مسند الإمام الشافعي
Musnad Imam Shafi'i
كتاب الجهاد وقسم الغنائمChapter 30
بَابُ قَسْمِ الْمَغْنَمِ
Subchapter
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Hadith 1749
أَخْبَرَنَا الشَّافِعِيُّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا الثِّقَةُ مِنْ أَصْحَابِنَا، عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ الْأَزْرَقِ الْوَاسِطِيِّ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا: أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ضَرَبَ لِلْفَرَسِ بِسَهْمَيْنِ وَلِلْفَارِسِ بِسَهْمٍ.
It is narrated from Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) that the Prophet (ﷺ) allotted two shares for a horse and one share for its owner from the spoils of war.
Hadith 1750
أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ عَبَّادِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ: أَنَّ الزُّبَيْرَ بْنَ الْعَوَّامِ كَانَ يَضْرِبُ فِي الْمَغْنَمِ بِأَرْبَعَةِ أَسْهُمٍ: سَهْمٍ لَهُ وَسَهْمَيْنِ لِفَرَسِهِ وَسَهْمٍ فِي ذِي الْقُرْبَى. قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ: يَعْنِي، وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ، بِسَهْمِ ذِي الْقُرْبَى سَهْمَ صَفِيَّةَ أُمِّهِ، وَقَدْ شَكَّ سُفْيَانُ، أَحْفَظُهُ عَنْ هِشَامٍ، عَنْ يَحْيَى سَمَاعًا، وَلَمْ يَشُكَّ سُفْيَانُ أَنَّهُ مِنْ حَدِيثِ هِشَامٍ، عَنْ يَحْيَى هُوَ وَلَا غَيْرُهُ مِمَّنْ حَفِظَهُ عَنْ هِشَامٍ.
It is narrated from Yahya bin ‘Abbad bin ‘Abdullah bin Zubair (may Allah be pleased with him) that Zubair bin al-‘Awwam used to take four shares from the spoils of war: one share for himself, two shares for his horse, and one share for the relatives (Dhi al-Qurba). Imam Shafi‘i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: That is, and Allah knows best, by the share of kinship is meant the share of his mother, Safiyyah (may Allah be pleased with her). Sufyan was uncertain whether he had memorized this statement from Hisham by hearing it directly. Sufyan had no doubt that this is a hadith of Hisham through Yahya, nor did he or anyone else who memorized from Hisham have any doubt about it.
Hadith 1751
أَخْبَرَنَا مُطَرِّفُ بْنُ مَازِنٍ، عَنْ مَعْمَرِ بْنِ رَاشِدٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جُبَيْرِ بْنِ مُطْعِمٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: لَمَّا قَسَمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ سَهْمَ ذِي الْقُرْبَى بَيْنَ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ وَبَنِي الْمُطَّلِبِ أَتَيْتُهُ أَنَا وَعُثْمَانُ بْنُ عَفَّانَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ، فَقُلْنَا: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، هَؤُلَاءِ إِخْوَانُنَا مِنْ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ لَا نُنْكِرُ فَضْلَهُمْ لِمَكَانِكَ الَّذِي وَضَعَكَ اللَّهُ بِهِ مِنْهُمْ، [ ص: 38 ] أَرَأَيْتَ إِخْوَانَنَا مِنْ بَنِي الْمُطَّلِبِ أَعْطَيْتَهُمْ وَتَرَكْتَنَا أَوْ مَنَعْتَنَا، وَإِنَّمَا قَرَابَتُنَا وَقَرَابَتُهُمْ وَاحِدَةٌ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: "إِنَّمَا بَنُو هَاشِمٍ وَبَنُو الْمُطَّلِبِ شَيْءٌ وَاحِدٌ هَكَذَا" . وَشَبَّكَ بَيْنَ أَصَابِعِهِ.
Jubair bin Mut'im (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated that when the Messenger of Allah ﷺ distributed the share of close relatives among Banu Hashim and Banu Muttalib, I and Uthman bin Affan (may Allah be pleased with him) came to him. We said: O Messenger of Allah ﷺ! These are our brothers from Banu Hashim; we do not deny their virtue because Allah has placed you among them, but what is your opinion about our brothers from Banu Muttalib that you gave them the share of kinship and left us out or prevented us, even though our relationship to you is the same as theirs? The Messenger of Allah ﷺ replied: "Banu Hashim and Banu Muttalib are one and the same." And he interlaced his fingers together.
