentioned narration, the wording “Ajru Shahri” is transmitted.
From the mentioned hadith, it is established that the household of Sayyiduna Abu Hurairah radi Allahu anhu and his own eagerness for the worship of Allah Dhul-Jalal are proven. It is understood that he radi Allahu anhu had a special passion for worship and the remembrance of Allah. It is also evident that he radi Allahu anhu was not negligent towards his family and dependents, such that he himself would worship but would not care about his family, as is the situation nowadays where the father is affiliated with Hizbullah and the son is affiliated with Hizb al-Shaytan. The command of Allah is: ﴿وَاْمُرْ اَهْلَكَ بِالصَّلٰوةِ وَ اصْطَبِرْ عَلَیْهَا﴾ ().... “Command your family to establish prayer and be steadfast upon it.” In the mentioned hadith, there is mention of the distribution of dates.
The purpose of this is to show that during the Prophetic era, the economic conditions were extremely constrained. Yet, despite this, the noble Companions radi Allahu anhum remained steadfast upon the religion of Islam; if there was hardship, they were patient, and if they received abundance, they expressed gratitude to Allah Dhul-Jalal, meaning they remained content in every circumstance.
It is understood that the three fasts (sawm) in a month may be observed whenever one wishes—at the beginning, in the middle, or at the end of the month—but the most virtuous are the fasts of the white days (Ayyam al-Beed). These are the three fasts which the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam advised Abu Hurairah radi Allahu anhu to observe. In some narrations, it is mentioned: “I observe them at the end of the month,” and the wording “Akhiru Shahri” is transmitted. Whereas in the above-mentioned narration, the wording “Ajru Shahri” is transmitted.
Source: Musnad Ishaq bin Rahwayh, Page: 397
