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Hadith 1634
اُردوEn
أَخْبَرَنَا مُعَاذُ بْنُ مُوسَى، عَنْ بُكَيْرِ بْنِ مَعْرُوفٍ، عَنْ مُقَاتِلِ بْنِ حَيَّانَ، قَالَ مُقَاتِلٌ: أَخَذْتُ هَذَا التَّفْسِيرَ عَنْ نَفَرٍ حَفِظَ مُعَاذٌ مِنْهُمْ وَمُجَاهِدٌ وَالْحَسَنُ وَالضَّحَّاكُ بْنُ مُزَاحِمٍ فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى: فَمَنْ عُفِيَ لَهُ مِنْ أَخِيهِ شَيْءٌ فَاتِّبَاعٌ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ [الْبَقَرَةِ: 178] الْآيَةَ، قَالَ: كَانَ عَلَى أَهْلِ التَّوْرَاةِ مَنْ قَتَلَ نَفْسًا بِغَيْرِ نَفْسٍ أَنْ يُقَادَ بِهَا، وَلَا يُعْفَى عَنْهُ وَلَا تُقْبَلُ مِنْهُ الدِّيَةُ. وَفُرِضَ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْإِنْجِيلِ أَنْ يُعْفَى عَنْهُ وَلَا يُقْتَلُ وَرُخِّصَ لِأُمَّةِ مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِنْ شَاءَ قَتَلَ، وَإِنْ شَاءَ أَخَذَ الدِّيَةَ وَإِنْ شَاءَ عَفَا فَذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: ذَلِكَ تَخْفِيفٌ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ وَرَحْمَةٌ [الْبَقَرَةِ: 178] . يَقُولُ: الدِّيَةُ تَخْفِيفٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى إِذْ جَعَلَ الدِّيَةَ وَلَا يُقْتَلُ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: فَمَنِ اعْتَدَى بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فَلَهُ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ [الْبَقَرَةِ: 178] . وَقَالَ فِي قَوْلِهِ: وَلَكُمْ فِي الْقِصَاصِ حَيَاةٌ [الْبَقَرَةِ: 179] يَنْتَهِي بِهَا بَعْضُكُمْ عَنْ بَعْضٍ مَخَافَةَ أَنْ يُقْتَلَ.
Muqatil narrated that I took this interpretation from a group of memorizers, among whom were Mu’adh, Mujahid, Hasan, and Dahhak bin Muzahim. Regarding Allah Almighty’s statement, “Whoever is pardoned by his brother,” (al-Baqarah: 178), it is said that for the people of the Torah, retribution (qisas) was obligatory for anyone who killed unjustly; they were neither permitted to pardon nor to accept blood money (diyah). For the people of the Gospel, pardoning was obligatory; they could not kill in retribution. And for the Ummah of Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), a concession was given: if they wish, they may kill (in retribution), if they wish, they may accept blood money, and if they wish, they may pardon. And this is the meaning of Allah’s statement: “This is a concession and mercy from your Lord.” They say that blood money is a concession from Allah Almighty; when blood money is accepted, then killing will not take place. Then He said: “And whoever transgresses after that, for him is a painful punishment.” And regarding Allah’s statement: “In retribution there is life for you,” it is said that because of the fear of being killed in retribution, you refrain from killing one another.
