مسند احمد
Musnad Ahmad
تتمہ مُسْنَدِ الْكُوفِيِّينَContinuation of Musnad of the Kufans
حَدِيثُ الْمِسْوَرِ بْنِ مَخْرَمَةَ الزُّهْرِيِّ وَمَرَوَانَ بْنِ الْحَكَمِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى عَنْهُمَاHadith of al-Miswar ibn Makhramah al-Zuhri and Marwan ibn al-Hakam (may Allah be pleased with them)
Hadith 18928
اُردوEn
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ ، عَنْ مَعْمَرٍ ، قَالَ الزُّهْرِيُّ : أَخْبَرَنِي عُرْوَةُ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ ، عَنِ الْمِسْوَرِ بْنِ مَخْرَمَةَ ، وَمَرْوَانَ بَنِ الْحَكَمِ ، يصدق كل واحد منهما حديث صاحبه ، قَالَا : خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ زَمَانَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ فِي بِضْعَ عَشْرَةَ مِئَةً مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ ، حَتَّى إِذَا كَانُوا بِذِي الْحُلَيْفَةِ ، قَلَّدَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْهَدْيَ وَأَشْعَرَهُ ، وَأَحْرَمَ بِالْعُمْرَةِ ، وَبَعَثَ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ عَيْنًا لَهُ مِنْ خُزَاعَةَ يُخْبِرُهُ عَنْ قُرَيْشٍ ، وَسَارَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ بِغَدِيرِ الأْشْطَاطِ قَرِيبٌ مِنْ عُسْفَانَ أَتَاهُ عَيْنُهُ الْخُزَاعِيُّ ، فَقَالَ : إِنِّي قَدْ تَرَكْتُ كَعْبَ بْنَ لُؤَيٍّ وَعَامِرَ بْنَ لُؤَيٍّ قَدْ جَمَعُوا لَكَ الْأَحَابِشَ ، وقال يحيي بن سعيد ، عن ابن المبارك ، وقال : قد جَمَعُوا الَأْْحابِيشَ ، وَجَمَعُوا لَكَ جُمُوعًا ، وَهُمْ مُقَاتِلُوكَ وَصَادُّوكَ عَنِ الْبَيْتِ ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " أَشِيرُوا عَلَيَّ أَتَرَوْنَ أَنْ نَمِيلَ إِلَى ذَرَارِيِّ هَؤُلَاءِ الَّذِينَ أَعَانُوهُمْ فَنُصِيبَهُمْ ، فَإِنْ قَعَدُوا ، قَعَدُوا مَوْتُورِينَ مَحْرُوبِينَ ، وَإِنْ نَجَوْا " وَقَالَ يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ ، عَنِ ابْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ : " مَحْزُونِينَ وَإِنْ يَحْنُونَ تَكُنْ عُنُقًا قَطَعَهَا اللَّهُ ، أَوْ تَرَوْنَ أَنْ نَؤُمَّ الْبَيْتَ ، فَمَنْ صَدَّنَا عَنْهُ ، قَاتَلْنَاهُ " ، فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ ، يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ إِنَّمَا جِئْنَا مُعْتَمِرِينَ ، وَلَمْ نَجِئْ نُقَاتِلُ أَحَدًا ، وَلَكِنْ مَنْ حَالَ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَ الْبَيْتِ قَاتَلْنَاهُ ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " فَرُوحُوا إِذًا " ، قَالَ الزُّهْرِيُّ : وَكَانَ أَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ يَقُولُ : مَا رَأَيْتُ أَحَدًا قَطُّ كَانَ أَكْثَرَ مَشُورَةً لَأََِصْحَابِهِ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، قَالَ الزُّهْرِيُّ فِي حَدِيثِ الْمِسْوَرِ بْنِ مَخْرَمَةَ وَمَرْوَانَ : فَرَاحُوا حَتَّى إِذَا كَانُوا بِبَعْضِ الطَّرِيقِ ، قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " إِنَّ خَالِدَ بْنَ الْوَلِيدِ بِالْغَمِيمِ فِي خَيْلٍ لِقُرَيْشٍ طَلِيعَةً ، فَخُذُوا ذَاتَ الْيَمِينِ " ، فَوَاللَّهِ مَا شَعَرَ بِهِمْ خَالِدٌ حَتَّى إِذَا هُوَ بِقَتَرَةِ الْجَيْشِ ، فَانْطَلَقَ يَرْكُضُ نَذِيرًا لِقُرَيْشٍ ، وَسَارَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ بِالثَّنِيَّةِ الَّتِي يَهْبِطُ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنْهَا ، بَرَكَتْ بِهِ رَاحِلَتُهُ وَقَالَ يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ ، عَنِ ابْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ : بَرَكَتْ بِهَا رَاحِلَتُهُ ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " حَلْ حَلْ " فَأَلَحَّتْ ، فَقَالُوا : خَلَأَتِ الْقَصْوَاءُ ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " مَا خَلَأَتِ الْقَصْوَاءُ ، وَمَا ذَاكَ لَهَا بِخُلُقٍ ، وَلَكِنْ حَبَسَهَا حَابِسُ الْفِيلِ " ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : " وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَا يَسْأَلُونِي خُطَّةً يُعَظِّمُونَ فِيهَا حُرُمَاتِ اللَّهِ إِلَّا أَعْطَيْتُهُمْ إِيَّاهَا " ثُمَّ زَجَرَهَا ، فَوَثَبَتْ بِهِ ، قَالَ : فَعَدَلَ عَنْهَا حَتَّى نَزَلَ بِأَقْصَى الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ عَلَى ثَمَدٍ قَلِيلِ الْمَاءِ ، إِنَّمَا يَتَبَرَّضُهُ النَّاسُ تَبَرُّضًا ، فَلَمْ يَلْبَثْهُ النَّاسُ أَنْ نَزَحُوهُ ، فَشُكِيَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْعَطَشُ ، فَانْتَزَعَ سَهْمًا مِنْ كِنَانَتِهِ ، ثُمَّ أَمَرَهُمْ أَنْ يَجْعَلُوهُ فِيهِ ، قَالَ : فَوَاللَّهِ مَا زَالَ يَجِيشُ لَهُمْ بِالرِّيِّ حَتَّى صَدَرُوا عَنْهُ ، قَالَ : فَبَيْنَمَا هُمْ كَذَلِكَ إِذْ جَاءَ بُدَيْلُ بْنُ وَرْقَاءَ الْخُزَاعِيُّ فِي نَفَرٍ مِنْ قَوْمِهِ ، وَكَانُوا عَيْبَةَ نُصْحٍ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مِنْ أَهْلِ تِهَامَةَ ، وَقَالَ : إِنِّي تَرَكْتُ كَعْبَ بْنَ لُؤَيٍّ وَعَامِرَ بْنَ لُؤَيٍّ نَزَلُوا أَعْدَادَ مِيَاهِ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ ، مَعَهُمْ الْعُوذُ الْمَطَافِيلُ ، وَهُمْ مُقَاتِلُوكَ وَصَادُّوكَ عَنِ الْبَيْتِ ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " إِنَّا لَمْ نَجِئْ لِقِتَالِ أَحَدٍ ، وَلَكِنَّا جِئْنَا مُعْتَمِرِينَ ، وَإِنَّ قُرَيْشًا قَدْ نَهَكَتْهُمْ الْحَرْبُ ، فَأَضَرَّتْ بِهِمْ ، فَإِنْ شَاءوا مَادَدْتُهُمْ مُدَّةً وَيُخَلُّوا بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ النَّاسِ ، فَإِنْ أَظْهَرُ ، فَإِنْ شَاءوا أَنْ يَدْخُلُوا فِيمَا دَخَلَ فِيهِ النَّاسُ فَعَلُوا ، وَإِلَاَّ فَقَدْ جَمَوْا ، وَإِنْ هُمْ أَبَوْا ، فَوَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ ، لَأُقَاتِلَنَّهُمْ عَلَى أَمْرِي هَذَا حَتَّى تَنْفَرِدَ سَالِفَتِي أَوْ لَيُنْفِذَنَّ اللَّهُ أَمْرَهُ قَالَ يَحْيَى عَنِ ابْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ : " حَتَّى تَنْفَرِدَ " قَالَ : " فَإِنْ شَاءوا مَادَدْنَاهُمْ مُدَّةً " ، قَالَ بُدَيْلٌ : سَأُبَلِّغُهُمْ مَا تَقُولُ ، فَانْطَلَقَ حَتَّى أَتَى قُرَيْشًا فَقَالَ : إِنَّا قَدْ جِئْنَاكُمْ مِنْ عِنْدِ هَذَا الرَّجُلِ ، وَسَمِعْنَاهُ يَقُولُ قَوْلًا ، فَإِنْ شِئْتُمْ نَعْرِضُهُ عَلَيْكُمْ ، فَقَالَ سُفَهَاؤُهُمْ : لَاَ حَاجَةَ لَنَا فِي أَنْ تُحَدِّثَنَا عَنْهُ بِشَيْءٍ ، وَقَالَ ذُو الرَّأْيِ مِنْهُمْ : هَاتِ مَا سَمِعْتَهُ يَقُولُ ، قَالَ : قَدْ سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ كَذَا وَكَذَا ، فَحَدَّثَهُمْ بِمَا قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقَامَ عُرْوَةُ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ الثَّقَفِيُّ ، فَقَالَ : أَيْ قَوْمُ ، أَلَسْتُمْ بِالْوَالِد ؟ ِقَالُوا : بَلَى ، قَالَ : أَوَلَسْتُ بِالْوَلَدِ ؟ قَالُوا : بَلَى . قَالَ : فَهَلْ تَتَّهِمُونِي ؟ قَالُوا : لَا ، قَالَ : أَلَسْتُمْ تَعْلَمُونَ أَنِّي اسْتَنْفَرْتُ أَهْلَ عُكَاظٍ ، فَلَمَّا بَلَّحُوا عَلَيَّ جِئْتُكُمْ بِأَهْلِي وَمَنْ أَطَاعَنِي ؟ قَالُوا : بَلَى ، فَقَالَ : إِنَّ هَذَا قَدْ عَرَضَ عَلَيْكُمْ خُطَّةَ رُشْدٍ ، فَاقْبَلُوهَا ، وَدَعُونِي آتِهِ ، فَقَالُوا : ائْتِهِ ، فَأَتَاهُ ، قَالَ : فَجَعَلَ يُكَلِّمُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقَالَ لَهُ نَحْوًا مِنْ قَوْلِهِ لِبُدَيْلٍ ، فَقَالَ عُرْوَةُ عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ : أَيْ مُحَمَّدُ ، أَرَأَيْتَ إِنْ اسْتَأْصَلْتَ قَوْمَكَ ، هَلْ سَمِعْتَ بِأَحَدٍ مِنَ الْعَرَبِ اجْتَاحَ أَصْلَهُ قَبْلَكَ ؟ وَإِنْ تَكُنِ الْأُخْرَى ، فَوَاللَّهِ إِنِّي لَأَرَى وُجُوهًا ، وَأَرَى أَوْبَاشًا مِنَ النَّاسِ خَليقًا أَنْ يَفِرُّوا وَيَدَعُوكَ ، فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ : امْصُصْ بَظْرَ اللَاّتِ ، نَحْنُ نَفِرُّ عَنْهُ وَنَدَعُهُ ؟ فَقَالَ : مَنْ ذَا ؟ قَالُوا : أَبُو بَكْرٍ ، قَالَ : أَمَا وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ ، لَوْلَا يَدٌ كَانَتْ لَكَ عِنْدِي لَمْ أَجْزِكَ بِهَا لَأََجَبْتُكَ ، وَجَعَلَ يُكَلِّمُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، وَكُلَّمَا كَلَّمَهُ ، أَخَذَ بِلِحْيَتِهِ ، وَالْمُغِيرَةُ ابْنُ شُعْبَةَ قَائِمٌ عَلَى رَأْسِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَمَعَهُ السَّيْفُ وَعَلَيْهِ الْمِغْفَرُ ، وَكُلَّمَا أَهْوَى عُرْوَةُ بِيَدِهِ إِلَى لِحْيَةِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ضَرَبَ يَدَهُ بِنعْلِ السَّيْفِ ، وَقَالَ : أَخِّرْ يَدَكَ عَنْ لِحْيَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَرَفَعَ عُرْوَةُ رأسَه ، فَقَالَ : مَنْ هَذَا ؟ قَالُوا : الْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ شُعْبَةَ ، قَالَ : أَيْ غُدَرُ ، أَوَلَسْتُ أَسْعَى فِي غَدْرَتِكَ ، وَكَانَ الْمُغِيرَةُ صَحِبَ قَوْمًا فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ ، فَقَتَلَهُمْ ، وَأَخَذَ أَمْوَالَهُمْ ، ثُمَّ جَاءَ ، فَأَسْلَمَ ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " أَمَّا الْإِسْلَامُ فَأَقْبَلُ ، وَأَمَّا الْمَالُ ، فَلَسْتُ مِنْهُ فِي شَيْءٍ " ، ثُمَّ إِنَّ عُرْوَةَ جَعَلَ يَرْمُقُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِعَيْنِهِ ، قَالَ : فَوَاللَّهِ مَا تَنَخَّمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ نُخَامَةً إِلَاَّ وَقَعَتْ فِي كَفِّ رَجُلٍ مِنْهُمْ ، فَدَلَكَ بِهَا وَجْهَهُ وَجِلْدَهُ ، وَإِذَا أَمَرَهُمْ ابْتَدَرُوا أَمْرَهُ ، وَإِذَا تَوَضَّأَ كَادُوا يَقْتَتِلُونَ عَلَى وَضُوئِهِ ، وَإِذَا تَكَلَّمُوا ، خَفَضُوا أَصْوَاتَهُمْ عِنْدَهُ ، وَمَا يُحِدُّونَ إِلَيْهِ النَّظَرَ تَعْظِيمًا لَهُ ، فَرَجَعَ إِلَى أَصْحَابِهِ ، فَقَالَ : أَيْ قَوْمِ ، وَاللَّهِ لَقَدْ وَفَدْتُ عَلَى الْمُلُوكِ ، وَوَفَدْتُ عَلَى قَيْصَرَ وَكِسْرَى وَالنَّجَاشِيِّ ، وَاللَّهِ إِنْ رَأَيْتُ مَلِكًا قَطُّ يُعَظِّمُهُ أَصْحَابُهُ مَا يُعَظِّمُ أَصْحَابُ مُحَمَّدٍ مُحَمَّدًا صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، وَاللَّهِ إِنْ يَتَنَخَّمُ نُخَامَةً إِلَاَّ وَقَعَتْ فِي كَفَّ رَجُلٍ مِنْهُمْ ، فَدَلَكَ بِهَا وَجْهَهُ وَجِلْدَهُ ، وَإِذَا أَمَرَهُمْ ابْتَدَرُوا أَمْرَهُ ، وَإِذَا تَوَضَّأَ كَادُوا يَقْتَتِلُونَ عَلَى وَضُوئِهِ ، وَإِذَا تَكَلَّمُوا خَفَضُوا أَصْوَاتَهُمْ عِنْدَهُ ، وَمَا يُحِدُّونَ إِلَيْهِ النَّظَرَ تَعْظِيمًا لَهُ ، وَإِنَّهُ قَدْ عَرَضَ عَلَيْكُمْ خُطَّةَ رُشْدٍ فَاقْبَلُوهَا ، فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي كِنَانَةَ : دَعُونِي آتِهِ ، فَقَالُوا : ائْتِهِ ، فَلَمَّا أَشْرَفَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَأَصْحَابِهِ ، قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " هَذَا فُلاَنٌ ، وَهُوَ مِنْ قَوْمٍ يُعَظِّمُونَ الْبُدْنَ ، فَابْعَثُوهَا لَهُ " ، فَبُعِثَتْ لَهُ ، وَاسْتَقْبَلَهُ الْقَوْمُ يُلَبُّونَ ، فَلَمَّا رَأَى ذَلِكَ ، قَالَ : سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ ، مَا يَنْبَغِي لِهَؤُلَاءِ أَنْ يُصَدُّوا