صحيح مسلم
Muslim
كتاب التفسيرThe Book of Commentary on the Qur'an
بَابٌ فِي تَفْسِيرِ آيَاتٍ مُّتَفَرِّقَةٍChapter: ….
Hadith 3017
حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو خَيْثَمَةَ زُهَيْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى ، وَاللَّفْظُ لِابْنِ الْمُثَنَّى ، قَالَا : حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ وَهُوَ ابْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ ، عَنْ قَيْسِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ ، عَنْ طَارِقِ بْنِ شِهَابٍ ، أَنَّ الْيَهُودَ ، قَالُوا لِعُمَرَ " إِنَّكُمْ تَقْرَءُونَ آيَةً لَوْ أُنْزِلَتْ فِينَا لَاتَّخَذْنَا ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمَ عِيدًا ، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ : إِنِّي لَأَعْلَمُ حَيْثُ أُنْزِلَتْ وَأَيَّ يَوْمٍ أُنْزِلَتْ ، وَأَيْنَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَيْثُ أُنْزِلَتْ ، أُنْزِلَتْ بِعَرَفَةَ وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَاقِفٌ بِعَرَفَةَ ، قَالَ سُفْيَانُ : أَشُكُّ كَانَ يَوْمَ جُمُعَةٍ أَمْ لَا يَعْنِي الْيَوْمَ أَكْمَلْتُ لَكُمْ دِينَكُمْ وَأَتْمَمْتُ عَلَيْكُمْ نِعْمَتِي سورة المائدة آية 3 " .
Tariq bin Shihab reported that a Jew said to'Umar (RA) : You recite a verse which, if it had been revealed in relation to us, we would have taken that day as the day of rejoicing. Thereupon 'Umar said: I know where it was revealed and on the day when it was revealed and where Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) had been at that time when it was revealed. It was revealed on the day of 'Arafa (ninth of Dhu'l Hijjah) and Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) had been staying in 'Arafat. Sufyan said: I doubt, whether it was Friday or not (and the verse referred to) is this: "Today I have perfected your religion for you and completed My favours upon you" (v. 4).
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حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ ، وَأَبُو كُرَيْبٍ وَاللَّفْظُ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ ، قَالَ : حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ قَيْسِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ ، عَنْ طَارِقِ بْنِ شِهَابٍ ، قَالَ : قَالَتْ الْيَهُودُ لِعُمَرَ " لَوْ عَلَيْنَا مَعْشَرَ يَهُودَ نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ الْيَوْمَ أَكْمَلْتُ لَكُمْ دِينَكُمْ وَأَتْمَمْتُ عَلَيْكُمْ نِعْمَتِي وَرَضِيتُ لَكُمُ الإِسْلامَ دِينًا سورة المائدة آية 3 نَعْلَمُ الْيَوْمَ الَّذِي أُنْزِلَتْ فِيهِ ، لَاتَّخَذْنَا ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمَ عِيدًا ، قَالَ : فَقَالَ عُمَرُ : فَقَدْ عَلِمْتُ الْيَوْمَ الَّذِي أُنْزِلَتْ فِيهِ ، وَالسَّاعَةَ وَأَيْنَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حِينَ نَزَلَتْ ، نَزَلَتْ لَيْلَةَ جَمْعٍ ، وَنَحْنُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِعَرَفَاتٍ " .
Tariq bin Shihab reported that a Jew said to 'Umar (RA) : If this verse were revealed in relation to the Jews (i. e. "This day I have perfected your religion for you and have completed My favours for you and have chosen for you al-Islam as religion") we would have taken the day of rejoicing on which this verse was revealed. Thereupon 'Umar said: I know the day on which it was revealed and the hour when it was revealed and where Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) had been when it was revealed. It was revealed on the night of Friday and we were in 'Arafat with Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) at that time.
