مسند الإمام الشافعي
Musnad Imam Shafi'i
كتاب الجهاد وقسم الغنائمChapter 30
بَابُ الْغَزْوِ بِالنِّسَاءِ وَحَذْوِهِنَّ مِنَ الْغَنِيمَةِ
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Hadith 1763
أَخْبَرَنَا الشَّافِعِيُّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْعَزِيزِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ [ ص: 45 ] مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ هُرْمُزَ: أَنَّ نَجْدَةَ كَتَبَ إِلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا: هَلْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَغْزُو بِالنِّسَاءِ؟ وَهَلْ كَانَ يَضْرِبُ لَهُنَّ بِسَهْمٍ؟ فَقَالَ: قَدْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَغْزُو بِالنِّسَاءِ فَيُدَاوِينَ الْجَرْحَى، وَلَمْ يَكُنْ يُضْرَبُ لَهُنَّ بِسَهْمٍ، وَلَكِنْ يُحْذَيْنَ مِنَ الْغَنِيمَةِ.
It is narrated from Yazid bin Hurmaz that Najdah wrote a letter to Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) asking: Did the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) allow women to participate in battles? And was any share (from the spoils of war) fixed for them? Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) replied that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) used to bring women along in battles; they would treat the wounded, and he (ﷺ) did not allocate any fixed share for them, but he would certainly give them something from the spoils.
Hadith 1764
أَخْبَرَنَا حَاتِمُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ، يَعْنِي: ابْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ هُرْمُزَ: أَنَّ نَجْدَةَ كَتَبَ إِلَى ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ يَسْأَلُهُ عَنْ خِلَالٍ. فَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ: إِنَّ نَاسًا يَقُولُونَ: إِنَّ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ يُكَاتِبُ الْحَرُورِيَّةَ، وَلَوْلَا أَنِّي أَخَافُ أَنْ أَكْتُمَ عِلْمًا لَمْ أَكْتُبْ إِلَيْهِ، فَكَتَبَ نَجْدَةُ إِلَيْهِ: أَمَّا بَعْدُ، فَأَخْبِرْنِي هَلْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَغْزُو بِالنِّسَاءِ؟ وَهَلْ كَانَ يَضْرِبُ لَهُنَّ بِسَهْمٍ؟ وَهَلْ كَانَ يَقْتُلُ الصِّبْيَانَ؟ وَمَتَى يَنْقَضِي يُتْمُ الْيَتِيمِ؟ وَعَنِ الْخُمُسِ لِمَنْ هُوَ؟ فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: إِنَّكَ كَتَبْتَ إِلَيَّ تَسْأَلُنِي: هَلْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَغْزُو بِالنِّسَاءِ؟ وَقَدْ كَانَ يَغْزُو بِهِنَّ فَيُدَاوِينَ الْمَرْضَى وَيُحْذَيْنَ مِنَ الْغَنِيمَةِ. وَأَمَّا السَّهْمُ فَلَمْ يَضْرِبْ لَهُنَّ بِسَهْمٍ، وَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَمْ يَقْتُلِ الْوِلْدَانَ فَلَا تَقْتُلْهُمْ، إِلَّا أَنْ تَكُونَ تَعْلَمُ مِنْهُمْ مَا عَلِمَ الْخَضِرُ مِنَ الصَّبِيِّ الَّذِي قُتِلَ فَتُمَيِّزَ بَيْنَ الْمُؤْمِنِ وَالْكَافِرِ، فَتَقْتُلَ الْكَافِرَ وَتَدَعَ الْمُؤْمِنَ وَكَتَبْتَ مَتَى يَنْقَضِي يُتْمُ الْيَتِيمِ؟ وَلَعَمْرِي إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ لَتَشِيبُ لِحْيَتُهُ وَإِنَّهُ لَضَعِيفُ الْأَخْذِ ضَعِيفُ الْإِعْطَاءِ، فَإِذَا أَخَذَ لِنَفْسِهِ مِنْ صَالِحِ مَا يَأْخُذُ النَّاسُ فَقَدْ ذَهَبَ عَنْهُ الْيُتْمُ. وَكَتَبْتَ تَسْأَلُنِي عَنِ الْخُمُسِ، وَإِنَّا نَقُولُ هُوَ لَنَا، فَأَبَى ذَلِكَ عَلَيْنَا قَوْمُنَا فَصَبَرْنَا عَلَيْهِ. [ ص: 46 ] أَخْرَجَ الْأَوَّلَ مِنْ كِتَابِ الْجِزْيَةِ، وَهُوَ أَوَّلُ حَدِيثٍ فِيهِ، وَالثَّانِي مِنْ كِتَابِ الْأُسَارَى وَالْغُلُولِ.
It is narrated from Yazid bin Hurmaz that Najdah wrote a letter to Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) asking him some questions. So Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: People say that Ibn Abbas writes to the Haruriyyah, and if I did not fear the punishment for concealing knowledge, I would never have written to him. Najdah had written to him saying: After praise and thanks, tell me, did the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) take women along in battle? And did he give them a share (from the spoils of war)? And did he (ﷺ) kill children? When does the orphanhood of an orphan end? And whose is the khums (one-fifth share)? So Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) wrote to him (in reply): You wrote to me and asked me whether the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) used to take women along in battle? And he (ﷺ) used to take them along, and they would treat the sick, and they would be given something (as a reward) from the spoils, but a separate share was not allocated for them. And the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) did not kill (the disbelievers’) children, so do not kill them either, unless you have the knowledge about a child like Khidr (peace be upon him) had when he killed the child, by which you can distinguish between a believer and a disbeliever, and thus kill the disbeliever and spare the believer. And you wrote asking when the orphanhood of an orphan ends? By the One Who gave me life! Sometimes a man’s beard grows, yet he has neither the sense to take nor to give, but when he begins to speak wisely for his own benefit as people do, then his orphanhood has ended. And you wrote asking me about the khums, so we say that the khums is for us, but our people did not accept that, so we have been patient over it.
