Muslim

Hadith Commentary:
The connection to the Book of Qadar (Divine Decree) is derived from the very words of the supplication.
By mentioning the chain of narration from ‘Abdah ibn Abi Lubabah, Imam Bukhari’s intent is to establish that ‘Abdah actually heard (this narration) from Warad, because in the following narration, this direct hearing (sama‘) is not explicitly stated.

Hadith Commentary:
The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) used to be diligent in reciting these words after the prayer because they contain the perfection of monotheism (tawhid) and mention the vastness of Allah’s power.

Imam Bukhari (rahimahullah) narrated this hadith in order to explain the effects of believing in divine decree (qadar): that through it, the believer’s creed becomes firm and steadfast, that the only one who possesses the power to give or withhold is Allah alone, just as the statement of Allah, the Exalted, is:

“If Allah intends harm for you, none can remove it except Him, and if He intends good for you, none can repel His bounty. He bestows it upon whom He wills among His servants.” (: Yunus 10:107)

As a result of a firm and steadfast creed, self-respect, courage, and bravery are produced.

Whoever’s belief is that all things are by Allah’s decree (qadar), he is not grieved over what has passed nor overtaken by worry for the future.

And Allah is the One whose help is sought.

Hadith Commentary:
Hazrat Amir Muawiyah bin Abi Sufyan radi Allahu anhuma was a Qurayshi Umayyad. His mother was Hind bint Utbah. He accepted Islam on the day of the conquest of Makkah.
Hazrat Farooq-e-Azam radi Allahu anhu appointed him as the governor of Syria during his caliphate. During the caliphate of Hazrat Uthman Ghani radi Allahu anhu, he also remained the ruler of Syria. In the time of Hazrat Ali radi Allahu anhu, he became the independent ruler of Syria, and after Hazrat Ali radi Allahu anhu, Hazrat Hasan entrusted the matter of caliphate to him in 41 AH.
He remained the ruler of Syria for forty years.
He passed away at the age of eighty due to paralysis in the month of Rajab.
He was a very wise and astute statesman.
He was a man of iron will.
During his rule, Islam had many opportunities to spread far and wide.

Hadith Commentary:
(1)
In reality, Amir Muawiyah radi Allahu anhu wrote a letter to Mughirah bin Shu’bah radi Allahu anhu, asking him to send the ahadith that he had heard from the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam. In response, he wrote and sent this hadith.
(Sahih al-Bukhari, Book of Zakat, Hadith: 1477) (2)
Ibn Battal has written that in these ahadith, there is encouragement for the remembrance of Allah after every prayer, and this act is equal to spending in the way of Allah. Furthermore, Imam Awza’i was asked whether the remembrance of Allah after prayer is better or the recitation of the Qur’an. He replied:
There is no deed better than the recitation of the Qur’an, but the way of the pious predecessors (salaf salihin) was to engage in remembrance and supplications (adhkar) after the prayer.
(Fath al-Bari: 11/162)

Hadith Commentary:
➊
Warrad was the scribe of al-Mughira ibn Shu‘bah (radi Allahu anhu).
His statement is that he went with a delegation to Mu‘awiya (radi Allahu anhu), and he observed that Mu‘awiya (radi Allahu anhu) used to narrate this hadith to the people frequently.
(Sahih al-Bukhari, al-Qadr, Hadith: 6615)
➋
This hadith contains a prohibition against excessive questioning.
Some people have the habit of asking unnecessary questions; their aim is not to improve their practical lives, but rather to show off and boast about themselves.
Some people are fond of nitpicking and hair-splitting.
Imam al-Bukhari rahimahullah’s purpose is to discourage such people; there is no prohibition against purposeful questions, because the Noble Qur’an commands:
“If you do not know, then ask the people of knowledge.”
(al-Nahl: 43)

Hadith Commentary:
(1)
By "qeel wa qaal" is meant such frivolous and useless talk that has no benefit. A believing servant should protect his tongue from such futile matters. The general teaching of the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) was that the tongue should be restrained from unnecessary and unbeneficial speech. Thus, in a hadith it is stated:
"The excellence of a person's Islam is that he avoids futile talk and unbeneficial actions." (Sunan Ibn Majah, Al-Fitan, Hadith: 3976)
(2)
The meaning of this hadith is that refraining from unnecessary and unbeneficial conversation, and protecting oneself from vain and futile occupations, is a sign of a person's good Islam and a quality of his faith. The purpose of Imam Bukhari (rahimahullah) also appears to be that a person should protect himself from frivolities.

