مسند الإمام الشافعي
Musnad Imam Shafi'i
كتاب العتق والولاء والمدبر والمكاتب وحسن الملكةChapter 13
بَابُ إِنَّمَا الْوَلَاءُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ
Subchapter
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Hadith 1074
أَخْبَرَنَا الشَّافِعِيُّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا مَالِكٌ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا: أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ: جَاءَتْنِي بَرِيرَةُ، فَقَالَتْ: إِنِّي كَاتَبْتُ أَهْلِي عَلَى تِسْعِ أَوَاقٍ فِي كُلِّ عَامٍ أُوقِيَّةٌ فَأَعِينِينِي، فَقَالَتْ لَهَا عَائِشَةُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا: إِنْ أَحَبَّ أَهْلُكِ أَنْ أَعُدَّهَا لَهُمْ [ ص: 12 ] عَدَدْتُهَا، وَيَكُونَ وَلَاؤُكِ لِي فَعَلْتُ، فَذَهَبَتْ بَرِيرَةُ إِلَى أَهْلِهَا، فَقَالَتْ لَهُمْ ذَلِكَ فَأَبَوْا عَلَيْهَا فَجَاءَتْ مِنْ عِنْدِ أَهْلِهَا وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ جَالِسٌ، فَقَالَتْ: إِنِّي عَرَضْتُ عَلَيْهِمْ فَأَبَوْا إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ لَهُمُ الْوَلَاءُ، فَسَمِعَ ذَلِكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَسَأَلَهَا النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَخْبَرَتْهُ عَائِشَةُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا، فَقَالَ لَهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: "خُذِيهَا وَاشْتَرِطِي لَهُمُ الْوَلَاءَ، فَإِنَّمَا الْوَلَاءُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ" . فَفَعَلَتْ عَائِشَةُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا، ثُمَّ قَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي النَّاسِ فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى وَأَثْنَى [ ص: 13 ] عَلَيْهِ ثُمَّ قَالَ: "أَمَّا بَعْدُ، فَمَا بَالُ رِجَالٍ يَشْتَرِطُونَ شُرُوطًا لَيْسَتْ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى، مَا كَانَ مِنْ شَرْطٍ لَيْسَ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ فَهُوَ بَاطِلٌ، وَإِنْ كَانَ مِائَةَ شَرْطٍ، قَضَاءُ اللَّهِ أَحَقُّ، وَشَرْطُهُ أَوْثَقُ، وَإِنَّمَا الْوَلَاءُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ" .
Narrated from Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her), she said: Barirah (may Allah be pleased with her) came to me and said: "I have entered into a contract of manumission with my masters for nine uqiyah of silver, to be paid in installments of one uqiyah per year, so please help me." Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) said to her: "If your masters wish that I pay them this amount, I am ready to do so, but your freedom will be attributed to me." Barirah (may Allah be pleased with her) went to her masters and told them this, but they refused. She returned from her masters while the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) was present, and she said: "I presented this to them but they refused to accept it unless the wala’ (right of inheritance/loyalty) would be for them." When the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) heard this, he asked her about the whole matter, and Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) informed him. Then the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said to her: "Buy her and stipulate the condition of wala’ for them, for wala’ is only for the one who sets free." So Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) did so. Then the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) stood among the people, praised and glorified Allah, and then said: "What is the matter with some people who stipulate conditions that are not in the Book of Allah? Any condition that is not in the Book of Allah is invalid, even if there are a hundred such conditions. The decision of Allah is truer and His condition is stronger, and indeed, wala’ is for the one who sets free."
Hadith 1075
أَخْبَرَنَا مَالِكٌ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ عَمْرَةَ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا بِمِثْلِهِ.
It is narrated in a similar manner through another chain from Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her).
Hadith 1076
أَخْبَرَنَا مَالِكٌ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا: أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: "إِنَّمَا الْوَلَاءُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ" .
Narrated Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her): The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Indeed, the right of wala' belongs to the one who sets free."
Hadith 1077
أَخْبَرَنَا مَالِكٌ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا، أَنَّهَا أَرَادَتْ أَنْ تَشْتَرِيَ جَارِيَةً تُعْتِقُهَا. فَقَالَ أَهْلُهَا: نَبِيعُكِهَا عَلَى أَنَّ وَلَاءَهَا لَنَا، فَذَكَرَتْ ذَلِكَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ: "لَا يَمْنَعُكِ ذَلِكَ فَإِنَّمَا الْوَلَاءُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ" .
It is narrated from Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them) that he reported from Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) that she bought a slave girl with the intention of freeing her. Her owners said: "We sell her to you on the condition that her wala’ (right of inheritance/loyalty) will be for us." She mentioned this to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), and he said: "Do not let this prevent you (from freeing her), for wala’ belongs to the one who sets free."
Hadith 1078
أَخْبَرَنَا مَالِكٌ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ عَمْرَةَ لَمْ يَقُلْ: عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا، وَذَلِكَ مُرْسَلٌ.
Yahya bin Saeed narrated from Umrah, as a mursal narration, without mentioning (Sayyidah) Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her).
