صحيح مسلم
Sahih Muslim
كتاب القسامة
The Book of Oaths
باب صُحْبَةِ الْمَمَالِيكِ وَكَفَّارَةِ مَنْ لَطَمَ عَبْدَهُ:
Chapter: Treatment of slaves, and the expiation of one who slaps his slave
Hadith 1657
حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو كَامِلٍ فُضَيْلُ بْنُ حُسَيْنٍ الْجَحْدَرِيُّ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَوَانَةَ ، عَنْ فِرَاسٍ ، عَنْ ذَكْوَانَ أَبِي صَالِحٍ ، عَنْ زَاذَانَ أَبِي عُمَرَ ، قَالَ : " أَتَيْتُ ابْنَ عُمَرَ وَقَدْ أَعْتَقَ مَمْلُوكًا ، قَالَ : فَأَخَذَ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ عُودًا أَوْ شَيْئًا ، فَقَالَ : مَا فِيهِ مِنَ الْأَجْرِ مَا يَسْوَى هَذَا إِلَّا أَنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، يَقُولُ : مَنْ لَطَمَ مَمْلُوكَهُ أَوْ ضَرَبَهُ فَكَفَّارَتُهُ أَنْ يُعْتِقَهُ " .
Zadhan Abl Umar reported: I came to Ibn 'Umar as he had granted freedom to a slave. He (the narrator further) said: He took hold of a wood or something like it from the earth and said: It (freedom of a slave) has not the reward evert equal to it, but the fact that I heard Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) say: He who slaps his slave or beats him, the expiation for it is that he should set him free.
Hadith 1657
وحَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى ، وَابْنُ بَشَّارٍ وَاللَّفْظُ لِابْنِ الْمُثَنَّى ، قَالَا : حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ ، عَنْ فِرَاسٍ ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ ذَكْوَانَ يُحَدِّثُ ، عَنْ زَاذَانَ : " أَنَّ ابْنَ عُمَرَ دَعَا بِغُلَامٍ لَهُ ، فَرَأَى بِظَهْرِهِ أَثَرًا ، فَقَالَ لَهُ : أَوْجَعْتُكَ ؟ قَالَ : لَا ، قَالَ : فَأَنْتَ عَتِيقٌ ، قَالَ : ثُمَّ أَخَذَ شَيْئًا مِنَ الْأَرْضِ ، فَقَالَ : مَا لِي فِيهِ مِنَ الْأَجْرِ مَا يَزِنُ هَذَا إِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، يَقُولُ : " مَنْ ضَرَبَ غُلَامًا لَهُ حَدًّا لَمْ يَأْتِهِ أَوْ لَطَمَهُ فَإِنَّ كَفَّارَتَهُ أَنْ يُعْتِقَهُ " ،
Zadhan reported that Ibn 'Umar (RA) called his slave and he found the marks (of beating) upon his back. He said to him: I have caused you pain. He said: No. But he ( Ibn 'Umar (RA) ) said: You are free. He then took hold of something from the earth and said: There is no reward for me even to the weight equal to it. I heard Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying: He who beats a slave without cognizable offence of his or slaps him (without any serious fault), then expiation for it is that he should set him free.
Hadith 1657
وحَدَّثَنَاه أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ ، حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ . ح وحَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ كِلَاهُمَا ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ ، عَنْ فِرَاسٍ بِإِسْنَادِ شُعْبَةَ ، وَأَبِي عَوَانَةَ أَمَّا حَدِيثُ ابْنِ مَهْدِيٍّ ، فَذَكَرَ فِيهِ حَدًّا لَمْ يَأْتِهِ وَفِي حَدِيثِ وَكِيعٍ مَنْ لَطَمَ عَبْدَهُ وَلَمْ يَذْكُرِ الْحَدَّ .
This hadith has been narrated through another chain of transmitters with a slight variation of words.
Hadith 1658
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ نُمَيْرٍ . ح وحَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ نُمَيْرٍ وَاللَّفْظُ لَهُ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ ، عَنْ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ كُهَيْلٍ ، عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ ، قَالَ : " لَطَمْتُ مَوْلًى لَنَا ، فَهَرَبْتُ ثُمَّ جِئْتُ قُبَيْلَ الظُّهْرِ ، فَصَلَّيْتُ خَلْفَ أَبِي فَدَعَاهُ وَدَعَانِي ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : امْتَثِلْ مِنْهُ فَعَفَا ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : كُنَّا بَنِي مُقَرِّنٍ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ لَيْسَ لَنَا إِلَّا خَادِمٌ وَاحِدَةٌ ، فَلَطَمَهَا أَحَدُنَا فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ : أَعْتِقُوهَا ، قَالُوا : لَيْسَ لَهُمْ خَادِمٌ غَيْرُهَا ، قَالَ : " ، فَإِذَا اسْتَغْنَوْا عَنْهَا فَلْيُخَلُّوا سَبِيلَهَا " .
