صحيح مسلم
Muslim
كتاب الفضائلThe Book of Virtues
باب مِنْ فَضَائِلِ الْخَضِرِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ:
Chapter: The Virtues Of Al-Khadir, Peace Be Upon Him
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Hadith 2380
حَدَّثَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ النَّاقِدُ ، وَإِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْحَنْظَلِيُّ ، وَعُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي عُمَرَ الْمَكِّيُّ كُلُّهُمْ ، عَنْ ابْنِ عُيَيْنَةَ وَاللَّفْظُ لِابْنِ أَبِي عُمَرَ ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ ، حَدَّثَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ دِينَارٍ ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ ، قَالَ : قُلْتُ لِابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ : إِنَّ نَوْفًا الْبِكَالِيَّ ، يَزْعُمُ أَنَّ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَام ، صَاحِبَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ ، لَيْسَ هُوَ مُوسَى ، صَاحِبَ الْخَضِرِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَام ، فَقَالَ : كَذَبَ عَدُوُّ اللَّهِ ، سَمِعْتُ أُبَيَّ بْنَ كَعْبٍ ، يَقُولُ : سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، يَقُولُ : " قَامَ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَام ، خَطِيبًا فِي بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ ، فَسُئِلَ أَيُّ النَّاسِ أَعْلَمُ ؟ فَقَالَ : أَنَا أَعْلَمُ ، قَالَ : فَعَتَبَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ ، إِذْ لَمْ يَرُدَّ الْعِلْمَ إِلَيْهِ ، فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ ، أَنَّ عَبْدًا مِنْ عِبَادِي بِمَجْمَعِ الْبَحْرَيْنِ ، هُوَ أَعْلَمُ مِنْكَ ، قَالَ مُوسَى : أَيْ رَبِّ ، كَيْفَ لِي بِهِ ؟ فَقِيلَ لَهُ : احْمِلْ حُوتًا فِي مِكْتَلٍ ، فَحَيْثُ تَفْقِدُ الْحُوتَ فَهُوَ ثَمَّ فَانْطَلَقَ ، وَانْطَلَقَ مَعَهُ فَتَاهُ ، وَهُوَ يُوشَعُ بْنُ نُونٍ ، فَحَمَلَ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَام ، حُوتًا فِي مِكْتَلٍ ، وَانْطَلَقَ هُوَ وَفَتَاهُ يَمْشِيَانِ ، حَتَّى أَتَيَا الصَّخْرَةَ ، فَرَقَدَ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَام ، وَفَتَاهُ ، فَاضْطَرَبَ الْحُوتُ فِي الْمِكْتَلِ ، حَتَّى خَرَجَ مِنَ الْمِكْتَلِ ، فَسَقَطَ فِي الْبَحْرِ ، قَالَ : وَأَمْسَكَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ جِرْيَةَ الْمَاءِ ، حَتَّى كَانَ مِثْلَ الطَّاقِ ، فَكَانَ لِلْحُوتِ سَرَبًا ، وَكَانَ لِمُوسَى وَفَتَاهُ عَجَبًا ، فَانْطَلَقَا بَقِيَّةَ يَوْمِهِمَا ، وَلَيْلَتِهِمَا ، وَنَسِيَ صَاحِبُ مُوسَى أَنْ يُخْبِرَهُ ، فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحَ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَام ، قَالَ لِفَتَاهُ : آتِنَا غَدَاءَنَا ، لَقَدْ لَقِينَا مِنْ سَفَرِنَا هَذَا نَصَبًا ، قَالَ : وَلَمْ يَنْصَبْ ، حَتَّى جَاوَزَ الْمَكَانَ الَّذِي أُمِرَ بِهِ ، قَالَ : أَرَأَيْتَ إِذْ أَوَيْنَا إِلَى الصَّخْرَةِ ، فَإِنِّي نَسِيتُ الْحُوتَ ، وَمَا أَنْسَانِيهُ ، إِلَّا الشَّيْطَانُ أَنْ أَذْكُرَهُ ، وَاتَّخَذَ سَبِيلَهُ فِي الْبَحْرِ عَجَبًا ، قَالَ مُوسَى : ذَلِكَ مَا كُنَّا نَبْغِ ، فَارْتَدَّا عَلَى آثَارِهِمَا قَصَصًا ، قَالَ : يَقُصَّانِ آثَارَهُمَا ، حَتَّى أَتَيَا الصَّخْرَةَ ، فَرَأَى رَجُلًا مُسَجًّى عَلَيْهِ بِثَوْبٍ ، فَسَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِ مُوسَى ، فَقَالَ لَهُ الْخَضِرُ : أَنَّى بِأَرْضِكَ السَّلَامُ ، قَالَ : أَنَا مُوسَى ، قَالَ مُوسَى : بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ ، قَالَ : نَعَمْ ، قَالَ : إِنَّكَ عَلَى عِلْمٍ مِنْ عِلْمِ اللَّهِ ، عَلَّمَكَهُ اللَّهُ ، لَا أَعْلَمُهُ ، وَأَنَا عَلَى عِلْمٍ مِنْ عِلْمِ اللَّهِ ، عَلَّمَنِيهِ ، لَا تَعْلَمُهُ ، قَالَ لَهُ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَام : هَلْ أَتَّبِعُكَ عَلَى أَنْ تُعَلِّمَنِي مِمَّا عُلِّمْتَ رُشْدًا ؟ قَالَ : إِنَّكَ لَنْ تَسْتَطِيعَ مَعِيَ صَبْرًا ، وَكَيْفَ تَصْبِرُ عَلَى مَا لَمْ تُحِطْ بِهِ خُبْرًا ، قَالَ سَتَجِدُنِي إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ صَابِرًا ، وَلَا أَعْصِي لَكَ أَمْرًا ، قَالَ لَهُ الْخَضِرُ : فَإِنِ اتَّبَعْتَنِي ، فَلَا تَسْأَلْنِي عَنْ شَيْءٍ ، حَتَّى أُحْدِثَ لَكَ مِنْهُ ذِكْرًا ، قَالَ : نَعَمْ ، فَانْطَلَقَ الْخَضِرُ ، وَمُوسَى يَمْشِيَانِ عَلَى سَاحِلِ الْبَحْرِ ، فَمَرَّتْ بِهِمَا سَفِينَةٌ ، فَكَلَّمَاهُمْ أَنْ يَحْمِلُوهُمَا ، فَعَرَفُوا الْخَضِرَ ، فَحَمَلُوهُمَا بِغَيْرِ نَوْلٍ ، فَعَمَدَ الْخَضِرُ إِلَى لَوْحٍ مِنْ أَلْوَاحِ السَّفِينَةِ ، فَنَزَعَهُ ، فَقَالَ لَهُ مُوسَى : قَوْمٌ حَمَلُونَا بِغَيْرِ نَوْلٍ ، عَمَدْتَ إِلَى سَفِينَتِهِمْ ، فَخَرَقْتَهَا لِتُغْرِقَ أَهْلَهَا ، لَقَدْ جِئْتَ شَيْئًا إِمْرًا ، قَالَ : أَلَمْ أَقُلْ إِنَّكَ لَنْ تَسْتَطِيعَ مَعِيَ صَبْرًا ، قَالَ : لَا تُؤَاخِذْنِي بِمَا نَسِيتُ ، وَلَا تُرْهِقْنِي مِنْ أَمْرِي عُسْرًا ، ثُمَّ خَرَجَا مِنَ السَّفِينَةِ ، فَبَيْنَمَا هُمَا يَمْشِيَانِ عَلَى السَّاحِلِ ، إِذَا غُلَامٌ يَلْعَبُ مَعَ الْغِلْمَانِ ، فَأَخَذَ الْخَضِرُ بِرَأْسِهِ ، فَاقْتَلَعَهُ بِيَدِهِ ، فَقَتَلَهُ ، فَقَالَ مُوسَى : أَقَتَلْتَ نَفْسًا زَاكِيَةً بِغَيْرِ نَفْسٍ ، لَقَدْ جِئْتَ شَيْئًا نُكْرًا ، قَالَ : أَلَمْ أَقُلْ لَكَ إِنَّكَ لَنْ تَسْتَطِيعَ مَعِيَ صَبْرًا ، قَالَ : وَهَذِهِ أَشَدُّ مِنَ الْأُولَى ، قَالَ : إِنْ سَأَلْتُكَ عَنْ شَيْءٍ بَعْدَهَا ، فَلَا تُصَاحِبْنِي ، قَدْ بَلَغْتَ مِنْ لَدُنِّي عُذْرًا ، فَانْطَلَقَا حَتَّى إِذَا أَتَيَا أَهْلَ قَرْيَةٍ ، اسْتَطْعَمَا أَهْلَهَا ، فَأَبَوْا أَنْ يُضَيِّفُوهُمَا ، فَوَجَدَا فِيهَا جِدَارًا يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَنْقَضَّ ، فَأَقَامَهُ يَقُولُ مَائِلٌ ، قَالَ الْخَضِرُ بِيَدِهِ هَكَذَا فَأَقَامَهُ ، قَالَ لَهُ مُوسَى : قَوْمٌ أَتَيْنَاهُمْ فَلَمْ يُضَيِّفُونَا ، وَلَمْ يُطْعِمُونَا لَوْ شِئْتَ لَتَخِذْتَ عَلَيْهِ أَجْرًا ، قَالَ : هَذَا فِرَاقُ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنِكَ سَأُنَبِّئُكَ بِتَأْوِيلِ مَا لَمْ تَسْتَطِعْ عَلَيْهِ صَبْرًا ، قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : يَرْحَمُ اللَّهُ مُوسَى لَوَدِدْتُ أَنَّهُ كَانَ صَبَرَ حَتَّى يُقَصَّ عَلَيْنَا مِنْ أَخْبَارِهِمَا ، قَالَ : وَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : كَانَتِ الْأُولَى مِنْ مُوسَى نِسْيَانًا ، قَالَ : وَجَاءَ عُصْفُورٌ حَتَّى وَقَعَ عَلَى حَرْفِ السَّفِينَةِ ثُمَّ نَقَرَ فِي الْبَحْرِ ، فَقَالَ لَهُ الْخَضِرُ : مَا نَقَصَ عِلْمِي وَعِلْمُكَ مِنْ عِلْمِ اللَّهِ ، إِلَّا مِثْلَ مَا نَقَصَ هَذَا الْعُصْفُورُ مِنَ الْبَحْرِ " ، قَالَ سَعِيدُ بْنُ جُبَيْرٍ : وَكَانَ يَقْرَأُ وَكَانَ أَمَامَهُمْ مَلِكٌ يَأْخُذُ كُلَّ سَفِينَةٍ صَالِحَةٍ غَصْبًا ، وَكَانَ يَقْرَأُ ، وَأَمَّا الْغُلَامُ فَكَانَ كَافِرًا .