Hadith Commentary:
(1)
Hazrat Mughirah bin Shu’bah (radi Allahu anhu) was the governor of Kufa on behalf of Hazrat Mu’awiyah (radi Allahu anhu). He wrote a letter to his governor asking him to send the supplication which the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) used to recite after prayer. So, he wrote and sent the mentioned supplication.

In the narration of Tabarani, these additional words are found:
(yuhyi wa yumit wa huwa hayyun la yamutu biyadihi al-khayr)
“He gives life and causes death. He is the Ever-Living who will never die, and in His hand is all good and blessing.”
(Fath al-Bari: 2/429)

It is the habit of Imam Bukhari (rahimahullah) that if a difficult word appears in a hadith, and a similar word is also found in the Qur’an, he refers to the statements of the commentators to explain the meaning of the Qur’anic word. At this place, he has clarified the word “jad” from Hasan al-Basri, that its meaning is “independence” (self-sufficiency), as in the Qur’an:
﴿وَأَنَّهُ تَعَالَىٰ جَدُّ رَبِّنَا﴾ (al-Jinn 72:3)
“And that the majesty of our Lord is exalted.”
In most narrations, this explanatory statement is not mentioned.
(Fath al-Bari: 2/430)

(2)
Hazrat Mu’adh bin Jabal (radi Allahu anhu) says that once the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) took my hand and said:
“O Mu’adh! By Allah, I love you.”
I said:
“I also love you.”
Then he said:
“So I advise you to never leave reciting this after every obligatory prayer:
‘Rabb a’inni ‘ala dhikrika wa shukrika wa husni ‘ibadatik’
‘O my Lord! Help me to remember You, to thank You, and to worship You in the best manner.’”
(Sunan al-Nasa’i, al-Salat, Hadith: 1304)

1505. Commentary: Where are the blessed supplications (awrad) of the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), and where are the self-invented litanies of ignorant Sufis? Truly, “Only a goldsmith knows the value of gold, or a jeweler knows the worth of a gem.” It is the unique honor of the people of hadith (ashab al-hadith) that they consider adopting every single action of the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) to be a source of felicity.

1342. Commentary:

➊ Reciting this remembrance after the prayer is recommended, because it contains pure monotheism (tawhid) and a declaration of Allah’s perfect power.

➋ It is permissible to write down a hadith and send it to someone, and for that person to narrate it further.

➌ The report of a single person is also a valid proof, provided he is trustworthy.

➍ “Against You” — meaning, if You wish to seize (someone), then neither his status nor his wealth can benefit or save him; or, with You, a wealthy person’s wealth does not benefit him at all.

Takhrij:
«أخرجه البخاري، الأذان، باب الذكر بعد الصلاة، حديث:844، ومسلم، المساجد، باب استحباب الذكر بعد الصلاة، حديث:593.»©

Explanation:
➊ The supplication transmitted in this hadith indicates that there is no deity except Allah alone, to whom one may turn for the fulfillment of needs and necessities. Everything in the world and whatever is in the heavens is His creation, and the creation is always in need of its Creator. He is All-Powerful; all authority to give or withhold anything, without any partner, rests solely in His hand of power. In His court, worldly status, grandeur, honor, and sovereignty cannot be effective or beneficial in the least except by His grace and mercy.

➋ It is recommended (mustahabb) to recite this supplication after completing the obligatory prayer (salah). It may also be recited after reciting the tashahhud, before concluding with salam—that is, it can also be recited within the prayer. And Allah knows best.

Benefit:
In this hadith, one of the supplications mentioned among the remembrances (adhkar) to be recited after the prayer is discussed. Every Muslim should memorize these supplications along with their translation so that they may be recited after the prayer. Furthermore, a very important matter of creed (‘aqidah) is also stated in this blessed supplication: that only Allah Ta‘ala is the true deity worthy of worship, He has no partner, He alone is the Sovereign of the entire universe, and all types of praise are for Him. He alone is capable of everything, He alone is the remover of difficulties, and He alone is the owner of benefit and harm. When the worshipper recites this supplication after every obligatory prayer, how strong will his creed become! It is unfortunate that Muslims do not have these supplications memorized, and even if someone has memorized them, he does not know their translation.