Hadith 1752
أَخْبَرَنَا، أَحْسَبُهُ دَاوُدَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْعَطَّارَ، عَنِ ابْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ، عَنْ يُونُسَ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ جُبَيْرِ بْنِ مُطْعِمٍ. قَالَ الْقَاضِي أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْحِيرِيُّ: وَفِي نُسْخَةِ أُخْرَى، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنِ ابْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ، عَنْ جُبَيْرِ بْنِ مُطْعِمٍ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِثْلَ مَعْنَاهُ.
In one chain, it is narrated from Jubair bin Mut’im (may Allah be pleased with him) through Zuhri (may Allah have mercy on him). And in another version, it is narrated from Zuhri, from Ibn Musayyib, from Jubair bin Mut’im, from the Prophet ﷺ, with the same meaning as the previous hadith.
Hadith 1753
أَخْبَرَنَا الثِّقَةُ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ، عَنْ جُبَيْرِ بْنِ مُطْعِمٍ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِثْلَ مَعْنَاهُ. [ ص: 39 ] قَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ: فَذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لِمُطَرِّفِ بْنِ مَازِنٍ: أَنَّ يُونُسَ وَابْنَ إِسْحَاقَ رَوَيَا حَدِيثِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا مَعْمَرٌ كَمَا وَصَفْتُ، فَلَعَلَّ ابْنَ شِهَابٍ رَوَاهُ عَنْهُمَا مَعًا.
With another chain of narration, a hadith with the same meaning as the previous one is narrated from the Prophet ﷺ through Jubair bin Mut’im (may Allah be pleased with him). Imam Shafi’i (may Allah have mercy on him) said: I mentioned this matter to Mutarrif bin Mazin, that both Yunus and Ibn Ishaq narrated the hadith of Ibn Shihab from Ibn Musayyib. So he said: Ma’mar narrated the hadith to us just as I narrated, and perhaps Ibn Shihab narrated it to both of them at the same time.
Hadith 1754
أَخْبَرَنَا عَمِّي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ شَافِعٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحُسَيْنِ، عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِثْلَهُ، وَزَادَ: لَعَنَ اللَّهُ مَنْ فَرَّقَ بَيْنَ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ وَبَنِي الْمُطَّلِبِ.
It is narrated from Ali bin Hussain, may Allah have mercy on him, that he reports from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in the same manner. And he added these words: "May Allah's curse be upon the one who creates division between Banu Hashim and Banu Muttalib."
Hadith 1755
أَخْبَرَنَا الثِّقَةُ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ، عَنْ جُبَيْرِ بْنِ مُطْعِمٍ، قَالَ: قَسَمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ سَهْمَ ذِي الْقُرْبَى بَيْنَ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ وَبَنِي الْمُطَّلِبِ وَلَمْ يُعْطِ مِنْهُ أَحَدًا مِنْ بَنِي عَبْدِ شَمْسٍ وَلَا بَنِي نَوْفَلٍ شَيْئًا.
It is narrated from Jubair bin Mut'im (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) distributed the share of kinship among Banu Hashim and Banu Muttalib, and did not give anything from it to any man from Banu Abd Shams or Banu Nawfal.
