Muslim

Hadith Commentary:
There is no question of any deficiency or excess in the obligatory duties prescribed by Allah.
This statement refers to voluntary (nafl) acts of worship.

Hadith Commentary:

That is, adopt truthfulness in every situation; you will perform righteous deeds, and glad tidings of Paradise as well as success in this world are given to you. There is an allusion to the Qur’anic verse: “Say a word that is straight (qawlan sadida)” (: al-A‘raf: 43).

‘Affan bin Muslim is the teacher of Imam Bukhari. By bringing this chain of narration, Imam Bukhari has refuted the assumption of ‘Ali bin ‘Abdullah al-Madini that the following narration is disconnected, because in this chain it is explicitly stated that Musa heard from Abu Salamah. In the hadith, the word “saduda” appeared; “sadid” and “asdad” share the same root. Due to this connection, Imam Bukhari has explained its interpretation here.

What is in the Noble Qur’an: “This is the Paradise which you have inherited because of what you used to do” (: al-A‘raf: 43) is not in contradiction, because righteous deeds are also among the causes for entering Paradise, but the real cause is the mercy and grace of Allah. Some have said that in the verse, what is meant is the elevation of ranks, not merely entry into Paradise, and elevation will be according to righteous deeds. This hadith refutes the Mu‘tazilah, who say that it is obligatory upon Allah to admit the doer of righteous deeds into Paradise.

May Allah protect us from such a claim.

Hadith Commentary:
(1)
In these hadiths, the importance and benefit of consistently performing an action with moderation is described. This topic does not have two separate components, but rather two aspects of the same component, because only that action can be performed consistently which is done with moderation and balance; if there is excess or deficiency in it, its benefit and importance are compromised. In numerous places in the Noble Qur’an, emphasis has been placed on maintaining moderation. We present only three verses:

* Allah, the Exalted, says:
“Do not recite your prayer too loudly, nor too quietly, but seek a way between.” (: Bani Isra’il: 110)

In this verse, Allah, the Exalted, commanded the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) not to recite the Qur’an in prayer so loudly that the polytheists would revile the Qur’an, nor so quietly that even your companions could not hear, but rather to adopt a moderate approach.

In another place, Allah, the Exalted, says:
“Do not keep your hand chained to your neck, nor extend it completely open, lest you become blameworthy and destitute.” (: Bani Isra’il: 17/29)

The meaning of this verse is that when spending, one should neither act with miserliness nor spend so much that nothing remains even for one’s own needs, but rather moderation should be adopted.

Regarding spending, Allah, the Exalted, gives this guidance:
“And those who, when they spend, are neither extravagant nor miserly, but hold a medium (way) between those (extremes).” (: Al-Furqan: 67)

This means that spending excessively even on necessary matters is blameworthy, and likewise, not spending money when needed but hoarding it is not pleasing to Allah, rather, the policy of moderation should be adopted.

(2)
The quality between extravagance and miserliness is called “iqtisad” or “qasd” (moderation or intention). This is the quality that Islam has approved. Iqtisad is that a person spends on his needs only as much as is necessary, neither less nor more. This is the very purpose of the chapter heading of Imam Bukhari rahimahullah and the hadiths he has presented. And Allah knows best.