مسند الإمام الشافعي
Musnad Imam Shafi'i
كتاب الصيامChapter 7
بَابُ صِيَامِ يَوْمِ عَاشُورَاءَ
Subchapter
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Hadith 628
أَخْبَرَنَا الشَّافِعِيُّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي فُدَيْكٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي ذِئْبٍ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا: قَالَتْ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَصُومُ عَاشُورَاءَ وَيَأْمُرُ بِصِيَامِهِ.
It is narrated from Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) that she said: The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) used to fast on the 10th of Muharram and would also command (others) to fast on this day.
Hadith 629
أَخْبَرَنَا مَالِكٌ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا: أَنَّهَا قَالَتْ: كَانَ يَوْمُ عَاشُورَاءَ يَوْمًا تَصُومُهُ قُرَيْشٌ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ، وَكَانَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَصُومُهُ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ، فَلَمَّا قَدِمَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْمَدِينَةَ، صَامَهُ وَأَمَرَ بِصِيَامِهِ فَلَمَّا فُرِضَ رَمَضَانُ كَانَ هُوَ الْفَرِيضَةُ، وَتَرَكَ يَوْمَ عَاشُورَاءَ فَمَنْ شَاءَ صَامَهُ، وَمَنْ شَاءَ تَرَكَهُ.
It is narrated from Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) that she said: In the days of ignorance, the Quraysh used to fast on the day of Ashura, and the Prophet (ﷺ) also used to fast. When the Prophet (ﷺ) came to Madinah, he also fasted on that day and ordered the people to fast on that day. When fasting in Ramadan was made obligatory, these (fasts of Ramadan) became obligatory and he abandoned (the fast of the day of Ashura), and said: "Whoever wishes may fast on this day, and whoever wishes may leave it."
Hadith 630
أَخْبَرَنَا سُفْيَانُ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنَ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ يَوْمَ عَاشُورَاءَ وَهُوَ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ مِنْبَرِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَقَدْ أَخْرَجَ مِنْ كُمِّهِ قَبْضَةً مِنْ شَعَرٍ يَقُولُ: أَيْنَ عُلَمَاؤُكُمْ يَا أَهْلَ الْمَدِينَةِ؟ لَقَدْ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَنْهَى عَنْ مِثْلِ هَذِهِ، وَيَقُولُ: إِنَّمَا هَلَكَتْ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ حِينَ اتَّخَذَهَا نِسَاؤُهُمْ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي مِثْلِ هَذَا الْيَوْمِ يَقُولُ: "إِنِّي صَائِمٌ فَمَنْ شَاءَ مِنْكُمْ فَلْيَصُمْ" .
Humaid bin Abdur Rahman narrates that I heard Muawiyah bin Abi Sufyan (may Allah be pleased with him) on the day of Ashura while he was seated on the pulpit of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. He took out a handful of hair from his sleeve and was saying, "O people of Medina! Where are your scholars? I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbidding such practices and saying, 'Indeed, the Children of Israel were destroyed when their women began to do this.'" Then he said: "I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ regarding this day, he said: 'I am fasting today, so whoever among you wishes may fast.'"
Hadith 631
أَخْبَرَنَا مَالِكٌ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ: أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنَ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ عَامَ حَجَّ وَهُوَ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ، يَقُولُ: يَا أَهْلَ الْمَدِينَةِ، أَيْنَ عُلَمَاؤُكُمْ؟ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ لِمِثْلِ هَذَا الْيَوْمِ يَوْمِ عَاشُورَاءَ: "لَمْ يَكْتُبِ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكُمْ صِيَامَهُ، فَأَنَا صَائِمٌ فَمَنْ شَاءَ مِنْكُمْ فَلْيَصُمْ وَمَنْ شَاءَ فَلْيُفْطِرْ" .
It is narrated from Humaid bin Abdur Rahman that he heard Muawiyah bin Abi Sufyan (may Allah be pleased with him) in the year he performed Hajj, while he was delivering a sermon from the pulpit. He said: O people of Madinah! Where are your scholars? I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) on this very day, the Day of Ashura, say: "Fasting on this day has not been made obligatory by Allah upon you, but I am fasting. Whoever among you wishes may fast, and whoever wishes may break his fast."
Hadith 632
أَخْبَرَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ حَسَّانٍ، عَنِ اللَّيْثِ، يَعْنِي: ابْنَ سَعْدٍ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، قَالَ: ذُكِرَ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: يَوْمُ عَاشُورَاءَ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: "كَانَ يَوْمًا يَصُومُهُ أَهْلُ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ، فَمَنْ أَحَبَّ مِنْكُمْ أَنْ يَصُومَهُ فَلْيَصُمْهُ، وَمَنْ كَرِهَهُ فَلْيَدَعْهُ" .
It is narrated from Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) that he stated: The fast of the day of Ashura was mentioned to the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ), so the Prophet (ﷺ) said: "The people of ignorance used to fast on this day. Whoever among you wishes to fast on this day may do so, and whoever dislikes it may leave it."
Hadith 633
أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ: أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ عُبَيْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ أَبِي يَزِيدَ، يَقُولُ: سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ يَقُولُ: مَا عَلِمْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ صَامَ يَوْمًا يَتَحَرَّى صِيَامَهُ عَلَى الْأَيَّامِ إِلَّا هَذَا الْيَوْمَ، يَعْنِي: يَوْمَ عَاشُورَاءَ. أَخْرَجَ السِّتَّةَ الْأَحَادِيثَ مِنْ كِتَابِ اخْتِلَافِ الْحَدِيثِ.
Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) narrates: I do not know that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) specifically intended to fast on any day other than the Day of Ashura.