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وحَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ ، أَخْبَرَنَا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ عَوْنٍ ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عُمَيْسٍ ، عَنْ قَيْسِ بْنِ مُسْلِمٍ ، عَنْ طَارِقِ بْنِ شِهَابٍ ، قَالَ : جَاءَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ الْيَهُودِ إِلَى عُمَرَ ، فَقَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ " آيَةٌ فِي كِتَابِكُمْ تَقْرَءُونَهَا لَوْ عَلَيْنَا نَزَلَتْ مَعْشَرَ الْيَهُودِ لَاتَّخَذْنَا ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمَ عِيدًا ، قَالَ : وَأَيُّ آيَةٍ ؟ ، قَالَ : الْيَوْمَ أَكْمَلْتُ لَكُمْ دِينَكُمْ وَأَتْمَمْتُ عَلَيْكُمْ نِعْمَتِي وَرَضِيتُ لَكُمُ الإِسْلامَ دِينًا سورة المائدة آية 3 ، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ : إِنِّي لَأَعْلَمُ الْيَوْمَ الَّذِي نَزَلَتْ فِيهِ ، وَالْمَكَانَ الَّذِي نَزَلَتْ فِيهِ ، نَزَلَتْ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِعَرَفَاتٍ فِي يَوْمِ جُمُعَةٍ " .
Tariq bin Shihab reported that a Jew came to 'Umar and said: Commander of the Faithful, there is a verse in your Book, which you recite. Had it been revealed in connection with the Jews, we would have taken it as the day of rejoicing. Thereupon he said: Which verse do you mean? He replied: "This day I have perfected your religion for you and I have completed My favours upon you and I have chosen al-Islam as religion for you." Umar said, I know the day when it was revealed and the place where it was revealed. It was revealed to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) at 'Arafat on Friday.
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Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Maulana Abdul Aziz Alvi
Hadith Commentary: Benefits and Issues: This blessed verse was revealed on the day of the two Eids, in the plain of Arafat. The Eid of the week, that is, Friday, was that day, and the annual Eid, the day of Arafah, and for Muslims, both of these are days of Eid. Because the day of Arafah is the forerunner of Eid al-Adha and is the largest gathering of Muslims, which takes place in the plain of Arafat on this very day, there is no need to designate a separate day as Eid on one’s own accord.
Some individuals, reasoning from this hadith, have written: (From this it is understood that to celebrate the day of a religious achievement as a day of happiness is permissible and established from the Companions, otherwise Hazrat Umar, Ibn Abbas radi Allahu anhum would have clearly stated that to commemorate any happy event and to celebrate that day as an Eid, we consider it an innovation (bid‘ah). From this it is proven that celebrating Mawlid (the Prophet’s birthday) is permissible, because it is a commemoration and gratitude for the greatest divine blessing.) (Khazain al-Irfan by Maulana Naeem Muradabadi, p. 171)
The question is: If commemorating a happy event and celebrating that day as an Eid was permissible in the view of the Companions, then why did they not commemorate the completion of the Qur’an every year, and why did they not establish a festival for it as an Eid? And do Muslims today celebrate the completion of the Qur’an on the ninth of Dhu al-Hijjah with gatherings and processions like Mawlid? Did the Companions celebrate the victory of Badr, declare the day of the conquest of Makkah as an Eid, or declare the day of the Prophet’s birth as an Eid for Mawlid? Did any of the four Imams indicate a third Eid, and did they establish chapters for it in their books as they did for the two Eids? Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha are appointed by Allah Ta‘ala, and likewise, the day of Arafah and Friday were already days of Eid, not after the completion of the Qur’an’s revelation.
Some individuals, reasoning from this hadith, have written: (From this it is understood that to celebrate the day of a religious achievement as a day of happiness is permissible and established from the Companions, otherwise Hazrat Umar, Ibn Abbas radi Allahu anhum would have clearly stated that to commemorate any happy event and to celebrate that day as an Eid, we consider it an innovation (bid‘ah). From this it is proven that celebrating Mawlid (the Prophet’s birthday) is permissible, because it is a commemoration and gratitude for the greatest divine blessing.) (Khazain al-Irfan by Maulana Naeem Muradabadi, p. 171)
The question is: If commemorating a happy event and celebrating that day as an Eid was permissible in the view of the Companions, then why did they not commemorate the completion of the Qur’an every year, and why did they not establish a festival for it as an Eid? And do Muslims today celebrate the completion of the Qur’an on the ninth of Dhu al-Hijjah with gatherings and processions like Mawlid? Did the Companions celebrate the victory of Badr, declare the day of the conquest of Makkah as an Eid, or declare the day of the Prophet’s birth as an Eid for Mawlid? Did any of the four Imams indicate a third Eid, and did they establish chapters for it in their books as they did for the two Eids? Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha are appointed by Allah Ta‘ala, and likewise, the day of Arafah and Friday were already days of Eid, not after the completion of the Qur’an’s revelation.
Source: Tuhfat al-Muslim: Commentary on Sahih Muslim, Page: 7525