Mu'awiyah bin Suwaid reported: I slapped a slave belonging to us and then fled away. I came back just before noon and offered prayer behind my father. He called him (the slave) and me and said: Do as he has done to you. He granted pardon. He (my father) then said: We belonged to the family of Muqarrin during the lifetime of Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him, and had only one slave-girl and one of us slapped her. This news reached Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) and he said: Set her free. They (the members of the family) said: There is no other servant except she. Thereupon he said: Then employ her and when you can afford to dispense with her services, then set her free.
Hadith 1658
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ نُمَيْرٍ وَاللَّفْظُ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ ، قَالَا : حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ إِدْرِيسَ ، عَنْ حُصَيْنٍ ، عَنْ هِلَالِ بْنِ يَسَافٍ ، قَالَ : عَجِلَ شَيْخٌ فَلَطَمَ خَادِمًا لَهُ ، فَقَالَ لَهُ سُوَيْدُ بْنُ مُقَرِّنٍ : " عَجَزَ عَلَيْكَ إِلَّا حُرُّ وَجْهِهَا ، لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُنِي سَابِعَ سَبْعَةٍ مِنْ بَنِي مُقَرِّنٍ ، مَا لَنَا خَادِمٌ إِلَّا وَاحِدَةٌ لَطَمَهَا أَصْغَرُنَا ، فَأَمَرَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ نُعْتِقَهَا " ،
Hilal bin Yasaf reported that a person got angry and slapped his slave-girl. Thereupon Suwaid bin Muqarrin said to him: You could find no other part (to slap) but the prominent part of her face. See I was one of the seven sons of Muqarrin, and we had but only one slave-girl. The youngest of us slapped her, and Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) commanded us to set her free. 2097
Hadith 1658
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى ، وَابْنُ بَشَّارٍ ، قَالَا : حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي عَدِيٍّ ، عَنْ شُعْبَةَ ، عَنْ حُصَيْنٍ ، عَنْ هِلَالِ بْنِ يَسَافٍ ، قَالَ : كُنَّا نَبِيعُ الْبَزَّ فِي دَارِ سُوَيْدِ بْنِ مُقَرِّنٍ أَخِي النُّعْمَانِ بْنِ مُقَرِّنٍ ، فَخَرَجَتْ جَارِيَةٌ فَقَالَتْ لِرَجُلٍ مِنَّا كَلِمَةً ، فَلَطَمَهَا فَغَضِبَ سُوَيْدٌ فَذَكَرَ نَحْوَ حَدِيثِ ابْنِ إِدْرِيسَ .
Hilal bin Yasaf reported: We used to sell cloth in the house of Suwaid bin Muqarrin, the brother of Nu'man bin Muqarrin. There came out a slave-girl, and she said something to a person amongst us, and he slapped her. Suwaid was enraged-the rest of the hadlth is the same.
Hadith 1658
وحَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَارِثِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الصَّمَدِ ، حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي ، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ ، قَالَ : قَالَ لِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُنْكَدِرِ : مَا اسْمُكَ ؟ ، قُلْتُ : شُعْبَةُ ، فَقَالَ مُحَمَّدٌ ، حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو شُعْبَةَ الْعِرَاقِيُّ ، عَنْ سُوَيْدِ بْنِ مُقَرِّنٍ : " أَنَّ جَارِيَةً لَهُ لَطَمَهَا إِنْسَانٌ ، فَقَالَ لَهُ : سُوَيْدٌ أَمَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ الصُّورَةَ مُحَرَّمَةٌ ، فَقَالَ : لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُنِي وَإِنِّي لَسَابِعُ إِخْوَةٍ لِي مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَمَا لَنَا خَادِمٌ غَيْرُ وَاحِدٍ ، فَعَمَدَ أَحَدُنَا فَلَطَمَهُ فَأَمَرَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ نُعْتِقَهُ " ،
Suwaid bin Muqarrin reported that he had a slave-girl and a person (one of the members of the family) slapped her, whereupon Suwaid said to him: Don't you know that it is forbidden to strike the face. He said: You see I was the seventh one amongst my brothers during the lifetime of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) , and we had but only one servant. One of us got enraged and slapped him. Thereupon Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) commanded us to set him free.
Hadith 1658
وحَدَّثَنَاه إِسْحَاق بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى ، عَنْ وَهْبِ بْنِ جَرِيرٍ ، أَخْبَرَنَا شُعْبَةُ ، قَالَ : قَالَ لِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُنْكَدِرِ ؟ مَا اسْمُكَ ؟ فَذَكَرَ بِمِثْلِ حَدِيثِ عَبْدِ الصَّمَدِ .
Wahb bin Jarir reported: Shu'bah informed that Muhammad bin Munkadir said to me: What is your name? The rest of the hadith is the same.