Hadith 1079
أَخْبَرَنَا مَالِكٌ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا، أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ: جَاءَتْنِي بَرِيرَةُ، فَقَالَتْ: إِنِّي كَاتَبْتُ أَهْلِي عَلَى تِسْعِ أَوَاقٍ فِي كُلِّ عَامٍ أُوقِيَّةٌ فَأَعِينِينِي، فَقَالَتْ لَهَا عَائِشَةُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا: إِنْ أَحَبَّ أَهْلُكَ أَنْ أَعُدَّهَا لَهُمْ وَيَكُونُ وَلَاؤُكِ لِي فَعَلْتُ، فَذَهَبَتْ بَرِيرَةُ إِلَى أَهْلِهَا وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ جَالِسٌ فَقَالَتْ: إِنِّي عَرَضْتُ عَلَيْهِمْ فَأَبَوْا إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ الْوَلَاءُ لَهُمْ فَسَمِعَ ذَلِكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَسَأَلَهَا فَأَخْبَرَتْهُ عَائِشَةُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: "خُذِيهَا وَاشْتَرِطِي لَهُمُ الْوَلَاءَ، فَإِنَّمَا الْوَلَاءُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ" . فَفَعَلَتْ عَائِشَةُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا، ثُمَّ قَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي النَّاسِ فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى ثُمَّ قَالَ: "أَمَّا بَعْدُ، فَمَا بَالُ رِجَالٍ يَشْتَرِطُونَ شُرُوطًا لَيْسَتْ فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى، فَهُوَ بَاطِلٌ وَإِنْ كَانَ مِائَةَ شَرْطٍ، قَضَاءُ اللَّهِ أَحَقُّ وَشَرْطُهُ أَوْثَقُ، وَإِنَّمَا الْوَلَاءُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ" .
Narrated from Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her), she said: Barirah (may Allah be pleased with her) came to me and said: "I have made a contract of emancipation with my masters for nine uqiyahs of silver, paying one uqiyah each year, so please help me." Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) said to her: "If your masters wish, I am ready to give them this money, but your wala (allegiance) will be for me." Barirah (may Allah be pleased with her) went to her masters (and then returned) while the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) was present. She came and said: "I presented this matter to them, but they refused unless the wala remains with them." The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) heard this and asked her about it, so Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) told him the whole story. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Buy her and stipulate the condition of wala, for wala is for the one who sets free." So Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) did so. Then the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) stood among the people, praised Allah, and said: "What is the matter with some people who stipulate conditions which are not in Allah's Book? Any condition that is not in Allah's Book is invalid, even if there are a hundred such conditions. Allah's decision is truer and His condition is firmer, and indeed, wala is for the one who sets free."
Hadith 1080
أَخْبَرَنَا مَالِكٌ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا: أَنَّهَا أَرَادَتْ أَنْ تَشْتَرِيَ جَارِيَةً تُعْتِقُهَا فَقَالَ أَهْلُهَا: نَبِيعُكِهَا عَلَى أَنَّ وَلَاءَهَا لَنَا، فَذَكَرَتْ ذَلِكَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ: "لَا يَمْنَعُكِ ذَلِكَ إِنَّمَا الْوَلَاءُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ" .
It is narrated from Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) from Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) that she intended to buy a slave girl in order to set her free. The owner said: "We sell her to you on the condition that her wala' (right of inheritance/loyalty) will be attributed to us." When Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) mentioned this to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), he said: "Do not let this prevent you (from setting her free), and indeed, wala' belongs to the one who sets free."
Hadith 1081
أَخْبَرَنَا مَالِكٌ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ عَمْرَةَ بِنْتِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ: أَنَّ بَرِيرَةَ جَاءَتْ تَسْتَعِينُ. فَقَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا: إِنْ أَحَبَّ أَهْلُكِ أَنْ أَصُبَّ [ ص: 15 ] لَهُمْ ثَمَنَكِ صَبَّةً وَاحِدَةً وَأُعْتِقَكِ فَعَلْتُ، فَذَكَرَتْ ذَلِكَ بَرِيرَةُ لِأَهْلِهَا، فَقَالُوا: لَا، إِلَّا أَنْ يَكُونَ وَلَاؤُكِ لَنَا. قَالَ مَالِكٌ: قَالَ يَحْيَى: فَزَعَمَتْ عَمْرَةُ أَنَّ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا ذَكَرَتْ ذَلِكَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ: "لَا يَمْنَعُكِ ذَلِكَ اشْتَرِيهَا وَأَعْتِقِيهَا، إِنَّمَا الْوَلَاءُ لِمَنْ أَعْتَقَ" . أَخْرَجَ الْحَدِيثَيْنِ مِنَ الْجُزْءِ الثَّانِي مِنَ اخْتِلَافِ الْحَدِيثِ، وَالثَّالِثَ فِي كِتَابِ اخْتِلَافِ مَالِكٍ وَالشَّافِعِيِّ، وَإِلَى آخِرِ السَّادِسِ مِنْ كِتَابِ جِرَاحِ الْعَمْدِ، وَالسَّابِعَ وَالثَّامِنَ مِنْ كِتَابِ الْبَحِيرَةِ وَالسَّائِبَةِ وَهُمَا أَوَّلُ مَا فِيهِ.
It is narrated from ‘Amrah bint ‘Abd al-Rahman that Barirah (may Allah be pleased with her) came seeking help, so ‘A’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) said: “If your masters are pleased that I pay your price to them in one lump sum and set you free, I will do so.” Barirah (may Allah be pleased with her) conveyed this to her masters, but they said: “No, except that your wala’ (allegiance) will be for us.” Imam Malik (may Allah have mercy on him) said that Yahya said: ‘Amrah thinks that ‘A’ishah (may Allah be pleased with her) mentioned this to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), so he (ﷺ) said: “Do not let this (condition) prevent you (from freeing her). Buy her and set her free, for the wala’ is for the one who sets free.”
