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مسند الشهاب
Musnad Shihab
Hadiths 201 to 400
الْيَمِينُ عَلَى نِيَّةِ الْمُسْتَحْلِفِThe oath is according to the intention of the one who requests it
Hadith 259
اُردوEn
259 - أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ الْمُقْرِئُ قِرَاءَةً عَلَيْهِ وَأَنَا أَسْمَعُ، قَالَ: أبنا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ عُمَرُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ دَاوُدَ السِّجْزِيُّ قِرَاءَةً عَلَيْهِ، وَأَنَا أَسْمَعُ، أبنا أَبُو أَحْمَدَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عِيسَى بْنِ عَمْرَوَيْهِ الْجَلُّودِيُّ قِرَاءَةً عَلَيْهِ فَأَقَرَّ بِهِ، أبنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ سُفْيَانَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سُفْيَانَ، عَنْ مُسْلِمِ بْنِ الْحَجَّاجِ، ثنا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، ثنا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ، عَنْ هُشَيْمٍ، عَنْ عَبَّادِ بْنِ أَبِي صَالِحٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «الْيَمِينُ عَلَى نِيَّةِ الْمُسْتَحْلِفِ»
Sayyiduna Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him) reports that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The oath is according to the intention of the one who makes the other swear."
Brief Explanation
Explanation:
In this hadith, it is stated that in the matter of oaths, the intention of the one who is making another swear (the one administering the oath) will be taken into consideration. In another narration, it is stated: "Your oath will be according to the meaning upon which your companion (the one administering the oath) considers you truthful." [مسلم : 1653]
The meaning is that if someone, while taking an oath, resorts to tawriyah (dissimulation), i.e., says something with double meaning, the listener understands one meaning while the speaker intends another, then such an oath will be considered a false oath, which is a major sin.
However, if the life of an innocent Muslim is in danger, then in such a situation, it is permissible. Sayyiduna Suwayd bin Hanzalah radi Allahu anhu narrates that we set out to meet the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, and with us was Wa'il bin Hujr radi Allahu anhu. One of his enemies captured him, so the people hesitated to swear an oath (that this is not Wa'il). I swore an oath and said, "He is my brother," so the enemy released him. When we reached the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, I informed him that these people had hesitated to swear an oath, but I swore and said, "He is my brother." The Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said: "You have spoken the truth, for a Muslim is indeed the brother of a Muslim." [ابن ماجه : 2119 ، حسن]
In this hadith, it is stated that in the matter of oaths, the intention of the one who is making another swear (the one administering the oath) will be taken into consideration. In another narration, it is stated: "Your oath will be according to the meaning upon which your companion (the one administering the oath) considers you truthful." [مسلم : 1653]
The meaning is that if someone, while taking an oath, resorts to tawriyah (dissimulation), i.e., says something with double meaning, the listener understands one meaning while the speaker intends another, then such an oath will be considered a false oath, which is a major sin.
However, if the life of an innocent Muslim is in danger, then in such a situation, it is permissible. Sayyiduna Suwayd bin Hanzalah radi Allahu anhu narrates that we set out to meet the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, and with us was Wa'il bin Hujr radi Allahu anhu. One of his enemies captured him, so the people hesitated to swear an oath (that this is not Wa'il). I swore an oath and said, "He is my brother," so the enemy released him. When we reached the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, I informed him that these people had hesitated to swear an oath, but I swore and said, "He is my brother." The Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said: "You have spoken the truth, for a Muslim is indeed the brother of a Muslim." [ابن ماجه : 2119 ، حسن]