Hadith 1659
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو كَامِلٍ الْجَحْدَرِيُّ ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الْوَاحِدِ يَعْنِي ابْنَ زِيَادٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا الْأَعْمَشُ ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ التَّيْمِيِّ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، قَالَ : قَالَ أَبُو مَسْعُودٍ الْبَدْرِيُّ : " كُنْتُ أَضْرِبُ غُلَامًا لِي بِالسَّوْطِ ، فَسَمِعْتُ صَوْتًا مِنْ خَلْفِي اعْلَمْ أَبَا مَسْعُودٍ فَلَمْ أَفْهَمْ الصَّوْتَ مِنَ الْغَضَبِ ، قَالَ : فَلَمَّا دَنَا مِنِّي إِذَا هُوَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَإِذَا هُوَ ، يَقُولُ : اعْلَمْ أَبَا مَسْعُودٍ اعْلَمْ أَبَا مَسْعُودٍ ، قَالَ : فَأَلْقَيْتُ السَّوْطَ مِنْ يَدِي ، فَقَالَ : اعْلَمْ أَبَا مَسْعُودٍ أَنَّ اللَّهَ أَقْدَرُ عَلَيْكَ مِنْكَ عَلَى هَذَا الْغُلَامِ ، فَقُلْتُ : لَا أَضْرِبُ مَمْلُوكًا بَعْدَهُ أَبَدًا " ،
Abu Mas'ud al-Badri reported: I was beating my slave with a whip when I heard a voice behind me: Understand, Abu Masud; but I did not recognise the voice due to intense anger. He (Abu Mas'ud) reported: As he came near me (I found) that he was the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and he was saying: Bear in mind, Abu Mas'ud; bear in mind, Abu Mas'ud. He (Abu Mas'ud) said: I threw the whip from my hand. Thereupon he (the Holy Prophet) said: Bear in mind, Abu Mas'ud; verily Allah has more dominance upon you than you have upon your slave. I (then) said: I would never beat my servant in future.
Hadith 1659
وحَدَّثَنَاه إِسْحَاق بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ، أَخْبَرَنَا جَرِيرٌ . ح وحَدَّثَنِي زُهَيْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ وَهُوَ الْمَعْمَرِيُّ ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ . ح وحَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رَافِعٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ ، أَخْبَرَنَا سُفْيَانُ . ح وحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ ، حَدَّثَنَا عَفَّانُ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عَوَانَةَ كُلُّهُمْ ، عَنْ الْأَعْمَشِ بِإِسْنَادِ عَبْدِ الْوَاحِدِ نَحْوَ حَدِيثِهِ غَيْرَ أَنَّ فِي حَدِيثِ جَرِيرٍ فَسَقَطَ مِنْ يَدِي السَّوْطُ مِنْ هَيْبَتِهِ .
This hadith has been narrated on the authority of A'mash but with this variation of words: "There fell from my hand the whip on account of his (the Prophet's) awe."
Hadith 1659
وحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو كُرَيْبٍ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَلَاءِ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ ، حَدَّثَنَا الْأَعْمَشُ ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ التَّيْمِيِّ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ أَبِي مَسْعُودٍ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ ، قَالَ : " كُنْتُ أَضْرِبُ غُلَامًا لِي فَسَمِعْتُ مِنْ خَلْفِي صَوْتًا اعْلَمْ أَبَا مَسْعُودٍ لَلَّهُ أَقْدَرُ عَلَيْكَ مِنْكَ عَلَيْهِ فَالْتَفَتُّ ، فَإِذَا هُوَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقُلْتُ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، هُوَ حُرٌّ لِوَجْهِ اللَّهِ ، فَقَالَ : أَمَا لَوْ لَمْ تَفْعَلْ لَلَفَحَتْكَ النَّارُ أَوْ لَمَسَّتْكَ النَّارُ " .
Abu Mas'ud al-Ansari reported: When I was beating my servant, I heard a voice behind me (saying): Abu Mas'ud, bear in mind Allah has more dominance over you than you have upon him. I turned and (found him) to be Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) . I said: Allah's Messenger, I set him free for the sake of Allah. Thereupon he said: Had you not done that, (the gates of) Hell would have opened for you, or the fire would have burnt you.
Hadith 1659
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى ، وَابْنُ بَشَّارٍ وَاللَّفْظُ لِابْنِ الْمُثَنَّى ، قَالَا : حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي عَدِيٍّ ، عَنْ شُعْبَةَ ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ التَّيْمِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ أَبِي مَسْعُودٍ : " أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَضْرِبُ غُلَامَهُ ، فَجَعَلَ يَقُولُ أَعُوذُ بِاللَّهِ ، قَالَ : فَجَعَلَ يَضْرِبُهُ ، فَقَالَ : أَعُوذُ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ، فَتَرَكَهُ ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : وَاللَّهِ لَلَّهُ أَقْدَرُ عَلَيْكَ مِنْكَ عَلَيْهِ ، قَالَ : فَأَعْتَقَهُ " ،
Abu Mas'ud reported that he had been beating his slave and he had been saying: I seek refuge with Allah, but he continued beating him, whereupon he said: I seek refuge with Allah's Messenger, and he spared him. Thereupon Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: By Allah, God has more dominance over you than you have over him (the slave). He said that he set him free.
Hadith 1659
وحَدَّثَنِيهِ بِشْرُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ ، أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدٌ يَعْنِي ابْنَ جَعْفَرٍ ، عَنْ شُعْبَةَ بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ قَوْلَهُ أَعُوذُ بِاللَّهِ أَعُوذُ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ .
This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Shu'bah with the same chain of transmitters, but made no mention of (these words) of his: I seek refuge with Allah, I seek refuge with Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) .
