مسند احمد
Musnad Ahmad
ومن مسند بني هاشمFrom the Musnad of Banu Hashim
مُسْنَدُ عَبْدِ اللّٰهِ بْنِ الْعَبَّاسِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ رَضِيَ اللّٰهُ عَنْهُمَاMusnad of Abdullah ibn al-Abbas ibn Abd al-Muttalib (may Allah be pleased with them)
Hadith 2769
اُردوEn
(حديث مرفوع) حَدَّثَنَا مُعَاوِيَةُ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ ، عَنْ حَبِيبِ بْنِ أَبِي عَمْرَةَ ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ، قَالَ : كَانَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ يُحِبُّونَ أَنْ تَظْهَرَ الرُّومُ عَلَى فَارِسَ ، لِأَنَّهُمْ أَهْلُ كِتَابٍ ، وَكَانَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ يُحِبُّونَ أَنْ تَظْهَرَ فَارِسُ عَلَى الرُّومِ ، لِأَنَّهُمْ أَهْلُ أَوْثَانٍ ، فَذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ ، فَذَكَرَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ذَلِكَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " أَمَا إِنَّهُمْ سَيَهْزِمُونَ " , فَذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ لَهُمْ ، فَقَالُوا : اجْعَلْ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَكَ أَجَلًا ، فَإِنْ ظَهَرُوا ، كَانَ لَكَ كَذَا وَكَذَا ، وَإِنْ ظَهَرْنَا ، كَانَ لَنَا كَذَا وَكَذَا , فَجَعَلَ بَيْنَهُمْ أَجَلًا خَمْسَ سِنِينَ ، فَلَمْ يَظْهَرُوا ، فَذَكَرَ ذَلِكَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ لِلنَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقَالَ : " أَلَا جَعَلْتَهُ ، أُرَاهُ ، قَالَ : دُونَ الْعَشْرِ " , قَالَ : وَقَالَ سَعِيدٌ : الْبِضْعُ مَا دُونَ الْعَشْرِ ، قَالَ : فَظَهَرَتْ الرُّومُ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ ، فَذَلِكَ قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى الم غُلِبَتِ الرُّومُ فِي أَدْنَى الأَرْضِ وَهُمْ مِنْ بَعْدِ غَلَبِهِمْ سَيَغْلِبُونَ فِي بِضْعِ سِنِينَ سورة الروم آية 1 - 4 , قَالَ : فَغُلِبَتْ الرُّومُ ، بَعْدُ ثُمَّ غَلَبَتْ بَعْدُ ، قَالَ : لِلَّهِ الأَمْرُ مِنْ قَبْلُ وَمِنْ بَعْدُ وَيَوْمَئِذٍ يَفْرَحُ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ بِنَصْرِ اللَّهِ سورة الروم آية 4 - 5 , قَالَ : يَفْرَحُ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ بِنَصْرِ اللَّهِ .
Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) used to say that the polytheists always wished that the Persians would prevail over the Romans, because the Persians were idolaters, while the Muslims wished that the Romans would prevail over the Persians because they were People of the Book. They mentioned this to Sayyiduna Abu Bakr as-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him), and Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) mentioned it to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The Romans will be victorious." Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) mentioned this prophecy before the Quraysh. They said: Set a term between us and you; if, according to our view, the Persians prevail, you will give us such and such, and if, according to your view, the Romans prevail, we will give you such and such. Sayyiduna Abu Bakr as-Siddiq (may Allah be pleased with him) set a term of five years, but during that period the Romans did not appear to be victorious, so he mentioned this to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Why did you not set a term within ten years?" Sa'id bin Jubayr (may Allah have mercy on him) says that in fact, the word «بضع» that appears in the Qur'an applies to anything less than ten. Thus, within that period, the Romans became victorious, and this is the background of the opening verses of Surah Ar-Rum.
