صحيح مسلم

Muslim

 كتاب التوبة

The Book of Repentance

 باب فَضْلِ دَوَامِ الذِّكْرِ وَالْفِكْرِ فِي أُمُورِ الآخِرَةِ وَالْمُرَاقَبَةِ وَجَوَازِ تَرْكِ ذَلِكَ فِي بَعْضِ الأَوْقَاتِ وَالاِشْتِغَالِ بِالدُّنْيَا:

Chapter: The Virtue Of Constant Dhikr, Thinking Of The Hereafter, And Remembering That Allah Is Always Watching; Permissibility Of Stopping That Sometimes, And Attending To Worldly Matters

Hadith 2750

حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى التَّيْمِيُّ ، وَقَطَنُ بْنُ نُسَيْرٍ وَاللَّفْظُ لِيَحْيَى ، أَخْبَرَنَا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ إِيَاسٍ الْجُرَيْرِيِّ ، عَنْ أَبِي عُثْمَانَ النَّهْدِيِّ ، عَنْ حَنْظَلَةَ الْأُسَيِّدِيِّ ، قَالَ : وَكَانَ مِنْ كُتَّابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، قَالَ : لَقِيَنِي أَبُو بَكْرٍ ، فَقَالَ : كَيْفَ أَنْتَ يَا حَنْظَلَةُ ؟ ، قَالَ : قُلْتُ : نَافَقَ حَنْظَلَةُ ، قَالَ : سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ مَا تَقُولُ ؟ ، قَالَ : قُلْتُ : نَكُونُ عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُذَكِّرُنَا بِالنَّارِ وَالْجَنَّةِ حَتَّى كَأَنَّا رَأْيُ عَيْنٍ ، فَإِذَا خَرَجْنَا مِنْ عِنْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَافَسْنَا الْأَزْوَاجَ وَالْأَوْلَادَ وَالضَّيْعَاتِ ، فَنَسِينَا كَثِيرًا ، قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : فَوَاللَّهِ إِنَّا لَنَلْقَى مِثْلَ هَذَا ، فَانْطَلَقْتُ أَنَا وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ حَتَّى دَخَلْنَا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، قُلْتُ : نَافَقَ حَنْظَلَةُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " وَمَا ذَاكَ ؟ " ، قُلْتُ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ نَكُونُ عِنْدَكَ تُذَكِّرُنَا بِالنَّارِ وَالْجَنَّةِ حَتَّى كَأَنَّا رَأْيُ عَيْنٍ ، فَإِذَا خَرَجْنَا مِنْ عِنْدِكَ عَافَسْنَا الْأَزْوَاجَ وَالْأَوْلَادَ وَالضَّيْعَاتِ نَسِينَا كَثِيرًا ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ : " وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ إِنْ لَوْ تَدُومُونَ عَلَى مَا تَكُونُونَ عِنْدِي ، وَفِي الذِّكْرِ لَصَافَحَتْكُمُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ عَلَى فُرُشِكُمْ وَفِي طُرُقِكُمْ ، وَلَكِنْ يَا حَنْظَلَةُ سَاعَةً وَسَاعَةً ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ " .
Hanzala Usayyidi, who was amongst the scribes of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) reported: I met Abu Bakr. He said: Who are you? He (Hanzala) said: Hanzala has turned to be a hypocrite. He (Abu Bakr) said: Hallowed be Allah, what are you saying? Thereupon he said: I say that when we are in the company of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) we ponder over Hell-Fire and Paradise as if we are seeing them with our very eyes and when we are away from Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) we attend to our wives, our children, our business; most of these things (pertaining to After-life) slip out of our minds. Abu Bakr (RA) said: By Allah, I also experience the same. So I and Abu Bakr (RA) went to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and said to him: Allah's Messenger, Hanzala has turned to be a hypocrite. Thereupon Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: What has happened to you? I said: Allah's Messenger, when we are in your company, we are reminded of Hell-Fire and Paradise as if we are seeing them with our own eyes, but whenever we go away from you and attend to our wives, children and business, much of these things go out of our minds. Thereupon Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) said: By Him in Whose Hand is my life, if your state of mind remains the same as it is in my presence and you are always busy in remembrance (of Allah), the Angels will shake hands with you in your beds and in your paths but, Hanzala, time should be devoted (to the worldly affairs) and time (should be devoted to prayer and meditation). He (the Holy Prophet) said this thrice.