عَنِ الْبَيْتِ ، قَالَ : فَلَمَّا رَجَعَ إِلَى أَصْحَابِهِ ، قَالَ رَأَيْتُ الْبُدْنَ قَدْ قُلِّدَتْ وَأُشْعِرَتْ ، فَلَمْ أَرَ أَنْ يُصَدُّوا عَنِ الْبَيْتِ ، فَقَامَ رَجُلٌ مِنْهُمْ يُقَالُ لَهُ : مِكْرَزُ بْنُ حَفْصٍ ، فَقَالَ : دَعُونِي آتِهِ ، فَقَالُوا : ائْتِهِ ، فَلَمَّا أَشْرَفَ عَلَيْهِمْ ، قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " هَذَا مِكْرَزٌ ، وَهُوَ رَجُلٌ فَاجِرٌ " فَجَعَلَ يُكَلِّمُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَبَيْنَا هُوَ يُكَلِّمُهُ إِذْ جَاءَهُ سُهَيْلُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو ، قَالَ مَعْمَرٌ : وَأَخْبَرَنِي أَيُّوبُ ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ : أَنَّهُ لَمَّا جَاءَ سُهَيْلٌ ، قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " سَهُلَ مِنْ أَمْرِكُمْ " ، قَالَ الزُّهْرِيُّ فِي حَدِيثِهِ : فَجَاءَ سُهَيْلُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو ، فَقَالَ : هَاتِ اكْتُبْ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَكُمْ كِتَابًا ، فَدَعَا الْكَاتِبَ ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " اكْتُبْ بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ سورة الفاتحة آية 1 " ، فَقَالَ سُهَيْلٌ : أَمَّا الرَّحْمَنُ ، فَوَاللَّهِ مَا أَدْرِي مَا هُوَ وَقَالَ ابْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ مَا هُوَ وَلَكِنْ اكْتُبْ بِاسْمِكَ اللَّهُمَّ كَمَا كُنْتَ تَكْتُبُ ، فَقَالَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ : وَاللَّهِ مَا نَكْتُبُهَا إِلَّا بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ سورة الفاتحة آية 1 ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " اكْتُبْ بِاسْمِكَ اللَّهُمَّ " ثُمَّ قَالَ : " هَذَا مَا قَاضَى عَلَيْهِ مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ " ، فَقَالَ سُهَيْلٌ : وَاللَّهِ لَوْ كُنَّا نَعْلَمُ أَنَّكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ، مَا صَدَدْنَاكَ عَنِ الْبَيْتِ وَلَا قَاتَلْنَاكَ ، وَلَكِنْ اكْتُبْ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " وَاللَّهِ إِنِّي لَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ وَإِنْ كَذَّبْتُمُونِي ، اكْتُبْ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ " ، قَالَ الزُّهْرِيُّ وَذَلِكَ لِقَوْلِهِ : " لَاَ يَسْأَلُونِي خُطَّةً يُعَظِّمُونَ فِيهَا حُرُمَاتِ اللَّهِ إِلَّا أَعْطَيْتُهُمْ إِيَّاهَا " ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " عَلَى أَنْ تُخَلُّوا بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَ الْبَيْتِ فَنَطُوفَ بِهِ " ، فَقَالَ سُهَيْلٌ : وَاللَّهِ لَا تَتَحَدَّثُ الْعَرَبُ أَنَّا أُخِذْنَا ضُغْطَةً ، وَلَكِنْ لَكَ مِنَ الْعَامِ الْمُقْبِلِ ، فَكَتَبَ ، فَقَالَ سُهَيْلٌ : عَلَى أَنَّهُ لَا يَأْتِيكَ مِنَّا رَجُلٌ وَإِنْ كَانَ عَلَى دِينِكَ إِلَاَّ رَدَدْتَهُ إِلَيْنَا ، فَقَالَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ : سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ ، كَيْفَ يُرَدُّ إِلَى الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَقَدْ جَاءَ مُسْلِمًا ؟ فَبَيْنَا هُمْ كَذَلِكَ إِذْ جَاءَ أَبُو جَنْدَلِ بْنُ سُهَيْلِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو يَرْسُفُ ، وَقَالَ يَحْيَى ، عَنِ ابْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ : يَرْصُفُ فِي قُيُودِهِ ، وَقَدْ خَرَجَ مِنْ أَسْفَلِ مَكَّةَ حَتَّى رَمَى بِنَفْسِهِ بَيْنَ أَظْهُرِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ ، فَقَالَ سُهَيْلٌ هَذَا يَا مُحَمَّدُ أَوَّلُ مَا أُقَاضِيكَ عَلَيْهِ أَنْ تَرُدَّهُ إِلَيَّ ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " إِنَّا لَمْ نَقْضِ الْكِتَابَ بَعْدُ " ، قَالَ : فَوَاللَّهِ إِذًا لاَ نُصَالِحُكَ عَلَى شَيْءٍ أَبَدًا ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " فَأَجِزْهُ لِي " قَالَ : مَا أَنَا بِمُجِيزُهُ لَكَ ، قَالَ : " بَلَى ، فَافْعَلْ " ، قَالَ : مَا أَنَا بِفَاعِلٍ ، قَالَ مِكْرَزٌ : بَلَى ، قَدْ أَجَزْنَاهُ لَكَ ، فَقَالَ أَبُو جَنْدَلٍ : أَيْ مَعَاشِرَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ ، أُرَدُّ إِلَى الْمُشْرِكِينَ وَقَدْ جِئْتُ مُسْلِمًا ، أَلَاَ تَرَوْنَ مَا قَدْ لَقِيتُ ؟ وَكَانَ قَدْ عُذِّبَ عَذَابًا شَدِيدًا فِي اللَّهِ ، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى عَنْهُ : فَأَتَيْتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقُلْتُ : أَلَسْتَ نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ ؟ قَالَ : " بَلَى " ، قُلْتُ : أَلَسْنَا عَلَى الْحَقِّ وَعَدُوُّنَا عَلَى الْبَاطِلِ ؟ قَالَ : " بَلَى " قُلْتُ : فَلِمَ نُعْطِي الدَّنِيَّةَ فِي دِينِنَا إِذًا ؟ قَالَ : " إِنِّي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ، وَلَسْتُ أَعْصِيهِ ، وَهُوَ نَاصِرِي " ، قُلْتُ : أَوَلَسْتَ كُنْتَ تُحَدِّثُنَا أَنَّا سَنَأْتِي الْبَيْتَ فَنَطُوفُ بِهِ ؟ قَالَ : " بَلَى " قَالَ : " أَفَأَخْبَرْتُكَ أَنَّكَ تَأْتِيهِ الْعَامَ ؟ " قُلْتُ : لَا ، قَالَ : " فَإِنَّكَ آتِيهِ وَمُتَطَوِّفٌ بِهِ " ، قَالَ : فَأَتَيْتُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ ، فَقُلْتُ : يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ ، أَلَيْسَ هَذَا نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ حَقًّا ؟ قَالَ : بَلَى ، قُلْتُ : أَلَسْنَا عَلَى الْحَقِّ وَعَدُوُّنَا عَلَى الْبَاطِلِ ؟ قَالَ : بَلَى ، قُلْتُ : فَلِمَ نُعْطِي الدَّنِيَّةَ فِي دِينِنَا إِذًا ؟ قَالَ : أَيُّهَا الرَّجُلُ ، إِنَّهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، وَلَن يَعْصِي رَبَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ ، وَهُوَ نَاصِرُهُ ، فَاسْتَمْسِكْ بغَرْزِهِ وَقَالَ يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ : تَطَوَّفْ بِغَرْزِهِ حَتَّى تَمُوتَ ، فَوَاللَّهِ إِنَّهُ لَعَلَى الْحَقِّ ، قُلْتُ : أَوَلَيْسَ كَانَ يُحَدِّثُنَا أَنَّا سَنَأْتِي الْبَيْتَ وَنَطُوفُ بِهِ ؟ قَالَ : بَلَى ، قَالَ : أَفَأَخْبَرَكَ أَنَّهُ يَأْتِيهِ الْعَامَ ؟ قُلْتُ : لَا ، قَالَ : فَإِنَّكَ آتِيهِ وَمُتَطَوِّفٌ بِهِ ، قَالَ الزُّهْرِيُّ : قَالَ عُمَرُ : فَعَمِلْتُ لِذَلِكَ أَعْمَالًا ، قَالَ : فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ مِنْ قَضِيَّةِ الْكِتَابِ ، قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لِأَصْحَابِهِ : " قُومُوا ، فَانْحَرُوا ، ثُمَّ احْلِقُوا " ، قَالَ : فَوَاللَّهِ مَا قَامَ مِنْهُمْ رَجُلٌ حَتَّى قَالَ ذَلِكَ ثَلَاَثَ مَرَّاتٍ ، فَلَمَّا لَمْ يَقُمْ مِنْهُمْ أَحَدٌ ، قَامَ ، فَدَخَلَ عَلَى أُمِّ سَلَمَةَ ، فَذَكَرَ لَهَا مَا لَقِيَ مِنَ النَّاسِ ، فَقَالَتْ أُمُّ سَلَمَةَ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، أَتُحِبُّ ذَلِكَ ؟ اخْرُجْ ، ثُمَّ لَاَ تُكَلِّمْ أَحَدًا مِنْهُمْ كَلِمَةً حَتَّى تَنْحَرَ بُدْنَكَ ، وَتَدْعُوَ حَالِقَكَ ، فَيَحْلِقَكَ ، فَقَامَ فَخَرَجَ ، فَلَمْ يُكَلِّمْ أَحَدًا مِنْهُمْ حَتَّى فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ نَحَرَ هَدْيَهُ ، وَدَعَا حَالِقَهُ ، فَلَمَّا رَأَوْا ذَلِكَ قَامُوا ، فَنَحَرُوا ، وَجَعَلَ بَعْضُهُمْ يَحْلِقُ بَعْضًا حَتَّى كَادَ بَعْضُهُمْ يَقْتُلُ بَعْضًا غَمًّا ، ثُمَّ جَاءَهُ نِسْوَةٌ مُؤْمِنَاتٌ ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ : يَأَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِذَا جَاءَكُمُ الْمُؤْمِنَاتُ مُهَاجِرَاتٍ حَتَّى بَلَغَ بِعِصَمِ الْكَوَافِرِ سورة الممتحنة آية 10 ، قَالَ : فَطَلَّقَ عُمَرُ يَوْمَئِذٍ امْرَأَتَيْنِ كَانَتَا لَهُ فِي الشِّرْكِ ، فَتَزَوَّجَ إِحْدَاهُمَا مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ وَالْأُخْرَى صَفْوَانُ بْنُ أُمَيَّةَ ، ثُمَّ رَجَعَ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ ، فَجَاءَهُ أَبُو بَصِيرٍ ، رَجُلٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ ، وَهُوَ مُسْلِمٌ وَقَالَ يَحْيَى ، عَنِ ابْنِ الْمُبَارَكِ : فَقَدِمَ عَلَيْهِ أَبُو بَصِيرِ بْنُ أُسَيْدٍ الثَّقَفِيُّ مُسْلِمًا مُهَاجِرًا ، فَاسْتَأْجَرَ الْأَخْنَسَ بْنَ شَرِيقٍ رَجُلًا كَافِرًا مِنْ بَنِي عَامِرِ بْنِ لُؤَيٍّ وَمَوْلًى مَعَهُ ، وَكَتَبَ مَعَهُمَا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَسْأَلُهُ الْوَفَاءَ فَأَرْسَلُوا فِي طَلَبِهِ رَجُلَيْنِ ، فَقَالُوا : الْعَهْدَ الَّذِي جَعَلْتَ لَنَا فِيهِ ، فَدَفَعَهُ إِلَى الرَّجُلَيْنِ ، فَخَرَجَا بِهِ حَتَّى بَلَغَا بِهِ ذَا الْحُلَيْفَةِ ، فَنَزَلُوا يَأْكُلُونَ مِنْ تَمْرٍ لَهُمْ ، فَقَالَ أَبُو بَصِيرٍ لِأَحَدِ الرَّجُلَيْنِ : وَاللَّهِ إِنِّي لَأَرَى سَيْفَكَ يَا فُلَاَنُ هَذَا جَيِّدًا ، فَاسْتَلَّهُ الْآخَرُ ، فَقَالَ : أَجَلْ وَاللَّهِ إِنَّهُ لَجَيِّدٌ ، لَقَدْ جَرَّبْتُ بِهِ ، ثُمَّ جَرَّبْتُ ، فَقَالَ أَبُو بَصِيرٍ : أَرِنِي أَنْظُرْ إِلَيْهِ ، فَأَمْكَنَهُ مِنْهُ ، فَضَرَبَهُ حَتَّى بَرَدَ ، وَفَرَّ الْآخَرُ حَتَّى أَتَى الْمَدِينَةَ ، فَدَخَلَ الْمَسْجِدَ يَعْدُو ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " لَقَدْ رَأَى هَذَا ذُعْرًا " ، فَلَمَّا انْتَهَى إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ : قُتِلَ وَاللَّهِ صَاحِبِي ، وَإِنِّي لَمَقْتُولٌ ، فَجَاءَ أَبُو بَصِيرٍ ، فَقَالَ : يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ ، قَدْ وَاللَّهِ أَوْفَى اللَّهُ ذِمَّتَكَ ، قَدْ رَدَدْتَنِي إِلَيْهِمْ ، ثُمَّ أَنْجَانِي اللَّهُ مِنْهُمْ ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " وَيْلُ أُمِّهِ مُسْعِرُ حَرْبٍ لَوْ كَانَ لَهُ أَحَدٌ ، فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ ذَلِكَ عَرَفَ أَنَّهُ سَيَرُدُّهُ إِلَيْهِمْ ، فَخَرَجَ حَتَّى أَتَى سِيفَ الْبَحْرِ ، قَالَ : وَيَتَفَلَّتُ أَبُو جَنْدَلِ بْنُ سُهَيْلٍ ، فَلَحِقَ بِأَبِي بَصِيرٍ ، فَجَعَلَ لَا يَخْرُجُ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ رَجُلٌ قَدْ أَسْلَمَ إِلَّا لَحِقَ بِأَبِي بَصِيرٍ حَتَّى اجْتَمَعَتْ مِنْهُمْ عِصَابَةٌ ، قَالَ : فَوَاللَّهِ مَا يَسْمَعُونَ بِعِيرٍ خَرَجَتْ لِقُرَيْشٍ إِلَى الشَّامِ إِلَّا اعْتَرَضُوا لَهَا ، فَقَتَلُوهُمْ ، وَأَخَذُوا أَمْوَالَهُمْ ، فَأَرْسَلَتْ قُرَيْشٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ تُنَاشِدُهُ اللَّهَ وَالرَّحِمَ لَمَّا أَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِمْ ، فَمَنْ أَتَاهُ فَهُوَ آمِنٌ ، فَأَرْسَلَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَيْهِمْ ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ : وَهُوَ الَّذِي كَفَّ أَيْدِيَهُمْ عَنْكُمْ وَأَيْدِيَكُمْ عَنْهُمْ حَتَّى بَلَغَ حَمِيَّةَ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ سورة الفتح آية 24 - 26 ، وَكَانَتْ حَمِيَّتُهُمْ أَنَّهُمْ لَمْ يُقِرُّوا أَنَّهُ نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ ، وَلَمْ يُقِرُّوا بِبِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ ، وَحَالُوا بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ الْبَيْتِ . .