Amr bin Muhammad Naqid, Ishaq bin Ibrahim Hanzali, Ubaidullah bin Saeed, and Muhammad bin Abi Umar Makki—all of them narrated to us from Ibn Uyaynah. The wording is that of Ibn Abi Umar. Sufyan bin Uyaynah said: Amr bin Dinar narrated to us from Saeed bin Jubair, who said: I said to Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) that Nauf Bikali says that Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him), who was the Prophet of the Children of Israel, is someone else, and the Musa who went to Khidr (peace be upon him) is someone else. He said: The enemy of Allah lies. I heard Sayyiduna Ubayy bin Ka’b (may Allah be pleased with him) say, he said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) stood to deliver a sermon to his people, the Children of Israel. He was asked: Who among the people has the most knowledge? He said: I do. (This was disliked by Allah Almighty.) So Allah expressed displeasure with him because he did not say: Allah knows best. Then Allah revealed to him: At the junction of the two seas there is a servant of Mine who is more knowledgeable than you. Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) said: O Lord! How can I meet him? It was said: Take a fish and place it in a basket; where the fish is lost, there you will find that servant. Upon hearing this, Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) set out with his companion Yusha’ bin Nun (peace be upon him), and they placed a fish in a basket. They walked until they reached a rock (a certain place), and Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) and his companion fell asleep. The fish moved until it slipped out of the basket and fell into the river, and Allah Almighty stopped the flow of water over it until the water stood still like an arch, and a dry path was made for the fish. Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) and his companion were amazed. Then they both walked for a day and a night, and Musa’s companion forgot to tell him about the fish. When morning came, Musa (peace be upon him) said to his companion: Bring us our breakfast; we have certainly become tired from this journey. And the fatigue only occurred after they passed the place where they were commanded to go. He said: Do you not know that when we reached the rock, I forgot the fish, and Satan made me forget to mention it, and it is amazing that the fish took its way into the sea. Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) said: That is what we were seeking. So they both retraced their steps until they reached the rock. There they saw a man covered with a garment, so Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) greeted him with salam. He said: Where is salam in your land? Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) said: I am Musa. He said: Musa of the Children of Israel? Sayyiduna Musa said: Yes. Sayyiduna Khidr (peace be upon him) said: Allah has given you knowledge which I do not know, and He has given me knowledge which you do not know. Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) said: I want to stay with you so that you may teach me the knowledge you have been given. Sayyiduna Khidr (peace be upon him) said: You will not be able to have patience with me, and how can you be patient with that which you do not comprehend? Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) said: If Allah wills, you will find me patient, and I will not disobey you in any matter. Sayyiduna Khidr (peace be upon him) said: Well, if you accompany me, do not ask me about anything until I mention it to you myself. Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) said: Very well. So Khidr (peace be upon him) and Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) both walked along the seashore until a boat passed by. They asked the boatmen to take them aboard. The boatmen recognized Sayyiduna Khidr (peace be upon him) and took both of them on board without charge. Sayyiduna Khidr (peace be upon him) removed a plank from the boat. Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) said: These people took us on board without charge, and you have damaged their boat to drown its people? You have done a grave thing. Sayyiduna Khidr (peace be upon him) said: Did I not say that you would not be able to have patience with me? Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) said: Do not hold me accountable for my forgetfulness, and do not be hard on me. Then both of them disembarked and walked along the seashore until they met a boy playing with other boys. Sayyiduna Khidr (peace be upon him) seized his head and killed him. Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) said: You have killed an innocent soul without right; you have done a terrible thing. Sayyiduna Khidr (peace be upon him) said: Did I not tell you that you would not be able to have patience with me? And this was even more severe than the previous matter. Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) said: If I question you about anything after this, then do not keep me with you; indeed, you would have a valid excuse against me. Then both of them went on until they came to a town. They asked its people for food, but they refused. Then they found a wall about to collapse, and Sayyiduna Khidr (peace be upon him) set it straight with his own hands. Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) said: We asked these townspeople for food, and they refused to feed us. If you wished, you could have taken payment for it. Sayyiduna Khidr (peace be upon him) said: This is the parting between me and you. Now I will tell you the interpretation of those things over which you could not have patience. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “May Allah have mercy on Musa (peace be upon him). I wish he had been patient so that we could have learned more of their story.” And he (peace be upon him) said: “The first objection of Sayyiduna Musa (peace be upon him) was due to forgetfulness.” Then a bird came and sat on the edge of the boat and dipped its beak into the sea. Sayyiduna Khidr (peace be upon him) said: I and you have learned from the knowledge of Allah only as much as this bird has diminished the water of the sea. Sayyiduna Saeed bin Jubair said: Sayyiduna Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with them both) used to recite «وَكَانَ أَمَامَهُمْ مَلِكٌ يَأْخُذُ كُلَّ سَفِينَةٍ غَصْبًا» “Ahead of those boatmen was a king who seized every sound boat by force, unjustly,” and he used to recite «وَأَمَّا الْغُلَامُ فَكَانَ كَافِرًا» “That boy was a disbeliever.”
