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Hadith 631

أَخْبَرَنَا مَالِكٌ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ: أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنَ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ عَامَ حَجَّ وَهُوَ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ، يَقُولُ: يَا أَهْلَ الْمَدِينَةِ، أَيْنَ عُلَمَاؤُكُمْ؟ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ لِمِثْلِ هَذَا الْيَوْمِ يَوْمِ عَاشُورَاءَ: "لَمْ يَكْتُبِ اللَّهُ عَلَيْكُمْ صِيَامَهُ، فَأَنَا صَائِمٌ فَمَنْ شَاءَ مِنْكُمْ فَلْيَصُمْ وَمَنْ شَاءَ فَلْيُفْطِرْ" .
It is narrated from Humaid bin Abdur Rahman that he heard Muawiyah bin Abi Sufyan (may Allah be pleased with him) in the year he performed Hajj, while he was delivering a sermon from the pulpit. He said: O people of Madinah! Where are your scholars? I heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) on this very day, the Day of Ashura, say: "Fasting on this day has not been made obligatory by Allah upon you, but I am fasting. Whoever among you wishes may fast, and whoever wishes may break his fast."
Hadith Reference مسند الإمام الشافعي / كتاب الصيام / 631
Hadith Takhrij اخرجه البخاري، الصوم، باب صوم يوم عاشوراء (2003) ومسلم، الصيام، باب صوم يوم عاشوراء (1129)۔