Hadith Reference صحيح مسلم / كتاب التوبة / 2750
Hadith Grading محدثین: أحاديث صحيح مسلم كلها صحيحة
Hadith Takhrij «أحاديث صحيح مسلم كلها صحيحة»
• • •
حَدَّثَنِي إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الصَّمَدِ سَمِعْتُ أَبِي يُحَدِّثُ ، حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدٌ الْجُرَيْرِيُّ ، عَنْ أَبِي عُثْمَانَ النَّهْدِيِّ ، عَنْ حَنْظَلَةَ ، قَالَ : كُنَّا عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَوَعَظَنَا فَذَكَّرَ النَّارَ ، قَالَ : ثُمَّ جِئْتُ إِلَى الْبَيْتِ فَضَاحَكْتُ الصِّبْيَانَ وَلَاعَبْتُ الْمَرْأَةَ ، قَالَ : فَخَرَجْتُ ، فَلَقِيتُ أَبَا بَكْرٍ فَذَكَرْتُ ذَلِكَ لَهُ ، فَقَالَ : وَأَنَا قَدْ فَعَلْتُ مِثْلَ مَا تَذْكُرُ ، فَلَقِينَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَقُلْتُ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ، نَافَقَ حَنْظَلَةُ ، فَقَالَ : مَهْ فَحَدَّثْتُهُ بِالْحَدِيثِ ، فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ : وَأَنَا قَدْ فَعَلْتُ مِثْلَ مَا فَعَلَ ، فَقَالَ يَا حَنْظَلَةُ : " سَاعَةً وَسَاعَةً وَلَوْ كَانَتْ تَكُونُ قُلُوبُكُمْ كَمَا تَكُونُ عِنْدَ الذِّكْرِ لَصَافَحَتْكُمُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ حَتَّى تُسَلِّمَ عَلَيْكُمْ فِي الطُّرُقِ " ،
Hanzala reported: We were in the company of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and he delivered to us a sermon and made a mention of Hell-Fire. Then I came to my house and began to laugh with my children and sport with my wife. (Hanzala) further reported: I went out and met Abu Bakr (RA) and made a mention of that to him. Thereupon he said: I have done the same as you have mentioned. So we went to see Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and said to him: Allah's Messenger, Hanzala has turned to be a hypocrite. And he (the Holy Prophet) said show respite. And then I narrated to him the story, and Abu Bakr (RA) said: I have done the same as he has done. Thereupon he (the Holy Prophet) said: Hanzala, there is a time for worldly affairs and a time for worship and devotion, and if your state of mind is always the same as it is at the time of remembrance of Allah, the Angels would shake hands with you and would greet you on the path by saying: As-Salamu-Alaikum.
Hadith Reference صحيح مسلم / كتاب التوبة / 2750
Hadith Grading محدثین: أحاديث صحيح مسلم كلها صحيحة
Hadith Takhrij «أحاديث صحيح مسلم كلها صحيحة»
• • •
حَدَّثَنِي زُهَيْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا الْفَضْلُ بْنُ دُكَيْنٍ ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ ، عَنْ سَعِيدٍ الْجُرَيْرِيِّ ، عَنْ أَبِي عُثْمَانَ النَّهْدِيِّ ، عَنْ حَنْظَلَةَ التَّمِيمِيِّ الْأُسَيِّدِيِّ الْكَاتِبِ ، قَالَ : كُنَّا عِنْدَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَذَكَّرَنَا الْجَنَّةَ وَالنَّارَ فَذَكَرَ نَحْوَ حَدِيثِهِمَا .
Hanzala Taimi Ufayyidi, the scribe of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) , reported: We were in the presence of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and he brought to our minds the problems pertaining to Paradise and Hell-Fire. The rest of the hadith is the same.
Hadith Reference صحيح مسلم / كتاب التوبة / 2750
Hadith Grading محدثین: أحاديث صحيح مسلم كلها صحيحة
Hadith Takhrij «أحاديث صحيح مسلم كلها صحيحة»
• • •
Related hadith on this topic
Muslim: 6967 Tirmidhi: 2452 Tirmidhi: 2514 Ibn Majah: 4239
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Maulana Abdul Aziz Alvi
Hadith Commentary:
Vocabulary of the Hadith:
‘Aafasna:
We mingle,
become occupied,
al-dhiyā‘āt,
Plural of dhiy‘ah,
estate,
land or business.

