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مسند الحميدي
Musnad Humaydi
Hadiths of Anas ibn Malik, may Allah be pleased with him
Hadith Number 1239
Hadith 1239
اُردوEn
1239 - حَدَّثَنَا الْحُمَيْدِيُّ قَالَ: ثنا سُفْيَانُ، قَالَ: ثنا عَاصِمٌ الْأَحْوَلُ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ أَنَسَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ، يَقُولُ: حَالَفَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّي اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَيْنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَالْأَنْصَارِ فِي دَارِنَا، فَقِيلَ لَهُ: أَلَيْسَ قَدْ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّي اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «لَا حِلْفَ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ» ، فَأَعَادَهَا أَنَسٌ، فَقَالَ: حَالَفَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّي اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي دَارِنَا بَيْنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَالْأَنْصَارِ قَالَ سُفْيَانُ: " فَسَّرَتْهُ الْعُلَمَاءُ: حَالَفَ: آخَي "
Sayyiduna Anas bin Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) narrates: The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) established brotherhood between the Muhajirun and the Ansar in our house. Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) was asked: Did the Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) not say: "There is no significance of alliance (hilf) in Islam"? So Sayyiduna Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated this tradition again and said: The Noble Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) established alliance (being allies to one another) between the Muhajirun and the Ansar in our house. Sufyan says: The scholars have explained this as: He established brotherhood.
Related hadith on this topic
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Muhammad Ibrahim bin Basheer
Benefit:
In the era of ignorance (Jahiliyyah), anyone could be made a confederate (halif); our Shari‘ah has prohibited this, because when someone becomes another’s confederate, he also becomes entitled to inheritance, whereas in brotherhood (mu’akhah) there is no such thing. Furthermore, it is clarified in the hadith that the confederacy (hilf) of the era of ignorance will be recognized even in the state of Islam. If someone, during the era of ignorance, made another entitled to his inheritance, and then both of them became Muslim, then considering their confederacy from the era of ignorance, the inheritance given to him will remain with him.
In the era of ignorance (Jahiliyyah), anyone could be made a confederate (halif); our Shari‘ah has prohibited this, because when someone becomes another’s confederate, he also becomes entitled to inheritance, whereas in brotherhood (mu’akhah) there is no such thing. Furthermore, it is clarified in the hadith that the confederacy (hilf) of the era of ignorance will be recognized even in the state of Islam. If someone, during the era of ignorance, made another entitled to his inheritance, and then both of them became Muslim, then considering their confederacy from the era of ignorance, the inheritance given to him will remain with him.
Source: Musnad al-Humaydi: Commentary by Muhammad Ibrahim bin Bashir, Page: 1238
Maulana Dawood Raz
Hadith Commentary:
A pact (halaf) refers to making an agreement and joining with another group, as was customary in the era of ignorance (jahiliyyah). Even now, however, if in times of necessity Muslims make treaties with other powers, it is evident that this will be permissible.
A pact (halaf) refers to making an agreement and joining with another group, as was customary in the era of ignorance (jahiliyyah). Even now, however, if in times of necessity Muslims make treaties with other powers, it is evident that this will be permissible.
Source: Sahih Bukhari: Commentary by Maulana Dawood Raz, Page: 6083
Shaykh Abdul Sattar al-Hammad
Hadith Commentary:
There is no contract of alliance (ʿaqd ḥilf) in Islam, because such a contract is intended to achieve mutual agreement, and Islam has already united all Muslims and joined their hearts together. Therefore, there is no need for a contract of alliance. However, from this hadith it is understood that the existence of a contract of alliance is present in Islam. In any case, the contract of alliance that is negated refers to the pact from the era of ignorance (Jahiliyyah), through which they would even become heirs of one another. Islam has abolished this. As for the contract of alliance mentioned in this hadith, it refers to the system of brotherhood (muʾākhāt), and the permissibility of a contract of alliance for mutual cooperation.
The contract of alliance of Islamic brotherhood and fraternity still exists.
Imam Nawawi rahimahullah says:
Islam has abolished the non-sharʿi contract of alliance, and that alliance and covenant is permissible because Islamic brotherhood and helping the oppressed, etc., are praiseworthy matters in Islam. Therefore, this is not abrogated.
And Allah knows best. (Fath al-Bari: 10/617)
There is no contract of alliance (ʿaqd ḥilf) in Islam, because such a contract is intended to achieve mutual agreement, and Islam has already united all Muslims and joined their hearts together. Therefore, there is no need for a contract of alliance. However, from this hadith it is understood that the existence of a contract of alliance is present in Islam. In any case, the contract of alliance that is negated refers to the pact from the era of ignorance (Jahiliyyah), through which they would even become heirs of one another. Islam has abolished this. As for the contract of alliance mentioned in this hadith, it refers to the system of brotherhood (muʾākhāt), and the permissibility of a contract of alliance for mutual cooperation.
The contract of alliance of Islamic brotherhood and fraternity still exists.
Imam Nawawi rahimahullah says:
Islam has abolished the non-sharʿi contract of alliance, and that alliance and covenant is permissible because Islamic brotherhood and helping the oppressed, etc., are praiseworthy matters in Islam. Therefore, this is not abrogated.
And Allah knows best. (Fath al-Bari: 10/617)
Source: Hidayat al-Qari: Commentary on Sahih Bukhari, Urdu, Page: 6083
Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi
Benefits and Issues:
It is permissible for the people of Islam and faith to make a pact or agreement based on (وَتَعَاوَنُوا عَلَى الْبِرِّ وَالتَّقْوَى) [“And cooperate in righteousness and piety”].
However, agreements that are made purely on the basis of tribalism, as was the practice in the days of ignorance (jahiliyyah), have no place in Islam.
The statement of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam: “There is no alliance (ḥilf) in Islam” also means this.
It is permissible for the people of Islam and faith to make a pact or agreement based on (وَتَعَاوَنُوا عَلَى الْبِرِّ وَالتَّقْوَى) [“And cooperate in righteousness and piety”].
However, agreements that are made purely on the basis of tribalism, as was the practice in the days of ignorance (jahiliyyah), have no place in Islam.
The statement of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam: “There is no alliance (ḥilf) in Islam” also means this.
Source: Sunan Abu Dawood – Commentary by Shaykh Umar Farooq Saeedi, Page: 2926