It is narrated from Hazrat Miswar bin Makhramah and Marwan that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) set out from Madinah in the year of Hudaybiyyah (with the intention of performing Umrah). At that time, there were a little over a thousand companions with him. Upon reaching Dhul-Hulaifah, he put garlands on the sacrificial animals as a sign and donned the Ihram for Umrah. He sent a man from the Khuza’ah tribe as a scout to gather information. As soon as the scout was sent, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) himself set out. When they neared the valley, the scout returned and reported that the Quraysh had gathered large forces and united various tribes to confront you. They are ready to fight you and will prevent you from entering the Ka’bah.
The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) addressed his companions and said, “O people! What is your opinion? Should I turn towards their families and capture those who want to prevent me from the Ka’bah? If they come to help their families, their group will be broken, and if not, we will leave them impoverished. In any case, it will be their loss.” Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said, “O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), you have set out with the intention of the Ka’bah, not for battle. You should proceed towards the Ka’bah, and whoever stops us, we will fight them.” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “Very well (then proceed in the name of Allah).” So, everyone set out.
On the way, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “Khalid bin Walid is waiting with two hundred horsemen of the Quraysh at Ghamim to block our path, so you should also turn to the right (towards Khalid’s side).” All the people turned to the right, and Khalid did not realize until he saw the dust of the army rising. Seeing the dust, Khalid quickly went and warned the Quraysh of the arrival of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) continued as usual until he reached the hill from which people descend into Makkah. There, his she-camel sat down and would not get up despite much effort. People said, “Qaswa (the name of the Prophet’s she-camel) has become stubborn.” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “Qaswa has not become stubborn by herself, nor is this her habit. Rather, she has been stopped by the One who stopped the people of the elephant.” Then he said, “By the One in Whose hand is my soul, whatever the people of Makkah ask of me to maintain the sanctity of the Haram, I will grant it to them.” After this, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) prodded the she-camel, and she immediately stood up. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) then took a different route to avoid the people of Makkah and camped at a place on the other side of Hudaybiyyah where there was little water. The people took whatever little water was there. When all the water was drawn and none was left, a complaint was made to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) about the lack of water. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) took an arrow from his quiver and gave it to the companions, instructing them to place it in the water. As soon as the arrow was placed in the water, it began to gush forth so much that everyone drank to their fill, and still, water remained.
After saying this, Budayl left and went to the Quraysh, telling them, “We have come to you from so-and-so person, and he has said something to us. If you wish, we can convey it to you.” The foolish among the Quraysh said, “We have no need to hear what he has to say,” but the wise ones said, “Tell us what he said.” Budayl conveyed all the words of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). Upon hearing this, ‘Urwah bin Mas’ud stood up and said, “O people, am I not your father?” They said, “Indeed, you are.” He said, “Am I not your child?” They said, “Yes.” ‘Urwah said, “Do you consider me a suspicious person?” They said, “No.” ‘Urwah said, “Do you not know that I was the one who called the people of ‘Ukaz to help you, and when they did not come, I came to you with my family and dependents?” They said, “Indeed.” ‘Urwah said, “This man has spoken the truth; accept what he says and allow me to go to him.” The people said, “Go.” ‘Urwah came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and began to converse with him. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to him what he had said to Budayl. ‘Urwah said, “O Muhammad! If you prevail and destroy your own people, have you ever heard of anyone who destroyed his own people? And if the other thing happens (the Quraysh prevail), by Allah, I see many faces here who will flee and leave you, for there are people of various tribes among you.” Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) became angry and said, “Will we leave the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and flee?” ‘Urwah asked, “Who is this?” The people said, “Abu Bakr.” ‘Urwah said to Abu Bakr, “By the One in Whose hand is my soul, if it were not for a favor you did for me in the past which I have not yet repaid, I would have answered you.” Then he resumed talking to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and while talking, he would repeatedly touch the Prophet’s beard. Mughirah bin Shu’bah (may Allah be pleased with him) was standing behind the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) with a sword, wearing armor (for protection). Whenever ‘Urwah reached out to touch the Prophet’s beard, Mughirah would strike his hand with the hilt of his sword and say, “Remove your hand from the beard of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him).” ‘Urwah would withdraw his hand. Finally, ‘Urwah asked, “Who is this?” The people said, “This is Mughirah bin Shu’bah.” ‘Urwah said, “O deceiver! Did I not strive to erase your treachery?” The fact was that Mughirah bin Shu’bah, in the days of ignorance, had lived with a tribe, deceived them, killed them, and taken their wealth, then came and accepted Islam. When he pledged allegiance to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), the Prophet said, “I accept your Islam, but I have nothing to do with the matter of the wealth.”
In summary, ‘Urwah began to stare at the companions of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). By Allah, whenever the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) spat, before it fell to the ground, someone would catch it in his hand and rub it on his face. Whenever a hair of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) fell, the companions would catch it before it touched the ground. Whatever the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) commanded, everyone would rush to fulfill it before the others. When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) performed ablution, the companions would almost fight over the water. When speaking in his presence, they would lower their voices, and out of extreme respect, they would not look at him directly. After witnessing all this, ‘Urwah returned and said to his people, “O people! By Allah, I have been an envoy to kings. I have been to the courts of Caesar, Chosroes, and the Negus, but I have never seen any king whose people honor him as the companions of Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) honor him. By Allah, when he spits, it falls into someone’s hand, who rubs it on his face and body. If he commands anything, everyone rushes to fulfill it. When he performs ablution, people are ready to fight over the water. When they speak in his presence, they lower their voices, and out of respect, no one looks at him directly. He has presented you with the best proposal, so accept it.”
