It is narrated from Salim (may Allah have mercy on him) that he states: A man from among the companions of the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) entered the mosque on Friday while Umar bin Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him) was delivering the sermon. Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "What time is this?" He replied: "O Commander of the Faithful! I returned from the market, heard the call to prayer, and performed only ablution." Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said: "Only ablution (i.e., you sufficed with ablution) while you know that the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) used to command us to perform ghusl (ritual bath)."
Hadith Referenceمسند الإمام الشافعي / كتاب الجمعة / 413
Hadith Takhrijاخرجہ البخاری، الجمعۃ، باب فضل الغسل یوم الجمعۃ... الخ (878) ومسلم، الجمعۃ، باب کتاب الجمعۃ (845)۔