Hadith 20695
حَدَّثَنَا
عَفَّانُ ، حَدَّثَنَا
حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ ، أَخْبَرَنَا
عَلِيُّ بْنُ زَيْدٍ ، عَنْ
أَبِي حُرَّةَ الرَّقَاشِيِّ ، عَنْ
عَمِّهِ ، قَالَ : كُنْتُ آخِذًا بِزِمَامِ نَاقَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي أَوْسَطِ أَيَّامِ التَّشْرِيقِ ، أَذُودُ عَنْهُ النَّاسَ ، فَقَالَ : " يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ ، هَلْ تَدْرُونَ فِي أَيِّ شَهْرٍ أَنْتُمْ ؟ وَفِي أَيِّ يَوْمٍ أَنْتُمْ ؟ وَفِي أَيِّ بَلَدٍ أَنْتُمْ ؟ " قَالُوا : فِي يَوْمٍ حَرَامٍ ، وَشَهْرٍ حَرَامٍ ، وَبَلَدٍ حَرَامٍ ، قَالَ : " فَإِنَّ
دِمَاءَكُمْ ، وَأَمْوَالَكُمْ ، وَأَعْرَاضَكُمْ ، عَلَيْكُمْ حَرَامٌ ، كَحُرْمَةِ يَوْمِكُمْ هَذَا ، فِي شَهْرِكُمْ هَذَا ، فِي بَلَدِكُمْ هَذَا ، إِلَى يَوْمِ تَلْقَوْنَهُ " ، ثُمَّ قَالَ :
" اسْمَعُوا مِنِّي تَعِيشُوا ، أَلَا لَا تَظْلِمُوا ، أَلَا لَا تَظْلِمُوا ، أَلَا لَا تَظْلِمُوا ، إِنَّهُ لَا يَحِلُّ مَالُ امْرِئٍ إِلَّا بِطِيبِ نَفْسٍ مِنْهُ ، أَلَا وَإِنَّ كُلَّ دَمٍ وَمَالٍ وَمَأْثَرَةٍ كَانَتْ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ تَحْتَ قَدَمِي هَذِهِ إِلَى يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ ، وَإِنَّ أَوَّلَ دَمٍ يُوضَعُ دَمُ رَبِيعَةَ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ ، كَانَ مُسْتَرْضِعًا فِي بَنِي لَيْثٍ ، فَقَتَلَتْهُ هُذَيْلٌ ، أَلَا وَإِنَّ كُلَّ رِبًا كَانَ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ مَوْضُوعٌ ، وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ قَضَى أَنَّ أَوَّلَ رِبًا يُوضَعُ رِبَا الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ ، لَكُمْ رُءُوسُ أَمْوَالِكُمْ ، لَا تَظْلِمُونَ وَلَا تُظْلَمُونَ ، أَلَا وَإِنَّ الزَّمَانَ قَدْ اسْتَدَارَ كَهَيْئَتِهِ يَوْمَ خَلَقَ اللَّهُ السَّمَوَاتِ وَالْأَرْضَ " ، ثُمَّ قَرَأَ : " إِنَّ عِدَّةَ الشُّهُورِ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ اثْنَا عَشَرَ شَهْرًا فِي كِتَابِ اللَّهِ يَوْمَ خَلَقَ السَّمَوَاتِ وَالأَرْضَ مِنْهَا أَرْبَعَةٌ حُرُمٌ ذَلِكَ الدِّينُ الْقَيِّمُ فَلا تَظْلِمُوا فِيهِنَّ أَنْفُسَكُمْ سورة التوبة آية 36 . " أَلَا لَا تَرْجِعُوا بَعْدِي كُفَّارًا يَضْرِبُ بَعْضُكُمْ رِقَابَ بَعْضٍ ، أَلَا إِنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ قَدْ أَيِسَ أَنْ يَعْبُدَهُ الْمُصَلُّونَ ، وَلَكِنَّهُ فِي التَّحْرِيشِ بَيْنَكُمْ ، فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ فِي النِّسَاءِ ، فَإِنَّهُنَّ عِنْدَكُمْ عَوَانٌ لَا يَمْلِكْنَ لِأَنْفُسِهِنَّ شَيْئًا ، وَإِنَّ لَهُنَّ عَلَيْكُمْ ، وَلَكُمْ عَلَيْهِنَّ حَقًّا أَنْ لَا يُوطِئْنَ فُرُشَكُمْ أَحَدًا غَيْرَكُمْ ، وَلَا يَأْذَنَّ فِي بُيُوتِكُمْ لِأَحَدٍ تَكْرَهُونَهُ ، فَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ نُشُوزَهُنَّ فَعِظُوهُنَّ وَاهْجُرُوهُنَّ فِي الْمَضَاجِعِ ، وَاضْرِبُوهُنَّ ضَرْبًا غَيْرَ مُبَرِّحٍ " ، قَالَ حُمَيْدٌ : قُلْتُ لِلْحَسَنِ : مَا الْمُبَرِّحُ ؟ قَالَ : الْمُؤَثِّرُ ، " وَلَهُنَّ رِزْقُهُنَّ وَكِسْوَتُهُنَّ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ ، وَإِنَّمَا أَخَذْتُمُوهُنَّ بِأَمَانَةِ اللَّهِ ، وَاسْتَحْلَلْتُمْ فُرُوجَهُنَّ بِكَلِمَةِ اللَّهِ ، أَلَا وَمَنْ كَانَتْ عِنْدَهُ أَمَانَةٌ ، فَلْيُؤَدِّهَا إِلَى مَنْ ائْتَمَنَهُ عَلَيْهَا " ، وَبَسَطَ يَدَيْهِ ، فَقَالَ " أَلَا هَلْ بَلَّغْتُ ، أَلَا هَلْ بَلَّغْتُ ، أَلَا هَلْ بَلَّغْتُ ؟ ! " ثُمَّ قَالَ " لِيُبَلِّغْ الشَّاهِدُ الْغَائِبَ ، فَإِنَّهُ رُبَّ مُبَلَّغٍ أَسْعَدُ مِنْ سَامِعٍ " ، قَالَ حُمَيْدٌ : قَالَ الْحَسَنُ حِينَ بَلَّغَ هَذِهِ الْكَلِمَةَ ، قَدْ وَاللَّهِ بَلَّغُوا أَقْوَامًا كَانُوا أَسْعَدَ بِهِ.