When ‘Urwah finished speaking, a man from the tribe of Banu Kinana said, “Let me go to them.” Everyone permitted him, and he set out to meet the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). When he appeared before the companions, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “This is so-and-so from such-and-such tribe. His people greatly honor the sacrificial camels, so present the camels before him.” The sacrificial camels were brought before him, and the people chanted the Talbiyah in his presence. When he saw this, he said, “It is not appropriate to prevent these people from the Ka’bah.” He returned and told his people, “I saw garlands on their camels and the marks of sacrifice. In my opinion, it is not right to prevent them from the Ka’bah.” After his speech, a man named Mikraz stood up and said, “Let me go to them.” Everyone permitted him, and he set out to meet the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). When he appeared before the companions, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “This is Mikraz, and he is a wicked man.” Mikraz came and spoke with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). While they were talking, Suhail bin Amr arrived from the Quraysh. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to the companions, “Now your matter will be made easy.” Suhail came and said, “Let us write our own peace treaty.” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) called the scribe and said, “Write: «بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم».” Suhail said, “By Allah, I do not know what ‘Ar-Rahman’ is. Do not write this, but write as we used to write before: ‘Bismik Allahumma.’” The Muslims said, “By Allah, we will only write ‘Bismillah ar-Rahman ar-Raheem.’” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “Write ‘Bismik Allahumma.’” Then he said, “Write: This is the peace treaty which Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), has concluded.” Suhail said, “By Allah, if we believed you were the Messenger of Allah, we would not prevent you from the Ka’bah nor fight you. So do not write ‘Messenger of Allah,’ but write ‘Muhammad bin Abdullah.’” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “Even if you do not accept me, by Allah, I am the Messenger of Allah. (Fine) Write ‘Muhammad bin Abdullah.’” Zuhri says, “The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) showed this leniency because he had already said that whatever the Quraysh demand from me to maintain the sanctity and honor of the Haram, I will grant it.”
The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “This peace treaty is on the condition that you allow us to go to the Ka’bah so that we may perform Tawaf.” Suhail said, “By Allah, the Arabs will talk about us being forced under pressure (so not this year), but next year it can happen.” The scribe wrote this as well. Then Suhail said, “There should also be a condition in the treaty that if anyone from us comes to you, even if he is on your religion, you must return him to us.” The Muslims said, “SubhanAllah! How can we return someone who comes as a Muslim to the polytheists?” While they were discussing this, Suhail bin Amr’s son, Abu Jandal, came, shackled in chains, having escaped from the lower part of Makkah. He fell before the Muslims. Suhail said, “O Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), this is the first condition on which I will make peace with you. Return him to us.” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “We have not yet completed the treaty.” Suhail said, “By Allah, I will never make peace on any condition.” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “At least grant me this one.” Suhail said, “I will not.” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “Do it.” Suhail said, “I will not.” Mikraz said, “We allow you this one,” (but Mikraz’s statement was not accepted). Abu Jandal said, “O Muslims! I have come as a Muslim, and now I will be returned to the polytheists, even though you see the hardships I have endured from them.” The fact is that Abu Jandal had been severely tortured by the disbelievers.
Hazrat Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) heard this and went to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and said, “O Messenger of Allah! Are you not the true Prophet of Allah?” He replied, “Yes, indeed.” Hazrat Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said, “Are we not upon the truth and our enemies upon falsehood?” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “Yes, indeed.” Hazrat Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said, “Then why should we accept humiliation in our religion?” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “I am the Messenger of Allah; I will not disobey Him. He is my Helper.” Hazrat Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said, “Did you not tell us that we would soon reach the Ka’bah and perform Tawaf?” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “Yes, I did say that, but did I say that we would reach it this year?” Hazrat Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said, “No, you did not say that.” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “Then you will reach the Ka’bah and perform Tawaf.”
Hazrat Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) says, “I went to Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) and said, ‘O Abu Bakr! Is he not the true Prophet of Allah?’ Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said, ‘Indeed, he is.’ I said, ‘Are we not upon the truth and our enemies upon falsehood?’ Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said, ‘Indeed, we are.’ I said, ‘Then why should we accept humiliation in our religion?’ Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said, ‘O man, he is surely the Messenger of Allah. He will not disobey his Lord, and He is his Helper. Act according to his command. By Allah, he is upon the truth.’ Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said, ‘Did he not tell us that we would soon reach the Ka’bah and perform Tawaf?’ Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said, ‘Indeed, he said so, but did he say that you would reach it this year?’ I said, ‘No.’ Abu Bakr said, ‘Then you will reach the Ka’bah and perform Tawaf.’” Hazrat Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) says, “To make up for this shortcoming (hesitation in obeying the command), I performed many good deeds.”
The narrator states that when the treaty was completed, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to the companions, “Get up, slaughter your animals, and shave your heads.” But none of the companions stood up, even though the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said it three times. When no one stood up, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) went inside to Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her) and mentioned what the people had done. Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her) said, “O Messenger of Allah! It seems best that you quietly get up, without saying anything to anyone, go and perform your sacrifice, and call the barber to shave your head.” After consulting her, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) got up, went out without saying anything to anyone, performed the sacrifice, and called the barber to shave his head. When the people saw this, they themselves got up, performed their sacrifices, and began shaving each other’s heads. Due to the crowd, it was almost as if some would kill others.
After this, some women came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and Allah revealed this verse: «يا ايها الذين آمنوا اذاجاء كم المؤمنات مهاجرات» etc. According to this verse, on that day, Hazrat Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) divorced his two wives who were still in the state of polytheism. One of them was later married by Muawiyah bin Abi Sufyan and the other by Safwan bin Umayyah. After these matters were settled, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) returned to Madinah.
After reaching Madinah, a Qurayshi named Abu Basir became Muslim and came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). The disbelievers sent two men in search of him. They came and said, “Fulfill your agreement.” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) handed Abu Basir over to them, and they took him with them. When they reached Dhul-Hulaifah, they dismounted and began eating dates. Abu Basir said to one of them, “By Allah, this sword of yours seems very fine to me.” The other drew it from its sheath and said, “Yes, it is very good. I have tested it many times.” Abu Basir said, “Let me see it.” He handed it to Abu Basir, who killed him with it. The other fled to Madinah and entered the mosque. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) saw him and said, “He must be frightened.” He came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and said, “My companion has been killed, and I am about to be killed.” Meanwhile, Abu Basir also arrived and said, “O Messenger of Allah! By Allah, you have fulfilled your covenant. You handed me over to them, but Allah saved me from them.” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “Woe to him! He will ignite the fire of war. If only he had a helper (to take him to Makkah)!” When Abu Basir saw that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) would hand him over to the disbelievers, he left and went towards the coast. Abu Jandal also escaped from Makkah and joined Abu Basir. Then, whenever anyone escaped from the Quraysh as a Muslim, he would join Abu Basir, until their group numbered about seventy men. Now, whenever a Quraysh caravan went to Syria and they heard of it, they would intercept it, kill the people, and seize the goods. The Quraysh were forced to send someone to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), pleading by Allah and kinship to call Abu Basir and his companions to Madinah. They said, “If Abu Basir and his companions come to Madinah, then whoever comes to you as a Muslim from us will be safe (we will not take him back).” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) called Abu Basir and all his companions to Madinah, and Allah revealed this verse: “And He it is Who withheld their hands from you and your hands from them…” up to His saying, “the zealotry of ignorance.” The meaning of “zealotry of ignorance” is that the Quraysh did not acknowledge the Prophethood of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), did not accept writing “Bismillah ar-Rahman ar-Raheem,” and prevented the Muslims from the Ka’bah.