Hadith 2380
حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْأَعْلَى الْقَيْسِيُّ ، حَدَّثَنَا الْمُعْتَمِرُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ التَّيْمِيُّ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ رَقَبَةَ ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحاقَ ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ ، قَالَ : قِيلَ لِابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ : إِنَّ نَوْفًا يَزْعُمُ أَنَّ مُوسَى الَّذِي ذَهَبَ يَلْتَمِسُ الْعِلْمَ ، لَيْسَ بِمُوسَى بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ ، قَالَ : أَسَمِعْتَهُ يَا سَعِيدُ ؟ قُلْتُ : نَعَمْ ، قَالَ : كَذَبَ نَوْفٌ .
Sa'id bin jubair reported: I said to Ibn Abbas (RA) that Nauf al-Bikali was of the opinion that Moses (ؑ) (peace be upon him), the Apostle (ﷺ) of Bani Isra'il, was not the same who accompanied Khadir, whereupon he said: The enemy of Allah tells a lie. I heard Ubayy bin Ka'b say: Moses (ؑ) (peace be upon him) stood up to give sermon to the people of Isra'il. He was asked as to who amongst the people has the best knowledge, whereupon he said: I have the best knowledge. Thereupon Allah was annoyed with him that he did not attribute (the best knowledge) to Him. He revealed to him: A servant amongst My servants is at the junction of two rivers who has more knowledge than yours. Moses (ؑ) said: How can I meet him? It was said to him: Carry a fish in the large basket and the place where you find it missing there you will find him. Thereupon Moses (ؑ) proceeded forth along with a young man (Yusha'). Joshua bin Nun and Moses (ؑ) (peace be upon him) put the fish in the basket and there went along with him the young man (Yusha') until they came to a certain rock and Moses (ؑ) and his companion went to sleep and the fish stirred in that basket and fell into the ocean and Allah stopped the current of water like a vault until the way was made for the fish. Moses (ؑ) and his young companion were astonished and they walked for the rest of the day and the night and the friend of Moses (ؑ) forgot to inform him of this incident. When it was morning, Moses (ؑ) (peace be upon him) said to the young man: Bring for us the breakfast for we are dead tired because of this journey, and they did not feel exhausted until they had passed that place where they had been commanded (to stay). He said: Don't you know that when we reached the Sakhra (rock) I forgot the fisii and noth ng made me forget it but the satan that I. could nit remember it? How strange is it that the fish found a way in the river? Moses (ؑ) said: That was what we had been aiming at. Then both of them retraced their steps until they reached Sakhra; there they saw a man covered with a cloth. Moses (ؑ) greeted him. Khadir said to him: Where is as-Salam in our country? He said: I am Moses (ؑ), whereupon he (Khadir) said: You mean the Moses (ؑ) of Bani Isra'il? He said: Yes. He (Khadir) said: You have a knowledge out of the knowledge of Allah which in fact Allah imparted to you and about that I know nothing and I have knowledge out of Allah's knowledge which He imparted to me and about that you do not know. Moses (ؑ) (peace be upon him) said to him: May I follow you so that you may teach me that with which you have been taught righteousness. He said: You will not be able to bear with me; how you will be able to bear that about which you do not know? Moses (ؑ) said: Thou will find me patient, nor shalt I disobey you in aught. Khadir said to him: If you were to follow me, then do not ask me about anything until I myself speak to you about it. He said: Yes. So Khadir and Moses (ؑ) set forth on the bank of the river that there came before them a boat. Both of them talked to them (the owners of the boat) so that they might carry both of them. They had recognised Khadir and they carried them free. Khadir thereupon took hold of a plank in the boat and broke it away. Moses (ؑ) said: These people have carried us without any charge and you attempt to break their boat so that the people sailing in the boat may drown. This is (something) grievous that you have done. He said: Did I not say that you would not bear with me? He said: Blame me not for what I forgot and be not hard upon what I did. Then both of them got down from the boat and began to walk along the coastline that they saw a boy who had been playing with other boys. Khadir pulled up his head and killed him. Moses (ؑ) said: Have you killed an innocent person who is in no way guilty of slaying another? You have done something horrible. Thereupon he said: Did I not say to you that you will not be able to bear with me? He ( Moses (ؑ)) said: This (act) is more grievous than the first one. He ( Moses (ؑ)) further said. If I ask you about anything after this, keep not company with me, then you would no doubt find (a plausible) excuse for this. Then they both walked on until they reached the inhabitants of a village. They asked its inhabitants for food but they refused to entertain them as their guests. They found in it a wall which had been bent on one side and was about to fall. Khadir set it right with his own hand. Moses (ؑ), said to him: It is the people to whom we came but they showed us no hospitality and they did not serve us food. If you wish you can get wages for it. He (Khadir) said: This is the parting of ways between me and you. Now I wish to reveal to you the significance of that for which you could not bear with me. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said. May Allah have mercy upon Moses (ؑ)! I wish if Moses (ؑ) could show patience and a (fuller) story of both of them could have been told. Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said that the first thing which Moses (ؑ) said was out of forgetfulness. Then there came a sparrow until it perched on the wall of the boat and took water from the ocean. Thereupon, Khadir said: My knowledge and your knowledge in comparison with the knowledge of Allah is even less than the water taken by the sparrow in its beak in comparison to the water of the ocean, and Sa'id bin jubair used to recite (verses 79 and 8O of Sura Kahf) in this way: There was before them a king who used to seize every boat by force which was in order, the boy was an unbeliever.
