مسند احمد
Musnad Ahmad
مسند الخلفاء الراشدينMusnad of the Rightly Guided Caliphs
مُسْنَدِ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُMusnad of Umar ibn al-Khattab (may Allah be pleased with him)
Hadith 208
اُردوEn
(حديث مرفوع) حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو نُوحٍ قُرَادٌ ، أَنْبَأَنَا عِكْرِمَةُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا سِمَاكٌ الْحَنَفِيُّ أَبُو زُمَيْلٍ ، حَدَّثَنِي ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ ، حَدَّثَنِي عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ ، قَالَ : لَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ بَدْرٍ ، قَالَ : نَظَرَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَى أَصْحَابِهِ وَهُمْ ثَلَاثُ مِائَةٍ وَنَيِّفٌ ، وَنَظَرَ إِلَى الْمُشْرِكِينَ ، فَإِذَا هُمْ أَلْفٌ وَزِيَادَةٌ ، فَاسْتَقْبَلَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْقِبْلَةَ ، ثُمَّ مَدَّ يَدَيْهِ ، وَعَلَيْهِ رِدَاؤُهُ وَإِزَارُهُ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : " اللَّهُمَّ أَيْنَ مَا وَعَدْتَنِي ؟ اللَّهُمَّ أَنْجِزْ مَا وَعَدْتَنِي ، اللَّهُمَّ إِنَّكَ إِنْ تُهْلِكْ هَذِهِ الْعِصَابَةَ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْإِسْلَامِ ، فَلَا تُعْبَدْ فِي الْأَرْضِ أَبَدًا " ، قَالَ : فَمَا زَالَ يَسْتَغِيثُ رَبَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ ، وَيَدْعُوهُ حَتَّى سَقَطَ رِدَاؤُهُ ، فَأَتَاهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ، فَأَخَذَ رِدَاءَهُ ، فَرَدَّاهُ ثُمَّ الْتَزَمَهُ مِنْ وَرَائِهِ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ ، كَفَاكَ مُنَاشَدَتُكَ رَبَّكَ ، فَإِنَّهُ سَيُنْجِزُ لَكَ مَا وَعَدَكَ ، وَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ : إِذْ تَسْتَغِيثُونَ رَبَّكُمْ فَاسْتَجَابَ لَكُمْ أَنِّي مُمِدُّكُمْ بِأَلْفٍ مِنَ الْمَلائِكَةِ مُرْدِفِينَ سورة الأنفال آية 9 ، فَلَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُئِذٍ ، وَالْتَقَوْا ، فَهَزَمَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ الْمُشْرِكِينَ ، فَقُتِلَ مِنْهُمْ سَبْعُونَ رَجُلًا ، وَأُسِرَ مِنْهُمْ سَبْعُونَ رَجُلًا ، فَاسْتَشَارَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ ، وَعَلِيًّا ، وَعُمَرَ ، فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ ، هَؤُلَاءِ بَنُو الْعَمِّ وَالْعَشِيرَةُ وَالْإِخْوَانُ ، فَإِنِّي أَرَى أَنْ تَأْخُذَ مِنْهُمْ الْفِدْيَةَ ، فَيَكُونُ مَا أَخَذْنَا مِنْهُمْ قُوَّةً لَنَا عَلَى الْكُفَّارِ ، وَعَسَى اللَّهُ أَنْ يَهْدِيَهُمْ ، فَيَكُونُونَ لَنَا عَضُدًا ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : مَا تَرَى يَا ابْنَ الْخَطَّابِ ؟ قَالَ : قُلْتُ : وَاللَّهِ مَا أَرَى مَا رَأَى أَبُو بَكْرٍ ، وَلَكِنِّي أَرَى أَنْ تُمَكِّنَنِي مِنْ فُلَانٍ قَرِيبًا لِعُمَرَ ، فَأَضْرِبَ عُنُقَهُ ، وَتُمَكِّنَ عَلِيًّا مِنْ عَقِيلٍ ، فَيَضْرِبَ عُنُقَهُ ، وَتُمَكِّنَ حَمْزَةَ مِنْ فُلَانٍ أَخِيهِ ، فَيَضْرِبَ عُنُقَهُ ، حَتَّى يَعْلَمَ اللَّهُ أَنَّهُ لَيْسَتْ فِي قُلُوبِنَا هَوَادَةٌ لِلْمُشْرِكِينَ ، هَؤُلَاءِ صَنَادِيدُهُمْ وَأَئِمَّتُهُمْ وَقَادَتُهُمْ ، فَهَوِيَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَا قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ، وَلَمْ يَهْوَ مَا قُلْتُ ، فَأَخَذَ مِنْهُمْ الْفِدَاءَ ، فَلَمَّا أَنْ كَانَ مِنَ الْغَدِ ، قَالَ عُمَرُ : غَدَوْتُ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَإِذَا هُوَ قَاعِدٌ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ ، وَإِذَا هُمَا يَبْكِيَانِ ، فَقُلْتُ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، أَخْبِرْنِي مَاذَا يُبْكِيكَ أَنْتَ وَصَاحِبَكَ ؟ فَإِنْ وَجَدْتُ بُكَاءً بَكَيْتُ ، وَإِنْ لَمْ أَجِدْ بُكَاءً تَبَاكَيْتُ لِبُكَائِكُمَا ، قَالَ : فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " الَّذِي عَرَضَ عَلَيَّ أَصْحَابُكَ مِنَ الْفِدَاءِ ، لَقَدْ عُرِضَ عَلَيَّ عَذَابُكُمْ أَدْنَى مِنْ هَذِهِ الشَّجَرَةِ ، لِشَجَرَةٍ قَرِيبَةٍ ، وَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ : مَا كَانَ لِنَبِيٍّ أَنْ يَكُونَ لَهُ أَسْرَى حَتَّى يُثْخِنَ فِي الأَرْضِ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ لَوْلا كِتَابٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ سَبَقَ لَمَسَّكُمْ فِيمَا أَخَذْتُمْ سورة الأنفال آية 67 - 68 مِنَ الْفِدَاءِ ، ثُمَّ أُحِلَّ لَهُمْ الْغَنَائِمُ ، فَلَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ أُحُدٍ مِنَ الْعَامِ الْمُقْبِلِ ، عُوقِبُوا بِمَا صَنَعُوا يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ مِنْ أَخْذِهِمْ الْفِدَاءَ ، فَقُتِلَ مِنْهُمْ سَبْعُونَ ، وَفَرَّ أَصْحَابُ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، وَكُسِرَتْ رَبَاعِيَتُهُ ، وَهُشِمَتْ الْبَيْضَةُ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ ، وَسَالَ الدَّمُ عَلَى وَجْهِهِ ، وَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى : أَوَلَمَّا أَصَابَتْكُمْ مُصِيبَةٌ قَدْ أَصَبْتُمْ مِثْلَيْهَا قُلْتُمْ أَنَّى هَذَا قُلْ هُوَ مِنْ عِنْدِ أَنْفُسِكُمْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ سورة آل عمران آية 165 ، بِأَخْذِكُمْ الْفِدَاءَ " .