The previous hadith is also narrated with a slight difference in another chain, and in it, it is also mentioned: After reaching Madinah, a Qurayshi named Abu Basir became Muslim and came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). The disbelievers sent two men in search of him. They came and said, “Fulfill your agreement.” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) handed Abu Basir over to them, and they took him with them. When they reached Dhul-Hulaifah, they dismounted and began eating dates. Abu Basir said to one of them, “By Allah, this sword of yours seems very fine to me.” The other drew it from its sheath and said, “Yes, it is very good. I have tested it many times.” Abu Basir said, “Let me see it.” He handed it to Abu Basir, who killed him with it. The other fled to Madinah and entered the mosque. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) saw him and said, “He must be frightened…” Then the narrator mentioned the entire hadith and said: The Quraysh were forced to send someone to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), pleading by Allah and kinship to call Abu Basir and his companions to Madinah. They said, “If Abu Basir and his companions come to Madinah, then whoever comes to you as a Muslim from us will be safe (we will not take him back).” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) called Abu Basir and all his companions to Madinah, and Allah revealed this verse: «وهوالذي كف ايديهم عنكم وايديكم عنهم» up to His saying «حمية الجاهلية». The meaning of “zealotry of ignorance” is that the Quraysh did not acknowledge the Prophethood of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), did not accept writing “Bismillah ar-Rahman ar-Raheem,” and prevented the Muslims from the Ka’bah.
The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) addressed his companions and said, “O people! What is your opinion? Should I turn towards their families and capture those who want to prevent me from the Ka’bah? If they come to help their families, their group will be broken, and if not, we will leave them impoverished. In any case, it will be their loss.” Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said, “O Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), you have set out with the intention of the Ka’bah, not for battle. You should proceed towards the Ka’bah, and whoever stops us, we will fight them.” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “Very well (then proceed in the name of Allah).” So, everyone set out.
On the way, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “Khalid bin Walid is waiting with two hundred horsemen of the Quraysh at Ghamim to block our path, so you should also turn to the right (towards Khalid’s side).” All the people turned to the right, and Khalid did not realize until he saw the dust of the army rising. Seeing the dust, Khalid quickly went and warned the Quraysh of the arrival of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him). The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) continued as usual until he reached the hill from which people descend into Makkah. There, his she-camel sat down and would not get up despite much effort. People said, “Qaswa (the name of the Prophet’s she-camel) has become stubborn.” The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “Qaswa has not become stubborn by herself, nor is this her habit. Rather, she has been stopped by the One who stopped the people of the elephant.” Then he said, “By the One in Whose hand is my soul, whatever the people of Makkah ask of me to maintain the sanctity of the Haram, I will grant it to them.” After this, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) prodded the she-camel, and she immediately stood up. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) then took a different route to avoid the people of Makkah and camped at a place on the other side of Hudaybiyyah where there was little water. The people took whatever little water was there. When all the water was drawn and none was left, a complaint was made to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) about the lack of water. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) took an arrow from his quiver and gave it to the companions, instructing them to place it in the water. As soon as the arrow was placed in the water, it began to gush forth so much that everyone drank to their fill, and still, water remained.
After saying this, Budayl left and went to the Quraysh, telling them, “We have come to you from so-and-so person, and he has said something to us. If you wish, we can convey it to you.” The foolish among the Quraysh said, “We have no need to hear what he has to say,” but the wise ones said, “Tell us what he said.” Budayl conveyed all the words of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). Upon hearing this, ‘Urwah bin Mas’ud stood up and said, “O people, am I not your father?” They said, “Indeed, you are.” He said, “Am I not your child?” They said, “Yes.” ‘Urwah said, “Do you consider me a suspicious person?” They said, “No.” ‘Urwah said, “Do you not know that I was the one who called the people of ‘Ukaz to help you, and when they did not come, I came to you with my family and dependents?” They said, “Indeed.” ‘Urwah said, “This man has spoken the truth; accept what he says and allow me to go to him.” The people said, “Go.” ‘Urwah came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and began to converse with him. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to him what he had said to Budayl. ‘Urwah said, “O Muhammad! If you prevail and destroy your own people, have you ever heard of anyone who destroyed his own people? And if the other thing happens (the Quraysh prevail), by Allah, I see many faces here who will flee and leave you, for there are people of various tribes among you.” Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) became angry and said, “Will we leave the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and flee?” ‘Urwah asked, “Who is this?” The people said, “Abu Bakr.” ‘Urwah said to Abu Bakr, “By the One in Whose hand is my soul, if it were not for a favor you did for me in the past which I have not yet repaid, I would have answered you.” Then he resumed talking to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and while talking, he would repeatedly touch the Prophet’s beard. Mughirah bin Shu’bah (may Allah be pleased with him) was standing behind the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) with a sword, wearing armor (for protection). Whenever ‘Urwah reached out to touch the Prophet’s beard, Mughirah would strike his hand with the hilt of his sword and say, “Remove your hand from the beard of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him).” ‘Urwah would withdraw his hand. Finally, ‘Urwah asked, “Who is this?” The people said, “This is Mughirah bin Shu’bah.” ‘Urwah said, “O deceiver! Did I not strive to erase your treachery?” The fact was that Mughirah bin Shu’bah, in the days of ignorance, had lived with a tribe, deceived them, killed them, and taken their wealth, then came and accepted Islam. When he pledged allegiance to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), the Prophet said, “I accept your Islam, but I have nothing to do with the matter of the wealth.”
In summary, ‘Urwah began to stare at the companions of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). By Allah, whenever the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) spat, before it fell to the ground, someone would catch it in his hand and rub it on his face. Whenever a hair of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) fell, the companions would catch it before it touched the ground. Whatever the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) commanded, everyone would rush to fulfill it before the others. When the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) performed ablution, the companions would almost fight over the water. When speaking in his presence, they would lower their voices, and out of extreme respect, they would not look at him directly. After witnessing all this, ‘Urwah returned and said to his people, “O people! By Allah, I have been an envoy to kings. I have been to the courts of Caesar, Chosroes, and the Negus, but I have never seen any king whose people honor him as the companions of Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) honor him. By Allah, when he spits, it falls into someone’s hand, who rubs it on his face and body. If he commands anything, everyone rushes to fulfill it. When he performs ablution, people are ready to fight over the water. When they speak in his presence, they lower their voices, and out of respect, no one looks at him directly. He has presented you with the best proposal, so accept it.”
When ‘Urwah finished speaking, a man from the tribe of Banu Kinana said, “Let me go to them.” Everyone permitted him, and he set out to meet the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). When he appeared before the companions, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “This is so-and-so from such-and-such tribe. His people greatly honor the sacrificial camels, so present the camels before him.” The sacrificial camels were brought before him, and the people chanted the Talbiyah in his presence. When he saw this, he said, “It is not appropriate to prevent these people from the Ka’bah.” He returned and told his people, “I saw garlands on their camels and the marks of sacrifice. In my opinion, it is not right to prevent them from the Ka’bah.” After his speech, a man named Mikraz stood up and said, “Let me go to them.” Everyone permitted him, and he set out to meet the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). When he appeared before the companions, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “This is Mikraz, and he is a wicked man.” Mikraz came and spoke with the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). While they were talking, Suhail bin Amr arrived from the Quraysh. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to the companions, “Now your matter will be made easy.” Suhail came and said, “Let us write our own peace treaty.” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) called the scribe and said, “Write: «بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم».” Suhail said, “By Allah, I do not know what ‘Ar-Rahman’ is. Do not write this, but write as we used to write before: ‘Bismik Allahumma.’” The Muslims said, “By Allah, we will only write ‘Bismillah ar-Rahman ar-Raheem.’” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “Write ‘Bismik Allahumma.’” Then he said, “Write: This is the peace treaty which Muhammad, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), has concluded.” Suhail said, “By Allah, if we believed you were the Messenger of Allah, we would not prevent you from the Ka’bah nor fight you. So do not write ‘Messenger of Allah,’ but write ‘Muhammad bin Abdullah.’” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “Even if you do not accept me, by Allah, I am the Messenger of Allah. (Fine) Write ‘Muhammad bin Abdullah.’” Zuhri says, “The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) showed this leniency because he had already said that whatever the Quraysh demand from me to maintain the sanctity and honor of the Haram, I will grant it.”