Hadith 2380
حَدَّثَنَا أُبَيُّ بْنُ كَعْبٍ ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، يَقُولُ : " إِنَّهُ بَيْنَمَا مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَام فِي قَوْمِهِ يُذَكِّرُهُمْ بِأَيَّامِ اللَّهِ ، وَأَيَّامُ اللَّهِ نَعْمَاؤُهُ وَبَلَاؤُهُ ، إِذْ قَالَ : مَا أَعْلَمُ فِي الْأَرْضِ رَجُلًا خَيْرًا وَأَعْلَمَ مِنِّي ، قَالَ : فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَيْهِ إِنِّي أَعْلَمُ بِالْخَيْرِ مِنْهُ ، أَوْ عِنْدَ مَنْ هُوَ إِنَّ فِي الْأَرْضِ رَجُلًا هُوَ أَعْلَمُ مِنْكَ ، قَالَ : يَا رَبِّ فَدُلَّنِي عَلَيْهِ ، قَالَ : فَقِيلَ لَهُ : تَزَوَّدْ حُوتًا مَالِحًا فَإِنَّهُ حَيْثُ تَفْقِدُ الْحُوتَ ، قَالَ : فَانْطَلَقَ هُوَ وَفَتَاهُ حَتَّى انْتَهَيَا إِلَى الصَّخْرَةِ ، فَعُمِّيَ عَلَيْهِ فَانْطَلَقَ وَتَرَكَ فَتَاهُ ، فَاضْطَرَبَ الْحُوتُ فِي الْمَاءِ فَجَعَلَ لَا يَلْتَئِمُ عَلَيْهِ ، صَارَ مِثْلَ الْكُوَّةِ ، قَالَ : فَقَالَ فَتَاهُ : أَلَا أَلْحَقُ نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ فَأُخْبِرَهُ ، قَالَ : فَنُسِّيَ ، فَلَمَّا تَجَاوَزَا ، قَالَ لِفَتَاهُ : آتِنَا غَدَاءَنَا لَقَدْ لَقِينَا مِنْ سَفَرِنَا هَذَا نَصَبًا ، قَالَ : وَلَمْ يُصِبْهُمْ نَصَبٌ حَتَّى تَجَاوَزَا ، قَالَ : فَتَذَكَّرَ ، قَالَ : أَرَأَيْتَ إِذْ أَوَيْنَا إِلَى الصَّخْرَةِ ، فَإِنِّي نَسِيتُ الْحُوتَ وَمَا أَنْسَانِيهُ إِلَّا الشَّيْطَانُ أَنْ أَذْكُرَهُ ، وَاتَّخَذَ سَبِيلَهُ فِي الْبَحْرِ عَجَبًا ، قَالَ : ذَلِكَ مَا كُنَّا نَبْغِي فَارْتَدَّا عَلَى آثَارِهِمَا قَصَصًا ، فَأَرَاهُ مَكَانَ الْحُوتِ ، قَالَ : هَاهُنَا وُصِفَ لِي ، قَالَ : فَذَهَبَ يَلْتَمِسُ فَإِذَا هُوَ بِالْخَضِرِ ، مُسَجًّى ثَوْبًا مُسْتَلْقِيًا عَلَى الْقَفَا ، أَوَ قَالَ : عَلَى حَلَاوَةِ الْقَفَا ، قَالَ : السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكُمْ فَكَشَفَ الثَّوْبَ عَنْ وَجْهِهِ ، قَالَ : وَعَلَيْكُمُ السَّلَامُ ، مَنْ أَنْتَ ؟ قَالَ : أَنَا مُوسَى ، قَالَ : وَمَنْ مُوسَى ؟ قَالَ : مُوسَى بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ ، قَالَ مَجِيءٌ : مَا جَاءَ بِكَ ؟ قَالَ : جِئْتُ تُعَلِّمَنِ مِمَّا عُلِّمْتَ رُشْدًا { 66 } قَالَ إِنَّكَ لَنْ تَسْتَطِيعَ مَعِيَ صَبْرًا { 67 } وَكَيْفَ تَصْبِرُ عَلَى مَا لَمْ تُحِطْ بِهِ خُبْرًا { 68 } سورة الكهف آية 66-68 شَيْءٌ أُمِرْتُ بِهِ أَنْ أَفْعَلَهُ إِذَا رَأَيْتَهُ لَمْ تَصْبِرْ قَالَ سَتَجِدُنِي إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ صَابِرًا وَلا أَعْصِي لَكَ أَمْرًا { 69 } قَالَ فَإِنِ اتَّبَعْتَنِي فَلا تَسْأَلْنِي عَنْ شَيْءٍ حَتَّى أُحْدِثَ لَكَ مِنْهُ ذِكْرًا { 70 } فَانْطَلَقَا حَتَّى إِذَا رَكِبَا فِي السَّفِينَةِ خَرَقَهَا سورة الكهف آية 