It is narrated from Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) that on the day of the Battle of Badr, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) reviewed his companions and they were a little over three hundred, and when he reviewed the polytheists, they appeared to be more than a thousand. Seeing this, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) turned towards the Qiblah and raised his hands in supplication. At that time, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was wearing a cloak. While supplicating, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O Allah! Where is Your promise? O Allah, fulfill Your promise. O Allah, if this small group of Muslims is destroyed today, then never again will You be worshipped on the earth." In this way, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) continued to implore his Lord persistently, until his blessed cloak fell off. Seeing this, Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) stepped forward, picked up the Prophet’s cloak and placed it on him, and embraced the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) from behind, saying: "O Messenger of Allah! You have supplicated much to your Lord, He will surely fulfill His promise." Thereupon, Allah the Exalted revealed this verse: "Remember when you were calling upon your Lord for help, and He responded to you, 'I will help you with a thousand angels coming in succession.'" When the battle of Badr commenced and the two armies met, by the grace of Allah, the polytheists were defeated. Seventy of them were killed and seventy were captured and taken as prisoners. Regarding these prisoners, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) consulted Sayyiduna Abu Bakr, Sayyiduna Ali, and Sayyiduna Umar (may Allah be pleased with them). Sayyiduna Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) advised: "O Messenger of Allah! These people are our brothers and relatives. My opinion is that you take ransom from them; the wealth will strengthen us against the disbelievers, and it is possible that Allah may guide them, so they will become our supporters." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) asked: "Ibn Khattab, what is your opinion?" I said: "My opinion is not the same as Abu Bakr’s. My opinion is that you hand over so-and-so, who is a close relative of Umar, to me, and I will strike off his neck with my own hand. You hand over Aqil to Ali, and he will strike off his neck. Grant Hamza dominance over so-and-so, and he will kill him with his own hand, so that Allah may know that there is no leniency in our hearts for the polytheists. These people are the chiefs, leaders, and ringleaders of the polytheists. When they are killed, disbelief and polytheism will die their own death." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) preferred the opinion of Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) and left mine, and took ransom from them. The next day, I came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and saw that he and Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) were sitting and weeping. I said: "O Messenger of Allah! What is the matter that you and your companion (Abu Bakr) are weeping? Please tell me, so that if I can weep, I may join you, and if not, I will at least try to weep." The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The punishment that was shown to me as a result of your companions advising me to take ransom was so close that it appeared as near as this tree, and Allah has revealed this verse: 'It is not for a Prophet to have prisoners...' till the end of the verse. Later, the spoils of war were made lawful for them. The following year, when the Battle of Uhud took place, seventy Muslims were martyred as a consequence of taking ransom at Badr, and the Companions (may Allah be pleased with them) dispersed, leaving the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). The blessed tooth of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was martyred, the links of his helmet pierced into his blessed head, his blessed face was filled with blood, and this Qur’anic verse was revealed: 'When a calamity befell you, although you had inflicted twice as much (on the enemy), you said: How did this happen?' Say: 'It is from yourselves.' Surely Allah is Able to do all things." The meaning is that this defeat was due to taking ransom.
