Muslim

Hadith Commentary:
Benefits and Issues:
It is permissible to take retribution and revenge from the oppressor, although forgiveness and overlooking are superior. Retribution means that the same thing which the oppressor said is said back to him in response; in this case, the one who initiated is sinful. However, if in response, one retaliates with something harsher than what was said (i.e., returns a brick for a stone), then he too becomes a partner in the sin and will bear the punishment for his action.

Explanation:
1:
If the oppressed person exceeds limits in taking retribution from the oppressor, then in such a case, the burden of abusive language will fall upon the oppressed person himself, not upon the oppressor.

Benefits and Issues:
Whoever becomes the cause of a sin, then the burden of the sin committed by the other party also falls upon the one who initiated it.
Except in the case where the other party exceeds the bounds.

Takhrij:
[مسلم ، البر والصلته/68]
[تحفته الاشراف 232/10]

Benefits:

The Permissibility of Retaliating Against Insult:
In this hadith, it is considered permissible to retaliate against the person who initiates an insult, provided that the one retaliating limits himself to the same extent of insult as he received and does not exceed it. In this case, the sin of both will be upon the initiator, because he is the original cause of this exchange of insults.
«فَمَنِ اعْتَدَى عَلَيْكُمْ فَاعْتَدُوا عَلَيْهِ بِمِثْلِ مَا اعْتَدَى عَلَيْكُمْ» [2-البقرة:194]
“So whoever transgresses against you, transgress against him to the extent that he transgressed against you.”

The Virtue of Refraining from Responding to Insult:
However, if he exercises patience and endures, then this is superior and a cause for reward, because when a response begins, most of the time it leads to excess and gives an opportunity for Shaytan to interfere. Allah the Exalted has said:
«وَجَزَاءُ سَيِّئَةٍ سَيِّئَةٌ مِّثْلُهَا فَمَنْ عَفَا وَأَصْلَحَ فَأَجْرُهُ عَلَى اللَّـهِ» [42-الشورى:40]
“And the recompense of an evil is an evil like it, but whoever pardons and makes reconciliation, his reward is with Allah.”

It is narrated from Abu Hurairah radi Allahu anhu that a man insulted Abu Bakr radi Allahu anhu while the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam was sitting there. He kept expressing amazement and smiling. When the man said even worse things, Abu Bakr radi Allahu anhu responded to some of his words. The Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam became angry and stood up (and left). Abu Bakr radi Allahu anhu followed him and said, “O Messenger of Allah! He was insulting me while you were sitting there, but when I responded to some of his words, you became angry and stood up?” The Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said, “The matter is that there was an angel with you who was responding on your behalf. When you responded to some of his words, Shaytan entered, so I could not sit with Shaytan.” [مسند احمد 2/436]

Its narrators are the narrators of Sahih. [هيثمي]
Al-Albani graded it hasan. See: Sahih Abi Dawud [4897 ]