The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “This peace treaty is on the condition that you allow us to go to the Ka’bah so that we may perform Tawaf.” Suhail said, “By Allah, the Arabs will talk about us being forced under pressure (so not this year), but next year it can happen.” The scribe wrote this as well. Then Suhail said, “There should also be a condition in the treaty that if anyone from us comes to you, even if he is on your religion, you must return him to us.” The Muslims said, “SubhanAllah! How can we return someone who comes as a Muslim to the polytheists?” While they were discussing this, Suhail bin Amr’s son, Abu Jandal, came, shackled in chains, having escaped from the lower part of Makkah. He fell before the Muslims. Suhail said, “O Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him), this is the first condition on which I will make peace with you. Return him to us.” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “We have not yet completed the treaty.” Suhail said, “By Allah, I will never make peace on any condition.” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “At least grant me this one.” Suhail said, “I will not.” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “Do it.” Suhail said, “I will not.” Mikraz said, “We allow you this one,” (but Mikraz’s statement was not accepted). Abu Jandal said, “O Muslims! I have come as a Muslim, and now I will be returned to the polytheists, even though you see the hardships I have endured from them.” The fact is that Abu Jandal had been severely tortured by the disbelievers.
Hazrat Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) heard this and went to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and said, “O Messenger of Allah! Are you not the true Prophet of Allah?” He replied, “Yes, indeed.” Hazrat Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said, “Are we not upon the truth and our enemies upon falsehood?” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “Yes, indeed.” Hazrat Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said, “Then why should we accept humiliation in our religion?” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “I am the Messenger of Allah; I will not disobey Him. He is my Helper.” Hazrat Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said, “Did you not tell us that we would soon reach the Ka’bah and perform Tawaf?” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “Yes, I did say that, but did I say that we would reach it this year?” Hazrat Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said, “No, you did not say that.” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “Then you will reach the Ka’bah and perform Tawaf.”
Hazrat Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) says, “I went to Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) and said, ‘O Abu Bakr! Is he not the true Prophet of Allah?’ Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said, ‘Indeed, he is.’ I said, ‘Are we not upon the truth and our enemies upon falsehood?’ Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said, ‘Indeed, we are.’ I said, ‘Then why should we accept humiliation in our religion?’ Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said, ‘O man, he is surely the Messenger of Allah. He will not disobey his Lord, and He is his Helper. Act according to his command. By Allah, he is upon the truth.’ Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) said, ‘Did he not tell us that we would soon reach the Ka’bah and perform Tawaf?’ Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with him) said, ‘Indeed, he said so, but did he say that you would reach it this year?’ I said, ‘No.’ Abu Bakr said, ‘Then you will reach the Ka’bah and perform Tawaf.’” Hazrat Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) says, “To make up for this shortcoming (hesitation in obeying the command), I performed many good deeds.”
The narrator states that when the treaty was completed, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said to the companions, “Get up, slaughter your animals, and shave your heads.” But none of the companions stood up, even though the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said it three times. When no one stood up, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) went inside to Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her) and mentioned what the people had done. Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her) said, “O Messenger of Allah! It seems best that you quietly get up, without saying anything to anyone, go and perform your sacrifice, and call the barber to shave your head.” After consulting her, the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) got up, went out without saying anything to anyone, performed the sacrifice, and called the barber to shave his head. When the people saw this, they themselves got up, performed their sacrifices, and began shaving each other’s heads. Due to the crowd, it was almost as if some would kill others.
After this, some women came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), and Allah revealed this verse: «يا ايها الذين آمنوا اذاجاء كم المؤمنات مهاجرات» etc. According to this verse, on that day, Hazrat Umar (may Allah be pleased with him) divorced his two wives who were still in the state of polytheism. One of them was later married by Muawiyah bin Abi Sufyan and the other by Safwan bin Umayyah. After these matters were settled, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) returned to Madinah.
After reaching Madinah, a Qurayshi named Abu Basir became Muslim and came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). The disbelievers sent two men in search of him. They came and said, “Fulfill your agreement.” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) handed Abu Basir over to them, and they took him with them. When they reached Dhul-Hulaifah, they dismounted and began eating dates. Abu Basir said to one of them, “By Allah, this sword of yours seems very fine to me.” The other drew it from its sheath and said, “Yes, it is very good. I have tested it many times.” Abu Basir said, “Let me see it.” He handed it to Abu Basir, who killed him with it. The other fled to Madinah and entered the mosque. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) saw him and said, “He must be frightened.” He came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) and said, “My companion has been killed, and I am about to be killed.” Meanwhile, Abu Basir also arrived and said, “O Messenger of Allah! By Allah, you have fulfilled your covenant. You handed me over to them, but Allah saved me from them.” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said, “Woe to him! He will ignite the fire of war. If only he had a helper (to take him to Makkah)!” When Abu Basir saw that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) would hand him over to the disbelievers, he left and went towards the coast. Abu Jandal also escaped from Makkah and joined Abu Basir. Then, whenever anyone escaped from the Quraysh as a Muslim, he would join Abu Basir, until their group numbered about seventy men. Now, whenever a Quraysh caravan went to Syria and they heard of it, they would intercept it, kill the people, and seize the goods. The Quraysh were forced to send someone to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), pleading by Allah and kinship to call Abu Basir and his companions to Madinah. They said, “If Abu Basir and his companions come to Madinah, then whoever comes to you as a Muslim from us will be safe (we will not take him back).” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) called Abu Basir and all his companions to Madinah, and Allah revealed this verse: “And He it is Who withheld their hands from you and your hands from them…” up to His saying, “the zealotry of ignorance.” The meaning of “zealotry of ignorance” is that the Quraysh did not acknowledge the Prophethood of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), did not accept writing “Bismillah ar-Rahman ar-Raheem,” and prevented the Muslims from the Ka’bah.
The previous hadith is also narrated with a slight difference in another chain, and in it, it is also mentioned: After reaching Madinah, a Qurayshi named Abu Basir became Muslim and came to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him). The disbelievers sent two men in search of him. They came and said, “Fulfill your agreement.” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) handed Abu Basir over to them, and they took him with them. When they reached Dhul-Hulaifah, they dismounted and began eating dates. Abu Basir said to one of them, “By Allah, this sword of yours seems very fine to me.” The other drew it from its sheath and said, “Yes, it is very good. I have tested it many times.” Abu Basir said, “Let me see it.” He handed it to Abu Basir, who killed him with it. The other fled to Madinah and entered the mosque. The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) saw him and said, “He must be frightened…” Then the narrator mentioned the entire hadith and said: The Quraysh were forced to send someone to the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him), pleading by Allah and kinship to call Abu Basir and his companions to Madinah. They said, “If Abu Basir and his companions come to Madinah, then whoever comes to you as a Muslim from us will be safe (we will not take him back).” The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) called Abu Basir and all his companions to Madinah, and Allah revealed this verse: «وهوالذي كف ايديهم عنكم وايديكم عنهم» up to His saying «حمية الجاهلية». The meaning of “zealotry of ignorance” is that the Quraysh did not acknowledge the Prophethood of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), did not accept writing “Bismillah ar-Rahman ar-Raheem,” and prevented the Muslims from the Ka’bah.