Hadith 1756
أَخْبَرَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ مَطَرٍ الْوَرَّاقِ وَرَجُلٍ لَمْ يُسَمِّهِ، كِلَاهُمَا عَنِ الْحَكَمِ بْنِ عُتَيْبَةَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي لَيْلَى، قَالَ: لَقِيتُ عَلِيًّا رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ عِنْدَ أَحْجَارِ الزَّيْتِ، فَقُلْتُ لَهُ: بِأَبِي وَأُمِّي مَا فَعَلَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا فِي حَقِّكُمْ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ مِنَ الْخُمُسِ؟ فَقَالَ: عَلِيٌّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ: أَمَّا أَبُو بَكْرٍ، رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ، فَلَمْ يَكُنْ فِي زَمَانِهِ أَخْمَاسٌ، وَمَا كَانَ فَقَدْ أَوْفَانَاهُ. وَأَمَّا عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فَلَمْ يَزَلْ يُعْطِينَاهُ حَتَّى جَاءَهُ مَالُ السُّوسِ وَالْأَهْوَازِ، أَوْ قَالَ: الْأَهْوَازِ، أَوْ قَالَ: فَارِسَ، أَنَا أَشُكُّ، يَعْنِي الشَّافِعِيَّ، فَقَالَ: فِي [ ص: 40 ] حَدِيثِ مَطَرٍ أَوْ حَدِيثِ الْآخَرِ، فَقَالَ: فِي الْمُسْلِمِينَ خَلَّةٌ، فَإِنْ أَحْبَبْتُمْ تَرَكْتُمْ حَقَّكُمْ فَجَعَلْنَاهُ فِي خَلَّةِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ حَتَّى يَأْتِيَنَا مَالٌ فَنُوَفِّيكُمْ حَقَّكُمْ مِنْهُ، فَقَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ لِعَلِيٍّ: أَتُطْمِعُهُ فِي حَقِّنَا، فَقُلْتُ لَهُ: يَا أَبَا الْفَضْلِ أَلَسْنَا أَحَقَّ مَنْ أَجَابَ أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَرَفَعَ خَلَّةَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ؟ فَتُوُفِّيَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَأْتِيَهُ مَالٌ فَيَقْضِينَاهُ. وَقَالَ: الْحَكَمُ فِي حَدِيثِ مَطَرٍ وَالْآخَرِ: إِنَّ عُمَرَ قَالَ: لَكُمْ حَقٌّ: وَلَا يَبْلُغُ عِلْمِي إِذْ كَثُرَ أَنْ يَكُونَ لَكُمْ كُلُّهُ فَإِنْ شِئْتُمْ أَعْطَيْتُكُمْ مِنْهُ بِقَدَرِ مَا أَرَى لَكُمْ، فَأَبَيْنَا عَلَيْهِ إِلَّا كُلَّهُ فَأَبَى أَنْ يُعْطِيَنَا.
Abdur Rahman bin Abi Laila narrated that I met Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) near Ahjar az-Zayt (this is the name of a place in Madinah), so I asked him: "May my parents be sacrificed for you, what did Abu Bakr and Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) do regarding the right of khums for you, the Ahl al-Bayt?" So Ali (may Allah be pleased with him) replied: "As for Abu Bakr (may Allah have mercy on him), during his time there was no new wealth for khums, and whatever (already existed), he gave it to us in full. And Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) also continued to give us until the wealth of Sus and Ahwaz came to him (or he said: Ahwaz or Fars, Imam Shafi'i is in doubt). Then Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said that now there is poverty among the Muslims, so if you wish, you may forgo your right and we will spend it to relieve the Muslims' need until more wealth comes to us and we can fulfill your right from it." Then Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) said to Ali (may Allah be pleased with him): "Are you making them covetous of our right?" So I said to him: "O Abu al-Fadl! Are we not more deserving to obey the Commander of the Faithful and to relieve the Muslims' poverty?" Then Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) passed away before any wealth came to him and he could pay us. Hakam and another narrator said in the hadith of Matar that Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "You have a right, but I do not know, when this wealth becomes abundant, is all of it for you? If you wish, I will give you as much as I consider to be your right." (Ali, may Allah be pleased with him, said) We refused except that all of it be given to us, so Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) also refused to give it to us.
Hadith 1757
أَخْبَرَنَا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ دِينَارٍ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ أَوْسٍ أَنَّ عُمَرَ قَالَ: مَا أَحَدٌ إِلَّا وَلَهُ فِي هَذَا الْمَالِ حَقٌّ أُعْطِيَهُ أَوْ مُنِعَهُ إِلَّا مَا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ.
It is narrated from Malik bin Aws that Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Everyone has a right to this wealth, whether it has been given to him or withheld from him, except for your slaves."
Hadith 1758
أَخْبَرَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْمُنْكَدِرِ، عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ أَوْسٍ، عَنْ عُمَرَ، نَحْوَهُ، وَقَالَ: لَئِنْ عِشْتُ لَيَأْتِيَنَّ الرَّاعِي بِسَرْوِ حِمْيَرَ حَقُّهُ. أَخْرَجَ الْعَشَرَةَ الْأَحَادِيثَ، وَقَوْلَ الشَّافِعِيِّ مِنْ كِتَابِ قِسْمَةِ الْفَيْءِ.
It is narrated from Malik bin Aws through Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) in the same manner, and (further) he said: "If I remain alive, even the shepherd of Sir Himyar will receive his due."
