مسند الإمام الشافعي
Musnad Imam Shafi'i
كتاب الجنائزChapter 6
بَابُ الْبُكَاءِ قَبْلَ الْمَوْتِ وَبَعْدَهُ وَالنَّهْيِ عَنْهُ إِذَا مَاتَ وَأَنَّ الْكَافِرَ لِيُعَذَّبُ بِبُكَاءِ أَهْلِهِ
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Hadith 555
أَخْبَرَنَا الشَّافِعِيُّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنَا مَالِكٌ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَتِيكٍ، عَنْ عَتِيكِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ عَتِيكٍ أَخْبَرَهُ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَتِيكٍ: [ ص: 77 ] أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ جَاءَ يَعُودُ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ ثَابِتٍ فَوَجَدَهُ قَدْ غُلِبَ، فَصَاحَ بِهِ فَلَمْ يُجِبْهُ فَاسْتَرْجَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَقَالَ: غُلِبْنَا عَلَيْكَ يَا أَبَا الرَّبِيعِ، فَصَاحَ النِّسْوَةُ وَبَكَيْنَ، فَجَعَلَ ابْنُ عَتِيكٍ يُسْكِتُهُنَّ. فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: "دَعْهُنَّ فَإِذَا وَجَبَ فَلَا تَبْكِيَنَّ بَاكِيَةٌ" ، قَالَ: وَمَا الْوُجُوبُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ؟ قَالَ: "إِذَا مَاتَ" .
It is narrated from Abdullah bin Atiq (may Allah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) came to visit Abdullah bin Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him) when he was ill, and found him unconscious. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) called out to him loudly, but he did not respond. So the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) recited: “Indeed we belong to Allah, and indeed to Him we will return” and said: “O Abu Rabi’, we are overcome in your matter (the decision of Allah has prevailed).” The women began to cry loudly with wailing. Abdullah bin Atiq (may Allah be pleased with him) started to silence them, but the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Leave them; when it becomes obligatory, then let no wailing woman wail.” Ibn Atiq (may Allah be pleased with him) asked: O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), what has become obligatory? He (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “When he passes away.”
Hadith 556
أَخْبَرَنَا مَالِكُ بْنُ أَنَسٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَمْرَةَ: أَنَّهَا سَمِعَتْ عَائِشَةَ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَذَكَرَ لَهَا أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ يَقُولُ: إِنَّ الْمَيِّتَ لَيُعَذَّبُ بِبُكَاءِ الْحَيِّ عَلَيْهِ، فَقَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ: أَمَا إِنَّهُ لَمْ يَكْذِبْ، وَلَكِنَّهُ أَخْطَأَ أَوْ نَسِيَ، إِنَّمَا مَرَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى يَهُودِيَّةٍ وَهِيَ يَبْكِي عَلَيْهَا أَهْلُهَا، فَقَالَ: "إِنَّهُمْ لَيَبْكُونَ عَلَيْهَا، وَإِنَّهَا لَتُعَذَّبُ فِي قَبْرِهَا" .
It is narrated from 'Umrah that she heard from 'Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her). She was told that Abdullah bin 'Umar says that the deceased is punished because of the weeping of his family members. 'Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) said: He has not lied, but he has made a mistake. In fact, the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) passed by a Jewish woman while her family was weeping over her, so he (ﷺ) said: They are weeping over her while she is being punished in her grave.