Benefits and Issues:
The duty and task of the angels is to remain constantly engaged in remembrance and contemplation without any laziness or weakness, and the duty and task of Satan is to be constantly engaged in evil and corruption. As for humans, sometimes they are engaged in remembrance and contemplation, and at other times they spend time in fulfilling the necessities of life.
It is not possible for them to remain engaged in remembrance and contemplation at all times.
Therefore, not remaining in the same state and condition at all times
is not hypocrisy (nifaq).
Being occupied with the affairs of life is also a natural and innate demand for him.
Rather, keeping in view the divine instructions in the matters of life is also remembrance (dhikr).
However, while acquiring the means of livelihood, it is necessary to avoid disobedience to Allah.
Source: Tuhfat al-Muslim: Commentary on Sahih Muslim, Page: 6966
Tirmidhi — Hadith 2452
Hanzalah Asidi (may Allah be pleased with him) reports that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: "If your condition remained as it is in my presence, then the angels would shade you with their wings." 1. © Imam Tirmidhi says:
1- This hadith is Hasan Gharib through this chain,
2- This hadith is also narrated from Hanzalah Asidi from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) through other chains besides this one,
3- In this chapter, there is also a narration from Abu Hurairah (may Allah be pleased with him).
Shaykh Dr. Abdur Rahman Freywai
Explanation:
1:
From this hadith, it is understood that by sitting in the company of righteous people, fear of Allah is instilled in the hearts, the Hereafter is remembered, and the desire for the world diminishes.
Source: Sunan al-Tirmidhi – Majlis ‘Ilmi Dar al-Da‘wah, New Delhi Edition, Page: 2452
Tirmidhi — Hadith 2514
´Abu 'Uthman narrated from Hanzalah Al-Usaidi – and he was one of the scribes of the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w)- that he passed by Abu Bakr while he was crying, so he(Abu Bakr) said to him:` “What is wrong with you, O Hanzalah?” He replied: “Hanzalah has become a hypocrite O Abu Bakr! When we are with the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) we remember the Fire and Paradise as if we are looking at them with the naked eye. But when we return we busy ourselves with our wives and livelihood and we forget so much.” He(Abu Bakr) said: “By Allah! The same thing happens to me. Let us go to the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w).” (Hanzalah said:) “So he went." When the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) saw him, he said: “What is wrong with you O Hanzalah?” He said: “Hanzalah has become a hypocrite O Messenger of Allah! When we are with you we remember the Fire and Paradise as if we can see them with the naked eye. But when we return we are busy with our wives and livelihood, and we forget so much.” He said: “So the Messenger of Allah (s.a.w) said: 'If you were to abide in the state that you are in when you are with me, then the Angels would shake hands with you in your gatherings, and upon your bedding, and in your paths. But O Hanzalah! There is a time for this and a time for that.'” (Sahih)
Shaykh Dr. Abdur Rahman Freywai
Explanation:
1:
In this hadith, the asceticism, piety, and God-consciousness (taqwa) of the noble Companions (radi Allahu anhum) are mentioned.
It is understood from this that a person's state and condition are not always the same,
rather, they continue to change.
Therefore, whenever a person becomes heedless, he should engage abundantly in the remembrance of Allah,
and the state in which heedlessness overcomes him should not be considered as hypocrisy (nifaq),
because it is not possible for a person to always obligate himself to remain in the same state and condition.
Furthermore, it is also understood from this that even the faith (iman) of a single individual fluctuates from time to time, increasing and decreasing.

Note:
(For a corroborating narration (shahid) of this hadith, see: 2526)
Source: Sunan al-Tirmidhi – Majlis ‘Ilmi Dar al-Da‘wah, New Delhi Edition, Page: 2514
Ibn Majah — Hadith 4239
´It was narrated that Hanzalah Tamimi Al-Usaiyidi, the scribe, said:` “We were with the Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) and we spoke of Paradise and Hell until it was as if we could see them. Then I got up and went to my family and children, and I laughed and played (with them). Then I remembered how we had been, and I went out and met Abu Bakr, and said: ‘I have become a hypocrite!’ Abu Bakr said: ‘We all do that.’” So Hanzalah went and mentioned that to the Prophet (ﷺ), who said: “O Hanzalah, if you were (always) as you are with me, the angels would shake hands with you in your beds and in your streets. O Hanzalah, there is a time for this and a time for that.”
Maulana Ataullah Sajid
Benefits and Issues:
➊ The noble Companions (radi Allahu anhum ajma'in) were extremely cautious regarding their faith and the states of their hearts, and they feared that due to some unintentional mistake, their ranks might be diminished.

➋ The states of the heart continue to change.

➌ Fulfilling the rights of one's wife and children, and being engaged in worldly matters within the bounds of the Shari'ah, is something that is legislatively required.

➍ Man has been declared superior to the angels (in certain respects). The reason for this is that man is surrounded by such circumstances that distract him from Allah, yet despite this, he remembers Allah and worships Him.
Source: Commentary on Sunan Ibn Mājah by Mawlānā ‘Atā’ullāh Sājid, Page: 4239
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