69-71 قَالَ : انْتَحَى عَلَيْهَا ، قَالَ لَهُ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَام : أَخَرَقْتَهَا لِتُغْرِقَ أَهْلَهَا لَقَدْ جِئْتَ شَيْئًا إِمْرًا { 71 } قَالَ أَلَمْ أَقُلْ إِنَّكَ لَنْ تَسْتَطِيعَ مَعِيَ صَبْرًا { 72 } قَالَ لا تُؤَاخِذْنِي بِمَا نَسِيتُ وَلا تُرْهِقْنِي مِنْ أَمْرِي عُسْرًا { 73 } فَانْطَلَقَا حَتَّى إِذَا لَقِيَا سورة الكهف آية 71-74 غِلْمَانًا يَلْعَبُونَ ، قَالَ : فَانْطَلَقَ إِلَى أَحَدِهِمْ بَادِيَ الرَّأْيِ فَقَتَلَهُ ، فَذُعِرَ عِنْدَهَا مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَام ذَعْرَةً مُنْكَرَةً قَالَ أَقَتَلْتَ نَفْسًا زَكِيَّةً بِغَيْرِ نَفْسٍ لَقَدْ جِئْتَ شَيْئًا نُكْرًا سورة الكهف آية 74 فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : عِنْدَ هَذَا الْمَكَانِ رَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْنَا وَعَلَى مُوسَى لَوْلَا أَنَّهُ عَجَّلَ لَرَأَى الْعَجَبَ ، وَلَكِنَّهُ أَخَذَتْهُ مِنْ صَاحِبِهِ ذَمَامَةٌ قَالَ إِنْ سَأَلْتُكَ عَنْ شَيْءٍ بَعْدَهَا فَلا تُصَاحِبْنِي قَدْ بَلَغْتَ مِنْ لَدُنِّي عُذْرًا سورة الكهف آية 76 وَلَوْ صَبَرَ لَرَأَى الْعَجَبَ ، قَالَ : وَكَانَ إِذَا ذَكَرَ أَحَدًا مِنَ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ بَدَأَ بِنَفْسِهِ رَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْنَا وَعَلَى أَخِي كَذَا رَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْنَا فَانْطَلَقَا حَتَّى إِذَا أَتَيَا أَهْلَ قَرْيَةٍ سورة الكهف آية 77 لِئَامًا فَطَافَا فِي الْمَجَالِسِ فَاسْتَطْعَمَا أَهْلَهَا فَأَبَوْا أَنْ يُضَيِّفُوهُمَا فَوَجَدَا فِيهَا جِدَارًا يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَنْقَضَّ فَأَقَامَهُ قَالَ لَوْ شِئْتَ لاتَّخَذْتَ عَلَيْهِ أَجْرًا { 77 } قَالَ هَذَا فِرَاقُ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنِكَ سورة الكهف آية 77-78 وَأَخَذَ بِثَوْبِهِ ، قَالَ سَأُنَبِّئُكَ بِتَأْوِيلِ مَا لَمْ تَسْتَطِعْ عَلَيْهِ صَبْرًا { 78 } أَمَّا السَّفِينَةُ فَكَانَتْ لِمَسَاكِينَ يَعْمَلُونَ فِي الْبَحْرِ سورة الكهف آية 78-79 إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ ، فَإِذَا جَاءَ الَّذِي يُسَخِّرُهَا وَجَدَهَا مُنْخَرِقَةً ، فَتَجَاوَزَهَا فَأَصْلَحُوهَا بِخَشَبَةٍ وَأَمَّا الْغُلامُ سورة الكهف آية 80 فَطُبِعَ يَوْمَ طُبِعَ كَافِرًا ، وَكَانَ أَبَوَاهُ قَدْ عَطَفَا عَلَيْهِ ، فَلَوْ أَنَّهُ أَدْرَكَ أَرْهَقَهُمَا طُغْيَانًا وَكُفْرًا فَأَرَدْنَا أَنْ يُبْدِلَهُمَا رَبُّهُمَا خَيْرًا مِنْهُ زَكَاةً وَأَقْرَبَ رُحْمًا { 81 } وَأَمَّا الْجِدَارُ فَكَانَ لِغُلامَيْنِ يَتِيمَيْنِ فِي الْمَدِينَةِ وَكَانَ تَحْتَهُ سورة الكهف آية 81-82 إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ " .
Hazrat Ubayy bin Ka'b (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated to us a hadith, saying: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) say: "One day Musa (peace be upon him) was sitting among his people, reminding them of the days of Allah (and) by the days of Allah is meant Allah's blessings and His trials. At that time, he (in response to a question) said: To my knowledge, there is no one on the face of the earth better than me or more knowledgeable than me. Upon this, Allah Almighty revealed to him that I know of a person who is better than (Musa) or (He said:) who has more knowledge than him; there is a man on earth who is more knowledgeable than you." (Musa, peace be upon him) said: My Lord, guide me to him. (The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him) said: "He was told: Take a salted fish as provision; the man will be at the place where the fish is lost from you." He said: Musa (peace be upon him) and his young companion set out until they reached a rock, and a kind of drowsiness overcame them (Musa, peace be upon him), and he went ahead leaving his young companion behind. The fish (came to life and) jumped and went into the water. The water did not gather over it, but became like a tunnel. The young man (saw the fish going into the water and) said: Should I not go to the Prophet of Allah (Musa, peace be upon him) and inform him of this? He said: Then this matter was also forgotten by him. When they had gone further, he said to his young companion: Bring us our food for this day; we have suffered much fatigue in this journey. He said: They did not feel tired until they had passed that place. He said: Then the young man remembered and said: Did you see when we sat by the rock, I forgot the fish, and it was only Satan who made me forget to mention it, and it is amazing that (the fish) took its way into the water (alive). He (Musa) said: That is what we were seeking. Then they both retraced their steps, following their footprints. He showed them the place of the fish. He said: I was told about this very place. They set out in search, and they saw Khidr (peace be upon him) wrapped in a cloth, lying on his back (straight), or he said: lying on the middle of his back. They said: As-salamu alaikum! (Khidr, peace be upon him) said: Wa alaikum as-salam! He asked: Who are you? He said: I am Musa (peace be upon him). He asked: Which Musa? He said: Musa of Bani Israel. He asked: What brings you here? He said: I have come so that you may teach me the right guidance which you have been taught. (Khidr, peace be upon him) said: You will not be able to have patience with me. (Musa, peace be upon him) said: InshaAllah, you will find me patient, and I will not disobey you in any matter. He said: If you follow me, then do not ask me about anything until I myself mention it to you. Then they both set out until, when they boarded a boat, he (Khidr, peace be upon him) made a hole in it. He said: He pressed his side against the boat (which caused a crack in it). Musa (peace be upon him) said to him: Did you make a hole in it to drown its people? You have done a strange thing. (Khidr, peace be upon him) said: Did I not say that you would not be able to have patience with me? (Musa, peace be upon him) said: Do not call me to account for what I forgot, and do not be hard upon me in my matter. Then both of them set out until they met some boys who were playing. He (Khidr, peace be upon him) went quickly to one of the boys and killed him. At this Musa (peace be upon him) was greatly disturbed. He said: Have you killed an innocent soul without (its having killed) a soul? The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "May Allah have mercy on us and on Musa (peace be upon him)! If he had not been hasty, he would have seen (even more) amazing things, but he felt embarrassed before his companion." He said: If I ask you about anything after this, then do not keep me with you; you have received an excuse from me. And (he said:) "If Musa (peace be upon him) had been patient, he would have witnessed (even more) wonders." (Ubayy bin Ka'b, may Allah be pleased with him) said: Whenever the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) mentioned any of the Prophets (peace be upon them), he would begin with himself: "May Allah have mercy on us and on our such-and-such brother, may Allah have mercy on us!" Then both of them (went on) until they came to a town of miserly people. They went around to several gatherings and asked the people for food, but they flatly refused to host them. Then they saw in that (town) a wall that was about to collapse, so he (Khidr, peace be upon him) set it straight. (Musa, peace be upon him) said: If you wished, you could have taken a wage for it. He said: This is the parting between me and you. And he (Musa, peace be upon him) held onto his garment (so that they would not part and said: Tell me the reality of these matters). He said: I will now tell you the reality of those (matters) on which you could not have patience. As for the boat, it belonged to poor people who worked at sea." «حَتَّى إِذَا أَتَيَا أَهْلَ قَرْيَةٍ» to the end of the verse. "When the one who seizes it comes, he will find it defective and will pass by, and these people will fix it with a plank of wood. And as for the boy, the day his nature was created, it was created upon disbelief. His parents were greatly attached to him. If he had reached maturity, he would have wearied them with his rebellion and disbelief. We wished that Allah would give them in exchange a child better in purity and closer in affection. And as for the wall, it belonged to two orphan boys in the city (and beneath it was their treasure)." «وَكَانَ أَبُوهُمَا صَالِحًا» to the end of the verse.
Hadith 2380
وحَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الدَّارِمِيُّ ، أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يُوسُفَ . ح وحَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ ، أَخْبَرَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُوسَى كِلَاهُمَا ، عَنْ إِسْرَائِيلَ ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ بِإِسْنَادِ التَّيْمِيِّ ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ ، نَحْوَ حَدِيثِهِ .
This hadith has been transmitted on the authority of Abu Ishaq.
