صحيح مسلم
Muslim
كتاب الجمعةThe Book of Prayer - Friday
باب تَخْفِيفِ الصَّلاَةِ وَالْخُطْبَةِ:Chapter: Keeping the prayer and khutbah short
حَدَّثَنِي سُرَيْجُ بْنُ يُونُسَ ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ أَبْجَرَ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ وَاصِلِ بْنِ حَيَّانَ ، قَالَ : قَالَ أَبُو وَائِلٍ : خَطَبَنَا عَمَّارٌ فَأَوْجَزَ وَأَبْلَغَ ، فَلَمَّا نَزَلَ ، قُلْنَا : يَا أَبَا الْيَقْظَانِ لَقَدْ أَبْلَغْتَ وَأَوْجَزْتَ ، فَلَوْ كُنْتَ تَنَفَّسْتَ ، فَقَالَ : إِنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، يَقُولُ : " إِنَّ طُولَ صَلَاةِ الرَّجُلِ وَقِصَرَ خُطْبَتِهِ ، مَئِنَّةٌ مِنْ فِقْهِهِ ، فَأَطِيلُوا الصَّلَاةَ ، وَاقْصُرُوا الْخُطْبَةَ ، وَإِنَّ مِنَ الْبَيَانِ سِحْرًا " .
Abu Wa'il reported: 'Ammar delivered to us the sermon. It was short and eloquent. When he ('Ammar) descended (from the pulpit) we said to him: O Abdul Yaqzn, you have delivered a short and eloquent sermon. Would that you had lengthened (the sermon). He said: I have heard the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) as saying: The lengthening of prayer by a man and the shortness of the sermon is the sign of his understanding (of faith). So lengthen the prayer and shorten the sermon, for there is charm (in precise) expression.
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Maulana Abdul Aziz Alvi
Hadith Commentary:
Vocabulary of the Hadith:
(1)
Tanaffast:
You would breathe,
meaning, if you made the sermon a bit longer, it would be better.
(2)
Mi’nah:
The letter meem has a fatḥah, the hamzah has a kasrah, and the noon is mushaddad (doubled).
A sign,
by which something is recognized and identified.
(3)
“Inna mina al-bayan siḥran”:
Some eloquence is like magic,
meaning, just as magic has an immediate effect, likewise, some speech is so eloquent and effective that the listener is instantly influenced by it, and his heart is captivated by the orator; he can incline it wherever he wishes.
If the orator uses this for establishing the truth and refuting falsehood, then it is praiseworthy; but if it is used in support of falsehood against the truth, then it is blameworthy.
In any case, it is as effective as magic in every situation.
Benefits and Issues:
➊
Lengthening the prayer.
The prayer is related to one’s Creator and Master, and it consists of His remembrance and intimate supplication to Him.
Therefore, every person individually participates in it.
And in it, there is something to interest everyone.
Thus, tranquility, comfort, and moderation are required in it, and there is a need for lengthening the prayer.
But not to such an extent that it becomes a hardship and burden for the followers (muqtadis).
➋
Brevity in the sermon.
The sermon is related to the people,
the orator addresses them.
Not everyone has a role in it.
And the excellence and perfection of the orator is that his speech is comprehensive,
effective, and concise.
It should not be characterized by verbosity.
But, in its original form, since the orator expresses his linguistic skill and eloquence in it, it tends to be lengthy and long.
Therefore, the Friday sermon has been kept shorter than general sermons.
Because it has certain specific etiquettes and rulings, the observance of which is not required in general sermons.
Therefore, it should be shorter in comparison to them, so that it is possible for people to observe all its etiquettes and rulings, and to listen with utmost attention and reflection.
It is not possible to maintain focus and attention in lengthy speeches, nor is it easy to observe the etiquettes and rulings.
Vocabulary of the Hadith:
(1)
Tanaffast:
You would breathe,
meaning, if you made the sermon a bit longer, it would be better.
(2)
Mi’nah:
The letter meem has a fatḥah, the hamzah has a kasrah, and the noon is mushaddad (doubled).
A sign,
by which something is recognized and identified.
(3)
“Inna mina al-bayan siḥran”:
Some eloquence is like magic,
meaning, just as magic has an immediate effect, likewise, some speech is so eloquent and effective that the listener is instantly influenced by it, and his heart is captivated by the orator; he can incline it wherever he wishes.
If the orator uses this for establishing the truth and refuting falsehood, then it is praiseworthy; but if it is used in support of falsehood against the truth, then it is blameworthy.
In any case, it is as effective as magic in every situation.
Benefits and Issues:
➊
Lengthening the prayer.
The prayer is related to one’s Creator and Master, and it consists of His remembrance and intimate supplication to Him.
Therefore, every person individually participates in it.
And in it, there is something to interest everyone.
Thus, tranquility, comfort, and moderation are required in it, and there is a need for lengthening the prayer.
But not to such an extent that it becomes a hardship and burden for the followers (muqtadis).
➋
Brevity in the sermon.
The sermon is related to the people,
the orator addresses them.
Not everyone has a role in it.
And the excellence and perfection of the orator is that his speech is comprehensive,
effective, and concise.
It should not be characterized by verbosity.
But, in its original form, since the orator expresses his linguistic skill and eloquence in it, it tends to be lengthy and long.
Therefore, the Friday sermon has been kept shorter than general sermons.
Because it has certain specific etiquettes and rulings, the observance of which is not required in general sermons.
Therefore, it should be shorter in comparison to them, so that it is possible for people to observe all its etiquettes and rulings, and to listen with utmost attention and reflection.
It is not possible to maintain focus and attention in lengthy speeches, nor is it easy to observe the etiquettes and rulings.
Source: Tuhfat al-Muslim: Commentary on Sahih Muslim, Page: 2009
