صحيح مسلم
Muslim
كتاب الجنائزThe Book of Prayer - Funerals
باب الْمَيِّتُ يُعَذَّبُ بِبُكَاءِ أَهْلِهِ عَلَيْهِ:Chapter: The deceased is tormented because of his family's crying for him
Hadith 932
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو كُرَيْبٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ ، عَنْ هِشَامٍ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، قَالَ : ذُكِرَ عِنْدَ عَائِشَةَ ، أَنَّ ابْنَ عُمَرَ يَرْفَعُ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " إِنَّ الْمَيِّتَ يُعَذَّبُ فِي قَبْرِهِ بِبُكَاءِ أَهْلِهِ عَلَيْهِ " ، فَقَالَتْ : وَهِلَ إِنَّمَا قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " إِنَّهُ لَيُعَذَّبُ بِخَطِيئَتِهِ أَوْ بِذَنْبِهِ ، وَإِنَّ أَهْلَهُ لَيَبْكُونَ عَلَيْهِ الْآنَ " . وَذَاكَ مِثْلُ قَوْلِهِ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَامَ عَلَى الْقَلِيبِ يَوْمَ بَدْرٍ ، وَفِيهِ قَتْلَى بَدْرٍ مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ ، فَقَالَ لَهُمْ مَا قَالَ : " إِنَّهُمْ لَيَسْمَعُونَ مَا أَقُولُ " ، وَقَدْ وَهِلَ ، إِنَّمَا قَالَ : " إِنَّهُمْ لَيَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّ مَا كُنْتُ أَقُولُ لَهُمْ حَقٌّ " ، ثُمَّ قَرَأَتْ إِنَّكَ لا تُسْمِعُ الْمَوْتَى سورة النمل آية 80 ، وَمَا أَنْتَ بِمُسْمِعٍ مَنْ فِي الْقُبُورِ سورة فاطر آية 22 ، يَقُولُ : حِينَ تَبَوَّءُوا مَقَاعِدَهُمْ مِنَ النَّارِ .
Hisham narrated on the authority of his father that it was mentioned to 'A'isha that Ibn 'Umar had narrated as marfu' hadith from the Apostle of Allah (ﷺ) that the dead would be punished in the grave because of the lamentation of his family for him. Upon this she said: He (Ibn 'Umar) missed (the point). The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) had (in fact) said: He (the dead) is punished for his faults or for his sins, and the members of his family are wailing for him now. (This misunderstanding of Ibn 'Umar is similar to his saying:) The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) stood by the well in which were lying the dead bodies of those polytheists who had been killed on the Day of Badr, and he said to them what he had to say, i. e.: They hear what I say. But he (Ibn 'Umar) misunderstood. The Holy Prophet (ﷺ) had only said: They (the dead) understand that what I used to say to them was truth. She then recited:" Certainly, thou canst not make the dead hear the call" (xxvii. 80), nor can you make those hear who are in the graves, nor can you inform them when they have taken their seats in Hell.
• • •
وحَدَّثَنَاه أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ ، حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ ، حَدَّثَنَا هِشَامُ بْنُ عُرْوَةَ بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ بِمَعْنَى حَدِيثِ أَبِي أُسَامَةَ ، وَحَدِيثُ أَبِي أُسَامَةَ أَتَمُّ .
This hadith has been narrated by Ibn 'Urwa with the same chain of transmitters. The hadith narrated by Abu Usama is more complete.
• • •
وحَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ ، عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ فِيمَا قُرِئَ عَلَيْهِ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ عَمْرَةَ بِنْتِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ ، أَنَّهَا أَخْبَرَتْهُ ، أَنَّهَا سَمِعَتْ عَائِشَةَ ، وَذُكِرَ لَهَا أَنَّ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ ، يَقُولُ : " إِنَّ الْمَيِّتَ لَيُعَذَّبُ بِبُكَاءِ الْحَيِّ " ، فَقَالَتْ عَائِشَةُ : يَغْفِرُ اللَّهُ لِأَبِي عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ ، أَمَا إِنَّهُ لَمْ يَكْذِبْ ، وَلَكِنَّهُ نَسِيَ أَوْ أَخْطَأَ ، إِنَّمَا مَرَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَى يَهُودِيَّةٍ يُبْكَى عَلَيْهَا ، فَقَالَ : " إِنَّهُمْ لَيَبْكُونَ عَلَيْهَا ، وَإِنَّهَا لَتُعَذَّبُ فِي قَبْرِهَا " .