Hazrat Abu Ruqasha narrates from his uncle: During the middle days of Tashreeq, I was holding the reins of the Prophet’s (peace be upon him) camel and was keeping the people back. The Prophet (peace be upon him) delivered a sermon and said: Do you know what day it is today? What month it is? And what city it is? The people replied: It is a sacred day, in a sacred month, and in a sacred city. The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: Then your lives, wealth, and honor are sacred to each other just as this day, this month, and this city are sacred, until you meet your Lord. Then he said: O people, listen to my words, you will attain life. Beware, do not oppress anyone. He said three times: The wealth of any person is not lawful except with his willing consent. Remember! Every blood, financial matter, and prideful thing from the time of ignorance is under my two feet today, until the Day of Judgment. And the first blood that is forgiven is that of Rabee’ah bin Harith bin Abdul Muttalib, who was a suckling child among Banu Layth, and Banu Hudhail killed him. Similarly, every usury from the time of ignorance is abolished, and Allah’s decree is that the first usury to be abolished is that of Abbas bin Abdul Muttalib. You will get your principal amount, in which you neither oppress nor are oppressed. Remember, time has returned to its original state as it was when Allah created the heavens and the earth. Then he recited this verse: "Indeed, the number of months with Allah is twelve months in the decree of Allah since the day He created the heavens and the earth; of these, four are sacred. That is the right religion, so do not wrong yourselves therein." Beware, do not become disbelievers after me, striking the necks of one another. Remember, Satan has despaired that the worshippers will ever worship him, but he will continue to sow discord among you. Fear Allah regarding women, for they are under your authority and possess nothing themselves. They have rights over you and you have rights over them. They should not allow anyone you dislike to enter your beds or your homes. If you fear their disobedience, admonish them, separate their beds, and strike them in a way that causes no harm. Their food, drink, and clothing are your responsibility in a good manner. You have taken them as a trust and made their private parts lawful for yourselves by the word of Allah. Beware, whoever has a trust should return it to the one who entrusted it. Then he raised his hands and said: Have I conveyed the message of Allah? (He said this three times.) Then he said: Let those present convey this to those who are absent, for many of those who are absent may be more fortunate than those who hear it.