حَدَّثَنَا
يَحْيَي بْنُ يَحْيَي ، أَخْبَرَنَا
خَالِدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ، عَنْ
عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ ، عَنْ
عَبْدِ اللَّهِ مَوْلَى أَسْمَاءَ بِنْتِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ، وَكَانَ خَالَ وَلَدِ عَطَاءٍ ، قال : أَرْسَلَتْنِي
أَسْمَاءُ إِلَى عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ ، فَقَالَتْ : بَلَغَنِي أَنَّكَ تُحَرِّمُ أَشْيَاءَ ثَلَاثَةً الْعَلَمَ فِي الثَّوْبِ ، وَمِيثَرَةَ الْأُرْجُوَانِ ، وَصَوْمَ رَجَبٍ كُلِّهِ ، فَقَالَ لِي
عَبْدُ اللَّهِ : أَمَّا مَا ذَكَرْتَ مِنْ رَجَبٍ فَكَيْفَ بِمَنْ يَصُومُ الْأَبَدَ ؟ وَأَمَّا مَا ذَكَرْتَ مِنَ الْعَلَمِ فِي الثَّوْبِ ، فَإِنِّي سَمِعْتُ
عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ ، يقول : سمعت رسول اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ : " إِنَّمَا يَلْبَسُ الْحَرِيرَ مَنْ لَا خَلَاقَ لَهُ " ، فَخِفْتُ أَنْ يَكُونَ الْعَلَمُ مِنْهُ ، وَأَمَّا مِيثَرَةُ الْأُرْجُوَانِ فَهَذِهِ مِيثَرَةُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ، فَإِذَا هِيَ أُرْجُوَانٌ ، فَرَجَعْتُ إِلَى أَسْمَاءَ فَخَبَّرْتُهَا ، فَقَالَتْ : هَذِهِ جُبَّةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ، فَأَخْرَجَتْ إِلَيَّ جُبَّةَ طَيَالِسَةٍ كِسْرَوَانِيَّةٍ لَهَا لِبْنَةُ دِيبَاجٍ ، وَفَرْجَيْهَا مَكْفُوفَيْنِ بِالدِّيبَاجِ فَقَالَتْ : هَذِهِ كَانَتْ عِنْدَ عَائِشَةَ ، حَتَّى قُبِضَتْ ، فَلَمَّا قُبِضَتْ قَبَضْتُهَا ، وَكَانَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَلْبَسُهَا فَنَحْنُ نَغْسِلُهَا لِلْمَرْضَى يُسْتَشْفَى بِهَا .
Abdullah. the freed slave of Asma' (the daughter of Abu Bakr). the maternal uncle of the son of 'Ata, reported: Asma' sent me to 'Abdullah bin 'Umar saying: The news has reached me that you prohibit the use of three things: the striped robe. saddle cloth made of red silk. and the fasting in the holy month of Rajab. 'Abdullah said to me: So far as what you say about fasting in the month of Rajab, how about one who observes continuous fasting? -and so far as what you say about the striped garment, I heard Umar bin Khatab say that he had heard from Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) : He who wears silk garment has no share for him (in the Hereafter), and I am afraid it may not be that striped garment; and so far as the red saddle clotb is concerned that is the saddle cloth of'Abdullah and it is red. I went back to Asma' and informed her. whereupon she said: Here is the cloak of Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) . and she brought out to me that cloak made of Persian cloth with a hem of brocade, and its sleeves bordered with brocade and said: This wall Allah's Messenger's cloak with 'A'isha until she died, and when she died. I got possession of it. The Apostle of Allah (ﷺ) used to wear that, and we waslied it for the sick and sought cure thereby.
• • •
Khalifa bin Ka'b AbCi Dhubyan reported: I heard 'Abdullah bin Zubair addressing the people and saying: Behold! do not dress yuor women with silk clothes for I heard 'Umar bin Khattab as sayinp that he had heard Allah's messenger (ﷺ) as saying: Do not wear silk, for one who wear it in this world will not wear it in the Hereafter.