'Amra daughter of 'Abd al Rahman narrated that she heard (from) 'A'isha and made a mention to her about 'Abdullah bin 'Umar as saying: The dead is punished because of the lamentation of the living. Upon this 'A'isha said: May Allah have mercy upon the father of 'Abdul Rahman (Ibn 'Umar). He did not tell a lie, but he forgot or made a mistake. The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) happened to pass by a (dead) Jewess who was being lamented. Upon this he said: They weep over her and she is being punished in the grave.
• • •
Related hadith on this topic
Explanation & Benefits
Maulana Dawood Raz
Hadith Commentary:
Both meanings are possible here: that is, either due to the weeping of his family members, or due to his disbelief. In the second case, the meaning would be that while they are grieving over being separated from him, his soul is caught in punishment.
From this hadith, Imam Bukhari rahimahullah interpreted the following hadith of Umar radi Allahu anhu, that the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam intended the deceased who is a disbeliever.
However, Umar radi Allahu anhu understood it in a general sense, and for this reason, he objected to Suhayb radi Allahu anhu.
(Wahidi)
Both meanings are possible here: that is, either due to the weeping of his family members, or due to his disbelief. In the second case, the meaning would be that while they are grieving over being separated from him, his soul is caught in punishment.
From this hadith, Imam Bukhari rahimahullah interpreted the following hadith of Umar radi Allahu anhu, that the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam intended the deceased who is a disbeliever.
However, Umar radi Allahu anhu understood it in a general sense, and for this reason, he objected to Suhayb radi Allahu anhu.
(Wahidi)
Source: Sahih Bukhari: Commentary by Maulana Dawood Raz, Page: 1289
Maulana Ataullah Sajid
Benefit:
The meaning of the statement of Hazrat Aisha radi Allahu anha is that the deceased is not punished due to the weeping of the survivors.
Because the punishment for one person's actions cannot be given to another.
The Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam did not state this as a general law,
that the deceased is punished due to every mourner's weeping.
Rather, he said this upon seeing the Jews weeping over their dead, that what benefit does their weeping bring to him? He is already suffering the punishment for his sins.
Whether they weep or not, it is the same.
The opinion of Umm al-Mu'minin radi Allahu anha is correct in its own place, that what benefit does the deceased get from weeping and wailing? However, the meaning of the hadith appears more correct,
that he is also punished due to their weeping,
when he, during his lifetime, considered it good, encouraged it, or made a bequest for it. If this is not the case, then due to their weeping, wailing, and lamenting, he does feel regret,
that the occasion which was meant for taking a lesson,
even on that occasion, they are involved in sin.
Imam Bukhari rahimahullah has also indicated towards this. He says: (Chapter: The statement of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam that the deceased is punished due to some of the weeping of his family over him... when lamentation is his (family's) custom...) (Sahih al-Bukhari, Funerals, Chapter: 32)
The statement of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam that the deceased is punished due to some of the weeping of his family over him,
meaning, when weeping and wailing is a custom of his (family).
The meaning of the statement of Hazrat Aisha radi Allahu anha is that the deceased is not punished due to the weeping of the survivors.
Because the punishment for one person's actions cannot be given to another.
The Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam did not state this as a general law,
that the deceased is punished due to every mourner's weeping.
Rather, he said this upon seeing the Jews weeping over their dead, that what benefit does their weeping bring to him? He is already suffering the punishment for his sins.
Whether they weep or not, it is the same.
The opinion of Umm al-Mu'minin radi Allahu anha is correct in its own place, that what benefit does the deceased get from weeping and wailing? However, the meaning of the hadith appears more correct,
that he is also punished due to their weeping,
when he, during his lifetime, considered it good, encouraged it, or made a bequest for it. If this is not the case, then due to their weeping, wailing, and lamenting, he does feel regret,
that the occasion which was meant for taking a lesson,
even on that occasion, they are involved in sin.
Imam Bukhari rahimahullah has also indicated towards this. He says: (Chapter: The statement of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam that the deceased is punished due to some of the weeping of his family over him... when lamentation is his (family's) custom...) (Sahih al-Bukhari, Funerals, Chapter: 32)
The statement of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam that the deceased is punished due to some of the weeping of his family over him,
meaning, when weeping and wailing is a custom of his (family).
Source: Commentary on Sunan Ibn Mājah by Mawlānā ‘Atā’ullāh Sājid, Page: 1595