Hadith 2380
وحَدَّثَنَا عَمْرٌو النَّاقِدُ ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ ، عَنْ عَمْرٍو ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ ، عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ، عَنْ أُبَيِّ بْنِ كَعْبٍ " أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَرَأَ : 0 لَتَّخِذْتَ عَلَيْهِ أَجْرًا 0 " .
Ibn 'Abbas has reported this hadith on the authority of Ubayy bin ka'b that Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) used to recite this.
Hadith 2380
حَدَّثَنِي حَرْمَلَةُ بْنُ يَحْيَي ، أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ ، أَخْبَرَنِي يُونُسُ ، عَنْ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ، أَنَّهُ تَمَارَى هُوَ وَالْحُرُّ بْنُ قَيْسِ بْنِ حِصْنٍ الْفَزَارِيُّ فِي صَاحِبِ مُوسَى عَلَيْهِ السَّلَام ، فَقَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ : هُوَ الْخَضِرُ فَمَرَّ بِهِمَا أُبَيُّ بْنُ كَعْبٍ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ ، فَدَعَاهُ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ فَقَالَ : يَا أَبَا الطُّفَيْلِ : هَلُمَّ إِلَيْنَا فَإِنِّي قَدْ تَمَارَيْتُ أَنَا وَصَاحِبِي هَذَا فِي صَاحِبِ مُوسَى الَّذِي سَأَلَ السَّبِيلَ إِلَى لُقِيِّهِ ، فَهَلْ سَمِعْتَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَذْكُرُ شَأْنَهُ ؟ فَقَالَ أُبَيٌّ : سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، يَقُولُ : " بَيْنَمَا مُوسَى فِي مَلَإٍ مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ إِذْ جَاءَهُ رَجُلٌ ، فَقَالَ لَهُ : هَلْ تَعْلَمُ أَحَدًا أَعْلَمَ مِنْكَ ؟ قَالَ مُوسَى : لَا ، فَأَوْحَى اللَّهُ إِلَى مُوسَى بَلْ عَبْدُنَا الْخَضِرُ ، قَالَ : فَسَأَلَ مُوسَى السَّبِيلَ إِلَى لُقِيِّهِ ، فَجَعَلَ اللَّهُ لَهُ الْحُوتَ آيَةً ، وَقِيلَ لَهُ إِذَا افْتَقَدْتَ الْحُوتَ ، فَارْجِعْ فَإِنَّكَ سَتَلْقَاهُ ، فَسَارَ مُوسَى مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ أَنْ يَسِيرَ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ لِفَتَاهُ : آتِنَا غَدَاءَنَا ، فَقَالَ فَتَى مُوسَى حِينَ سَأَلَهُ الْغَدَاءَ : أَرَأَيْتَ إِذْ أَوَيْنَا إِلَى الصَّخْرَةِ ، فَإِنِّي نَسِيتُ الْحُوتَ وَمَا أَنْسَانِيهِ إِلَّا الشَّيْطَانُ أَنْ أَذْكُرَهُ ، فَقَالَ مُوسَى لِفَتَاهُ : ذَلِكَ مَا كُنَّا نَبْغِي ، فَارْتَدَّا عَلَى آثَارِهِمَا قَصَصًا فَوَجَدَا خَضِرًا ، فَكَانَ مِنْ شَأْنِهِمَا مَا قَصَّ اللَّهُ فِي كِتَابِهِ إِلَّا أَنَّ يُونُسَ ، قَالَ : فَكَانَ يَتَّبِعُ أَثَرَ الْحُوتِ فِي الْبَحْرِ " .
'Utba bin Mas, ud reported that 'Abdullah bin 'Abbas contended with Hurr bin Qais bin Hisn al-Fazari about the companion of Moses (ؑ) (peace be upon him). Ibn 'Abbas said that he was Khadir. There happened to pass Ubayy bin Ka'b Ansari. Ibn Abbas (RA) called him and said: Abu Tufail, come to us. There has been a difference of opinion between me and my friend about the companion of Moses (ؑ) whom he wanted to meet on the way. Did hear anything from Allah's messenger (ﷺ) making a mention of anything? Ubayy said: I heard Allah's Messenger (may Peace be upon him) as saying: As Moses (ؑ) was amongst the group of Bani Isra'il, there came to him a person and he said to him: Do you know anyone having better knowledge than you? Moses (ؑ) said: No. Thereupon Allah revealed to Moses (ؑ): Of course, there is amongst Our servants Khadir (who has better knowledge) than you. Moses (ؑ) asked the way of meeting him. Allah made the fish a sign and it was said to him: Where you miss the fish return to that (place) and you will soon find him. So Moses (ؑ) moved on as Allah wished him to move on. He then said to his young companion: Bring for us the breakfast. Thereupon that young man said to Moses (ؑ), when he asked him for the breakfast: Don't you see that as we had reached the Sakhra I forgot the fish and nobody made it forget (in our mind) but the satan that I should remind you of it? Moses (ؑ) said to that young man: This was what we wanted. So they retraced their steps and met Khadir and the events which followed have been described in His Book except that Yunus (the narrator) said that he followed the traces of fish in the ocean.
