صحيح مسلم
Muslim
كتاب التفسيرThe Book of Commentary on the Qur'an
باب فِي نُزُولِ تَحْرِيمِ الْخَمْرِ:Chapter: Revelation Of The Prohibition On Khamr
Hadith 3032
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ ، حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُسْهِرٍ ، عَنْ أَبِي حَيَّانَ ، عَنْ الشَّعْبِيِّ ، عَنْ ابْنِ عُمَرَ ، قَالَ : خَطَبَ عُمَرُ عَلَى مِنْبَرِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَحَمِدَ اللَّهَ وَأَثْنَى عَلَيْهِ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : " أَمَّا بَعْدُ أَلَا وَإِنَّ الْخَمْرَ نَزَلَ تَحْرِيمُهَا يَوْمَ نَزَلَ ، وَهِيَ مِنْ خَمْسَةِ أَشْيَاءَ مِنَ الْحِنْطَةِ ، وَالشَّعِيرِ ، وَالتَّمْرِ ، وَالزَّبِيبِ ، وَالْعَسَلِ ، وَالْخَمْرُ مَا خَامَرَ الْعَقْلَ ، وَثَلَاثَةُ أَشْيَاءَ وَدِدْتُ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ عَهِدَ إِلَيْنَا فِيهَا الْجَدُّ ، وَالْكَلَالَةُ ، وَأَبْوَابٌ مِنْ أَبْوَابِ الرِّبَا " .
Ibn 'Umar reported that Umar delivered a sermon on the pulpit of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and he praised Allah and lauded Him and then said: Now coming to the point. Behold, when the command pertaining to the prohibition of wine was revealed, it was prepared from five things: from wheat, barley, date, grape, honey; and wine is that which clouds the intellect; and O people, I wish Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) could have explained to us in (more) detail the laws pertaining to the inheritance of the grandfather, about one who dies leaving no issue, and some of the problems pertaining to interest.
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وحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو كُرَيْبٍ ، أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ إِدْرِيسَ ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو حَيَّانَ ، عَنْ الشَّعْبِيِّ ، عَنْ ابْنِ عُمَرَ ، قَالَ : سَمِعْتُ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ عَلَى مِنْبَرِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، يَقُولَ : " أَمَّا بَعْدُ ، أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ ، فَإِنَّهُ نَزَلَ تَحْرِيمُ الْخَمْرِ وَهِيَ مِنْ خَمْسَةٍ ، مِنَ الْعِنَبِ ، وَالتَّمْرِ ، وَالْعَسَلِ ، وَالْحِنْطَةِ ، وَالشَّعِيرِ ، وَالْخَمْرُ مَا خَامَرَ الْعَقْلَ ، وَثَلَاثٌ أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ وَدِدْتُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ كَانَ عَهِدَ إِلَيْنَا فِيهِنَّ عَهْدًا نَنْتَهِي إِلَيْهِ ، الْجَدُّ ، وَالْكَلَالَةُ ، وَأَبْوَابٌ مِنْ أَبْوَابِ الرِّبَا " ،
Ibn 'Umar reported: I heard 'Umar bin Khattab delivering sermon on the pulpit ol Allah's messenger (ﷺ) and saying': Now, coming to the point, O people, there was revealed (the command pertaining to the prohibition of wine) and it was prepared (at that time) out of five things: grape, date, honey, wheat, barley, and wine is that which clouds the intellect, and, O people, I wish Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) had explained to us in greater detail three things: the inheritance of the grandfather, of one who dies without leaving any issue, and some of the problems of interest.
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وحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ ، حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ ابْنُ عُلَيَّةَ . ح وحَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ، أَخْبَرَنَا عِيسَى بْنُ يُونُسَ كِلَاهُمَا ، عَنْ أَبِي حَيَّانَ بِهَذَا الْإِسْنَادِ بِمِثْلِ حَدِيثِهِمَا ، غَيْرَ أَنَّ ابْنَ عُلَيَّةَ فِي حَدِيثِهِ الْعِنَبِ كَمَا ، قَالَ ابْنُ إِدْرِيسَ وَفِي حَدِيثِ عِيسَى الزَّبِيبِ كَمَا قَالَ ابْنُ مُسْهِرٍ .
This hadith has been transmitted on the same authority but with a slight variation of wording.
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Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Maulana Abdul Aziz Alvi
Hadith Commentary: Benefits and Issues: This hadith establishes that every beverage which impairs the intellect, or affects the mind, is khamr (intoxicant). Therefore, its use and buying and selling are unlawful, and it is impure and filthy. The details of this have already been discussed in the Book of Drinks (Kitab al-Ashribah). The details regarding the inheritance of the grandfather and kalalah have already been discussed in the Book of Inheritance (Kitab al-Fara'id). As for riba (usury/interest), there are two forms:
(1) Riba al-nasi’ah: usury on deferred payment. This has been mentioned in the Noble Qur’an, and thus there is no difference of opinion regarding its prohibition.
(2) Riba al-fadl: the exchange of the same kind of items with disparity in quantity or quality. The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) specified six types of items in this regard. Therefore, there is a difference of opinion regarding the underlying cause (‘illah) for these, and some people do not accept any underlying cause in this matter, hence there is disagreement about it.
Thus, it was the wish of Umar (radi Allahu anhu) that you (the Prophet, sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) would have explained the details of all three matters so that there would remain no room for disagreement in them.
(1) Riba al-nasi’ah: usury on deferred payment. This has been mentioned in the Noble Qur’an, and thus there is no difference of opinion regarding its prohibition.
(2) Riba al-fadl: the exchange of the same kind of items with disparity in quantity or quality. The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) specified six types of items in this regard. Therefore, there is a difference of opinion regarding the underlying cause (‘illah) for these, and some people do not accept any underlying cause in this matter, hence there is disagreement about it.
Thus, it was the wish of Umar (radi Allahu anhu) that you (the Prophet, sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) would have explained the details of all three matters so that there would remain no room for disagreement in them.
Source: Tuhfat al-Muslim: Commentary on Sahih Muslim, Page: 7559