• • •
حَدَّثَنَا
أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ يُونُسَ ، حَدَّثَنَا
زُهَيْرٌ ، حَدَّثَنَا
عَاصِمٌ الْأَحْوَلُ ، عَنْ
أَبِي عُثْمَانَ ، قال : كَتَبَ إِلَيْنَا
عُمَرُ وَنَحْنُ بِأَذْرَبِيجَانَ ، يَا عُتْبَةُ بْنَ فَرْقَدٍ ، إِنَّهُ لَيْسَ مِنْ كَدِّكَ وَلَا مِنْ كَدِّ أَبِيكَ وَلَا مِنْ كَدِّ أُمِّكَ ، فَأَشْبِعِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ فِي رِحَالِهِمْ مِمَّا تَشْبَعُ مِنْهُ فِي رَحْلِكَ ، وَإِيَّاكُمْ وَالتَّنَعُّمَ وَزِيَّ أَهْلِ الشِّرْكِ وَلَبُوسَ الْحَرِيرَ ، فَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ " نَهَى عَنْ لَبُوسِ الْحَرِيرِ ، قَالَ : إِلَّا هَكَذَا وَرَفَعَ لَنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِصْبَعَيْهِ الْوُسْطَى وَالسَّبَّابَةَ وَضَمَّهُمَا " ، قَالَ زُهَيْرٌ : قَالَ عَاصِمٌ : هَذَا فِي الْكِتَابِ ، قَالَ : وَرَفَعَ زُهَيْرٌ إِصْبَعَيْهِ .
'Asim al-Abwal reported on the authority Abu 'Uthman saying: 'Umar wrote to us when we were in Adharba'ijan saying: 'Utba bin Farqad, this wealth is neither the result of your own labour nor the result of the labour of your father, nor the result of the labour of your mother, so feed Muslims at their own places as you feed (members of your family and yourselves at your own residence), and beware of the life of pleasure, and the dress of the polytheists and wearing of silk garments, for Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) forbade the wearing of silk garments, but only this much, and Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) raised his. forefinger and middle finger and he joined. them (to indicate that only this much silk can be allowed in the dress of a man). 'Asim said also: This is what is recorded in the lette., (sent to us), and Zuhair raised his two fingers (to give an idea of the extent to which silk may be used).
• • •
This hadith has been transmitted on the authority of 'Asim.
• • •
Abu 'Uthman reported: While we were with 'Utba bin Farqad there came a letter of 'Umar (containing the instructions) that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) had said: None should wear silk (with the exception of so much) but he will have nothing of it in the Hereafter. Abu 'Uthman said: To the extent of two fingers which are close to the thumb, and I was shown the (silk) borders of the Tayalisa mantle (which were about two fingers in breadth and I saw them.
• • •
The previous hadith is narrated likewise through another chain of transmitters.
• • •
Qatada reported: I heard Abe 'Uthman al-Nahdi as saying: There came to us a letter of 'Umar as we were in Adharba'ijan or in Syria in the company of 'Utba bin Farqad (and the letter ran thus): After (usual praise and glorification of Allah) it is stated that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) has forbidden the use of silk btit to the extent of these two fingers, and Abu 'Uthman said: We at once understood by these words that he meant (silk) patterns on (the cloth).
• • •
This hadith has been reported on the authority of Qatada but there is no mention of the words of Abu 'Uthman.
• • •
Suwaid bin Ghafala said: 'Umar addressed us at a place known as Jabiya (Syria) and he said: Allah's Apostle (ﷺ) forbade us the wearing of silk but to the extent of two or three fingers or four fingers.
• • •
This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Qatada with the same chain of transmitters.
• • •
Explanation & Benefits
Shaykh Maulana Abdul Aziz Alvi
Hadith Commentary:
Vocabulary of the Hadith:
(1)
al-‘ilm fi al-thawb:
Embroidery or patterns on the garment,
floral designs.
(2)
arjawan:
A very deep red color,
if the cushion is of red silk, then it is not permissible,
a red cushion other than silk is permissible.
(3)
kayfa biman yasumu al-abad:
How can this statement be made
by one who fasts perpetually except on prohibited days.
(4)
khiftu an yakuna al-‘ilm minhu:
I fear that the silk embroidery may be considered as having the same ruling as silk itself.
(5)
tiyalasah:
Plural of taylasan,
a special garment of kings and chiefs.
(6)
kisrawaniyyah:
Attributed to Kisra (Chosroes), the king of Persia.
(7)
labnah:
Embroidery on the collar.
(8)
furuj al-jubbah:
The hem of the jubba (outer garment).
(9)
kharjan:
The front and back slit.
al-makfuf:
Sewn,
collar,
sleeves, and hem with silk embroidery,
provided it does not exceed four fingers in width,
it is permissible.
Benefits and Issues:
Asma’ radi Allahu anha showed the jubba of the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam,
so that it could be known
that embroidery of silk is not considered to have the same ruling as pure silk.
Source: Tuhfat al-Muslim: Commentary on Sahih Muslim, Page: 5409