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مسند الشهاب
Musnad Shihab
Hadiths 801 to 1000
لَا يُفْلِحُ قَوْمٌ تَمْلِكُهُمُ امْرَأَةٌA people ruled by a woman will not succeed
Hadith 865
اُردوEn
865 - أنا أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ الْكِنْدِيُّ، نا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ فِرَاسٍ، نا الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ قُتَيْبَةَ، نا أَبُو عُمَيْرٍ، نا مُؤَمَّلُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، عَنْ مُبَارَكٍ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ، عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرَةَ، قَالَ: قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: وَذَكَرَهُ
Sayyiduna Abu Bakrah (may Allah be pleased with him) reports that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said . . . . . . and he narrated this hadith.
Brief Explanation
Explanation:
From this hadith, it is understood that a woman is not a ruler but rather one who is ruled, and appointing her as a ruler leads to destruction and ruin. History bears witness that during the time of the Noble Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam and then during the era of the Caliphs, never was a woman appointed as a ruler, because the task of a woman is not governance but rather the supervision of the household, serving the husband, and raising the children. And since the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam has declared the woman deficient in religion and intellect, for this reason as well, she is not qualified for government and leadership. Furthermore, these verses also support this position:
① ﴿وَلَيْسَ الذَّكَرُ كَالْأُنثَىٰ﴾ (1) "And the male is not like the female."
② ﴿الرِّجَالُ قَوَّامُونَ عَلَى النِّسَاءِ﴾ (1) "Men are in charge of women and are their protectors."
On the basis of these explicit evidences, the majority—Imam Malik, Imam Shafi'i rahimahullah—have adopted the position that a woman’s guardianship (wilayah) is not valid, whereas the Hanafis have said that except in matters of hudud (prescribed punishments), a woman’s guardianship is valid in other rulings. Their position is contrary to the text and the divine nature (fitrah) established by Allah. (1)
From this hadith, it is understood that a woman is not a ruler but rather one who is ruled, and appointing her as a ruler leads to destruction and ruin. History bears witness that during the time of the Noble Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam and then during the era of the Caliphs, never was a woman appointed as a ruler, because the task of a woman is not governance but rather the supervision of the household, serving the husband, and raising the children. And since the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam has declared the woman deficient in religion and intellect, for this reason as well, she is not qualified for government and leadership. Furthermore, these verses also support this position:
① ﴿وَلَيْسَ الذَّكَرُ كَالْأُنثَىٰ﴾ (1) "And the male is not like the female."
② ﴿الرِّجَالُ قَوَّامُونَ عَلَى النِّسَاءِ﴾ (1) "Men are in charge of women and are their protectors."
On the basis of these explicit evidences, the majority—Imam Malik, Imam Shafi'i rahimahullah—have adopted the position that a woman’s guardianship (wilayah) is not valid, whereas the Hanafis have said that except in matters of hudud (prescribed punishments), a woman’s guardianship is valid in other rulings. Their position is contrary to the text and the divine nature (fitrah) established by Allah. (1)
