صحيح مسلم
Muslim
كتاب صفة القيامة والجنة والنارCharacteristics of the Day of Judgment, Paradise, and Hell
باب تَحْرِيشِ الشَّيْطَانِ وَبَعْثِهِ سَرَايَاهُ لِفِتْنَةِ النَّاسِ وَأَنَّ مَعَ كُلِّ إِنْسَانٍ قَرِينًا:Chapter: The Mischief Of The Shaitan And How He Sends His Troops To Tempt People, And With Every Person There Is A Qarin (Companion From Among The Jinn)
Hadith 2814
حَدَّثَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ ، وَإِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ ، قَالَ إِسْحَاقُ : أَخْبَرَنَا ، وقَالَ عُثْمَانُ : حَدَّثَنَا جَرِيرٌ ، عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ ، عَنْ سَالِمِ بْنِ أَبِي الْجَعْدِ ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ ، قَالَ : قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " مَا مِنْكُمْ مِنْ أَحَدٍ إِلَّا وَقَدْ وُكِّلَ بِهِ قَرِينُهُ مِنَ الْجِنِّ " ، قَالُوا : وَإِيَّاكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، قَالَ : " وَإِيَّايَ إِلَّا أَنَّ اللَّهَ أَعَانَنِي عَلَيْهِ ، فَأَسْلَمَ فَلَا يَأْمُرُنِي إِلَّا بِخَيْرٍ " ،
'Abdullah bin Mas'ud reported that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: There is none amongst you with whom is not an attached from amongst the jinn (devil). They (the Companions) said: Allah's Messenger, with you too? Thereupon he said: Yes, but Allah helps me against him and so I am safe from his hand and he does not command me but for good.
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حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ الْمُثَنَّى ، وَابْنُ بَشَّارٍ قَالَا : حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ يَعْنِيَانِ ابْنَ مَهْدِيٍّ ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ . ح وحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ ، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ آدَمَ عَنْ عَمَّارِ بْنِ رُزَيْقٍ كِلَاهُمَا ، عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ ، بِإِسْنَادِ جَرِيرٍ مِثْلَ حَدِيثِهِ ، غَيْرَ أَنَّ فِي حَدِيثِ سُفْيَانَ ، وَقَدْ وُكِّلَ بِهِ قَرِينُهُ مِنَ الْجِنِّ وَقَرِينُهُ مِنَ الْمَلَائِكَةِ .
This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Mansiir with the same chain of transmitters but with a slight variation of wording.
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Related hadith on this topic
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Maulana Abdul Aziz Alvi
Hadith Commentary: Benefits and Issues:
From this hadith, it is understood that every Muslim has a devil (shaytan) companion attached to him,
who tries to lead him astray from the right path and gives him bad advice.
Only the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam is protected from this;
he (the shaytan) gives you only good advice,
he does not dare to give bad advice.
If "aslamu" is taken as the first person present tense (from the verb "sami'a"), then the meaning will be:
"I remain protected."
If "aslama" is on the pattern of "akram" (past tense), then the meaning will be:
"He became obedient and submissive," and this too is not beyond Allah's power,
if he (the shaytan) becomes a Muslim and a believer.
In any case, we need to remain alert and cautious of the shaytan at all times;
he is always plotting.
From this hadith, it is understood that every Muslim has a devil (shaytan) companion attached to him,
who tries to lead him astray from the right path and gives him bad advice.
Only the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam is protected from this;
he (the shaytan) gives you only good advice,
he does not dare to give bad advice.
If "aslamu" is taken as the first person present tense (from the verb "sami'a"), then the meaning will be:
"I remain protected."
If "aslama" is on the pattern of "akram" (past tense), then the meaning will be:
"He became obedient and submissive," and this too is not beyond Allah's power,
if he (the shaytan) becomes a Muslim and a believer.
In any case, we need to remain alert and cautious of the shaytan at all times;
he is always plotting.
Source: Tuhfat al-Muslim: Commentary on Sahih Muslim, Page: 7108
Hafiz Zubair Ali Zai
Takhrij:
[صحيح مسلم 7108]
Fiqh al-Hadith:
➊ Two companions (qarin) have been appointed and imposed upon every human being: one companion is an angel who inspires good and virtuous thoughts into his heart, and the other companion is a jinn (a devil), who inspires evil and disobedient thoughts into his heart. The angel calls towards goodness, and the devil invites towards evil. Now, it is up to the person to choose whichever path he wishes to follow, but remember that the end of the one who walks the path of goodness is Paradise, and the end of the one who walks the path of evil is Hell.
➋ The Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) had dominance over his companion (qarin), therefore he would only encourage him towards goodness. The Ummah of Muhammad, the people of faith, by the grace and mercy of Allah, remain protected from the evil of the devil (qarin). The stronger a person's faith is, the more he will be protected from the evil and whisperings of the devil.
➌ In this hadith, the word «فأسلم» has been recited in two ways:
① «فَاَسْلَمُ» Thus, I am safe from him.
② «فَاَسْلَمَ» Thus, he has become a Muslim.
Both readings are correct, and both meanings are correct. The Prophet's (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) companion (qarin) had also become a Muslim, and he would only encourage him towards goodness.
➍ The word «ما» here is in the sense of generality; the noble Companions (radi Allahu anhum) understood it in a general sense, and the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) did not refute this generality. In the language, «ما و من» is considered for generality, and from generality, certain individuals can only be excluded when there is a clear evidence or an explicit contextual indicator.
➎ The jinn can influence human beings, with the permission of Allah.
[صحيح مسلم 7108]
Fiqh al-Hadith:
➊ Two companions (qarin) have been appointed and imposed upon every human being: one companion is an angel who inspires good and virtuous thoughts into his heart, and the other companion is a jinn (a devil), who inspires evil and disobedient thoughts into his heart. The angel calls towards goodness, and the devil invites towards evil. Now, it is up to the person to choose whichever path he wishes to follow, but remember that the end of the one who walks the path of goodness is Paradise, and the end of the one who walks the path of evil is Hell.
➋ The Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) had dominance over his companion (qarin), therefore he would only encourage him towards goodness. The Ummah of Muhammad, the people of faith, by the grace and mercy of Allah, remain protected from the evil of the devil (qarin). The stronger a person's faith is, the more he will be protected from the evil and whisperings of the devil.
➌ In this hadith, the word «فأسلم» has been recited in two ways:
① «فَاَسْلَمُ» Thus, I am safe from him.
② «فَاَسْلَمَ» Thus, he has become a Muslim.
Both readings are correct, and both meanings are correct. The Prophet's (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) companion (qarin) had also become a Muslim, and he would only encourage him towards goodness.
➍ The word «ما» here is in the sense of generality; the noble Companions (radi Allahu anhum) understood it in a general sense, and the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) did not refute this generality. In the language, «ما و من» is considered for generality, and from generality, certain individuals can only be excluded when there is a clear evidence or an explicit contextual indicator.
➎ The jinn can influence human beings, with the permission of Allah.
Source: Adwa al-Masabih fi Tahqiq Mishkat al-Masabih, Page: 67
