Muslim

Hadith Commentary: Benefits and Issues: When Allah, the Exalted, loves one of His righteous and pious servants, He instills love for him among the inhabitants of the heavens as well, and among the people of the earth, Allah’s righteous and devout servants also love him. Even if ordinary people and the wicked drive him away from their doors, this is not contrary to the hadith of "Rubba Ash‘ath Aghbar" (the disheveled, dusty one), because "like attracts like." The same applies to hatred: Allah’s love and hatred are befitting His attribute of Creator, and the love and hatred of the creation are according to their own status. There is no need for interpretation (ta’wil) that Allah’s love means intending good, guidance, favor, beneficence, and mercy for someone, and that hatred means intending to punish or deprive someone of guidance. Allah’s mercy and hatred are according to His majesty; knowing their exact nature (kayfiyyah) is not possible for us.

Hadith Commentary:
In Isma'il's narration, there is an addition that when Allah is hostile to a servant, He manifests this to Jibril (alayhis salam), then Jibril (alayhis salam) and all the angels become hostile to him, until evil spreads for him upon the face of the earth.

From this hadith, it is established that there is sound and calling in Allah's action, and this refutes those who claim that there is neither sound nor letter in Allah's speech.

Hadith Commentary:
➊
The second part of this narration is that when Allah, the Exalted, harbors enmity towards a servant, He calls out to Jibril (alayhis salam) and says, "I have enmity towards such-and-such person, so you also have enmity towards him." Thus, Jibril (alayhis salam) becomes hostile towards him.
Then Jibril (alayhis salam) announces among all the inhabitants of the heavens that Allah, the Exalted, has enmity towards such-and-such person, so you all should also have enmity towards him. Consequently, all the inhabitants of the heavens harbor enmity towards him.
Then this hatred and enmity is also placed for him upon the earth.
(‘Umdat al-Qari: 10/573)

➋
From this it is understood that the person for whom there is hatred in the hearts of people is also detested in the sight of Allah.

➌
In this hadith, the "inhabitants of the heavens" refers to the angels who are engaged in worship of Allah, the Exalted, in His presence.

➍
Imam Bukhari (rahimahullah) has established from this hadith the existence of angels—that they are a creation of Allah and their abode is in the heavens.

Hadith Commentary:

Here, only the word "call" (nidā) is mentioned; therefore, even that interpretation cannot be applied which the Mu'tazilah and others have made—that Allah, in speaking to Musa (alayhis salam), created the power of speech within the tree. Thus, the doctrine of those people is invalid who say that there is no letter or sound in Allah's speech; as if, according to them, God is mute.
Astaghfirullah, and we seek refuge with Allah from such absurdities.

In the narration, the mention is of general love for those accepted by Allah, but this love is created only in the hearts of Allah's servants.
Wretched ones like Abu Jahl and Abu Lahab still remain deprived.

Hadith Commentary:
(1)
The love that people of the earth have in their hearts for a servant is created by Allah Ta’ala Himself in the hearts of His servants. Wretched individuals like Abu Jahl and Abu Lahab are deprived of this kind of love.

(2)
In any case, the love for a person in the hearts of people is a sign of the love of Allah Ta’ala and His close angels. The statement of Allah Ta’ala is:
“Indeed, those who have believed and done righteous deeds – the Most Merciful will appoint for them affection (in the hearts of people).” ()
In one narration it is stated:
“When Allah Ta’ala dislikes someone, He calls Jibril (alayhis salam) and says: ‘I dislike so-and-so, so you also dislike him.’ Jibril (alayhis salam) also dislikes him. Then a call is made among the inhabitants of the heavens, so the inhabitants of the heavens also show enmity towards him. Then hatred for him is placed among the people of the earth.” (Sahih Muslim, al-Birr wa al-Silah, Hadith: 6705(2637))

(3)
Hafiz Ibn Hajar rahimahullah writes:
There are three types of love:
One is divine (ilahi), the second is spiritual (ruhāni), and the third is natural (tabi‘i).
Allah Ta’ala’s love for His servant is divine love; the love of Jibril (alayhis salam) and the angels for him is spiritual love; and the love of Allah’s servants for him is natural love.
(Fath al-Bari: 10/568)

Hadith Commentary:
His reverence and love settle into the hearts of all.
This refers exclusively to the pure monotheists who are followers of the Prophetic Sunnah; these are the ones who, in other words, are called the friends (awliya) of Allah, not the sinners, transgressors, or innovators—for they are, in fact, enemies of Allah and His Messenger.

Hadith Commentary:
➊ After establishing the reality and nature of the Divine Speech, Imam Bukhari rahimahullah now mentions its types and categories. One type is Allah ta'ala speaking to His creation, which is discussed under this heading. Thus, in this hadith it is stated: "Allah ta'ala speaks to Jibril alayhis salam, saying that He loves such-and-such person."

➋ It should be clear that there are several reasons for Allah ta'ala's love for a servant: among them is repentance (tawbah) and seeking forgiveness (istighfar); likewise, remaining pure from outward and inward impurities is also a cause for Allah ta'ala's love for a servant. In addition, standing firm before the enemies of Islam and being diligent in performing many voluntary acts of worship (nawafil) are also among the causes of Allah ta'ala's love.

In any case, Allah ta'ala speaks whenever He wills, to whomever He wills, and in whatever manner He wills.

In this hadith, it is established that Allah ta'ala calls out to Jibril alayhis salam.

And "calling out" (nida) refers to addressing in a loud voice.

From these very words, the heading is established.

And Allah knows best.

Explanation:
1:
There is no doubt that those who believe and do righteous deeds, Allah will create love for them (in the hearts of people) (Maryam: 96)