Hadith 557
أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الْمَجِيدِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ، عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ، قَالَ: أَخْبَرَنِي ابْنُ أَبِي مُلَيْكَةَ، قَالَ: تُوُفِّيَتِ ابْنَةٌ لِعُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ بِمَكَّةَ، فَجِئْنَا نَشْهَدُهَا، وَحَضَرَهَا ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ وَابْنُ عُمَرَ، فَقَالَ: إِنِّي جَالِسٌ بَيْنَهُمَا جَلَسْتُ إِلَى أَحَدِهِمَا ثُمَّ جَاءَ الْآخَرُ [ ص: 78 ] فَجَلَسَ إِلَيَّ، فَقَالَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ لِعَمْرِو بْنِ عُثْمَانَ: أَلَا تَنْهَى عَنِ الْبُكَاءِ؟ فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: "إِنَّ الْمَيِّتَ لَيُعَذَّبُ بِبُكَاءِ أَهْلِهِ عَلَيْهِ" ، فَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: قَدْ كَانَ عُمَرُ يَقُولُ بَعْضَ ذَلِكَ ثُمَّ حَدَّثَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ، فَقَالَ: صَدَرْتُ مَعَ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ مَنْ مَكَّةَ حَتَّى إِذَا كُنَّا بِالْبَيْدَاءِ إِذَا بِرَكْبٍ تَحْتَ ظِلِّ شَجَرَةٍ، قَالَ: فَاذْهَبْ فَانْظُرْ مَنْ هَؤُلَاءِ الرَّكْبِ؟ فَذَهَبْتُ فَإِذَا صُهَيْبٌ. قَالَ: ادْعُهُ فَرَجَعْتُ إِلَى صُهَيْبٍ، فَقُلْتُ: ارْتَحِلْ فَالْحَقْ بِأَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، فَلَمَّا أُصِيبَ عُمَرُ سَمِعْتُ صُهَيْبًا يَبْكِي وَيَقُولُ: وَا أُخَيَّاهُ وَا صَاحِبَاهُ، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ: يَا صُهَيْبُ أَتَبْكِي عَلَيَّ؟ وَقَدْ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: "إِنَّ الْمَيِّتَ لَيَعُذَّبُ بِبُكَاءِ أَهْلِهِ عَلَيْهِ" . قَالَ: فَلَمَّا مَاتَ عُمَرُ ذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لِعَائِشَةَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا، فَقَالَتْ: يَرْحَمُ اللَّهُ عُمَرَ، لَا وَاللَّهِ مَا حَدَّثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: إِنَّ الْمَيِّتَ لَيُعَذَّبُ بِبُكَاءِ أَهْلِهِ عَلَيْهِ، وَلَكِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: "إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَزِيدُ الْكَافِرَ عَذَابًا بِبُكَاءِ أَهْلِهِ عَلَيْهِ" فَقَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا: حَسْبُكُمُ الْقُرْآنُ وَلا تَزِرُ وَازِرَةٌ وِزْرَ أُخْرَى [الْأَنْعَامِ: 164] . وَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ: "وَاللَّهُ أَضْحَكَ وَأَبْكَى" . قَالَ: ابْنُ أَبِي مُلَيْكَةَ: فَوَاللَّهِ مَا قَالَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ مِنْ شَيْءٍ. أَخْرَجَ الْأَوَّلَ مِنْ كِتَابِ الْجَنَائِزِ وَالثَّانِيَ وَالثَّالِثَ مِنَ الْجُزْءِ الثَّانِي مِنَ اخْتِلَافِ الْحَدِيثِ.
Ibn Abi Mulaykah narrates that when the daughter of Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) passed away in Makkah, we came to attend her funeral. Ibn Umar and Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) also arrived. He said: I was sitting between the two of them. It happened that I sat next to one of them, then the other came and sat with me. Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said to Amr bin Uthman: Do you not forbid them from weeping? Because the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "The deceased is punished because of the weeping of his family over him." Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) said: Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) also used to say this, that (the deceased is punished) because of the weeping of some of the family (i.e., you did not mention the word 'some'), then he narrated the hadith and said: I was returning from Makkah with Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) until when we reached Baida, we saw some riders under the shade of a tree. Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Go and see who these riders are. I went and saw that it was Suhayb (may Allah be pleased with him). I informed Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), so he said: Go and call him. Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) says: I said, Come, the Commander of the Faithful is calling you. Then, when Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) was wounded (at the time of his martyrdom), I heard him weeping and saying, Alas, my brother! Alas, my companion! So Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: O Suhayb! Are you weeping over me? While the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "The deceased is punished because of the weeping of his family over him." Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) says: After the martyrdom of Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), I mentioned this to Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her), so she said: May Allah have mercy on Umar (may Allah be pleased with him), by Allah, the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) did not say that the deceased is punished because of the weeping of his family over him. Rather, the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) said: "Allah increases the punishment of the disbeliever because of the weeping of his family over him." Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) said: The Qur'an is sufficient for you: "No bearer of burdens will bear the burden of another." (__QUR_N__: Fatir: 18) Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) gave this evidence: "And it is Allah who makes [one] laugh and weep." (__QUR_N__: An-Najm: 43) Ibn Abi Mulaykah said: By Allah, after hearing this, Ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them both) did not reply.
