Muslim

Hadith Glossary:
(1)
Shārif (pl. Sharif):
An aged she-camel.
(2)
Qaynah:
A female singer,
a slave-girl who sings.
(3)
al-Niwā’:
Plural of Nāwiyah; fat.
(4)
lil-shuruf al-niwā’: Fat,
obese,
aged she-camels.
(5)
Thāra ilayhā:
He rushed upon them.
(6)
Jabba:
He cut.
(7)
Asnimah:
Plural of sanam; humps.
(8)
Baqara:
He slaughtered,
he ripped open.
(9)
Khawāsir:
Plural of khāsirah,
the flank.
(10)
Akbād, kabid:
Liver,
liver (organ).
(11)
Afza‘anī:
He put me in distress and trouble.

Hadith Commentary:
At that time, the prohibition of alcohol had not yet been revealed.
Amir Hamzah (radi Allahu anhu) did this act while in a state of intoxication, and whatever he said, he said in that state.
In another narration, it is mentioned that after Hamzah's (radi Allahu anhu) intoxication subsided, the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) had the price of the she-camels paid to Ali (radi Allahu anhu).
The narration mentions that Ali (radi Allahu anhu) received a share from the spoils of Badr.
This is the reason for the relevance between the chapter and the hadith.

Hadith Commentary:
➊
In this narration, the Battle of Badr is mentioned, where the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) gave Ali (radi Allahu anhu) a young she-camel from the spoils of Badr.

➋
Whatever Hamza (radi Allahu anhu) did and said, he did and said in a state of intoxication. Up to that time, wine had not yet been prohibited, as is mentioned in a narration that this incident occurred before the prohibition of wine.
(Sahih al-Bukhari, al-Musaqat, Hadith: 2375)
The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), after Hamza (radi Allahu anhu) became sober, had him pay the value of those she-camels to Ali (radi Allahu anhu).

➌
From this hadith, it is also understood that the wedding of Sayyida Fatimah (radi Allahu anha) took place after the Battle of Badr.

Hadith Commentary: The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) began to walk while draped in a cloak at the house of Hamzah (radi Allahu anhu); this corresponds to the chapter heading. The detailed narration has already been mentioned in several places.

Hadith Commentary:
This is a lengthy hadith which Imam Bukhari rahimahullah has narrated in an abridged form. Hazrat Hamzah radi Allahu anhu consumed alcohol before its prohibition, and then, in a state of intoxication, slaughtered two she-camels belonging to Hazrat Ali radi Allahu anhu. Hazrat Ali radi Allahu anhu complained to the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam, so he, wearing a cloak, went to Hazrat Hamzah radi Allahu anhu in order to compensate Hazrat Ali radi Allahu anhu for his loss. However, at that time Hazrat Hamzah radi Allahu anhu was heavily intoxicated, so the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam returned. Imam Bukhari rahimahullah has established from this hadith only the wearing of a cloak by the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wa sallam. In addition to this, the wearing of a cloak is mentioned in numerous other ahadith as well.

Hadith Commentary:
The reason the Imam has brought this lengthy hadith here is that it mentions that Ali (radi Allahu anhu) received a young she-camel from the fifth (khums) of the spoils of war.
This she-camel was from the wealth acquired by the army under the command of Abdullah bin Jahsh (radi Allahu anhu).
This incident took place two months before the Battle of Badr.
At that time, the ruling regarding the fifth (khums) had not yet been revealed.
However, Abdullah bin Jahsh (radi Allahu anhu) divided four shares among the army and, by his own judgment, set aside the fifth share for the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam).
Later, the same ruling was revealed in the Noble Qur’an.
In another narration, it is mentioned that at that time, Hamza (radi Allahu anhu) had a singing woman with him, who, during her singing, encouraged Hamza (radi Allahu anhu) to make kebabs from the livers of those young she-camels and eat them. Upon this, in a state of intoxication, he stood up and slaughtered the she-camels, taking out their livers.
Ali (radi Allahu anhu) was rightly aggrieved, but respect was also necessary, so he suppressed his anger and presented himself in the court of the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam).
The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) himself went to inspect the circumstances of the case.
At that time, Hamza (radi Allahu anhu) was completely intoxicated.
Alcohol had not yet been declared unlawful at that time, and in his intoxicated state, disrespectful words came from Hamza’s (radi Allahu anhu) mouth.
In the narration of Ibn Abi Shaybah, it is mentioned that after Hamza (radi Allahu anhu) regained his senses, the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) had Ali (radi Allahu anhu) compensated for those she-camels.

Hadith Commentary:
➊
At the beginning of the Madinan period, wine had not yet been prohibited, so the Muslims used to consume it.
After the Battle of Uhud, Allah the Exalted revealed the definitive rulings regarding its prohibition.
Some inappropriate words were uttered by Hazrat Hamzah (radi Allahu anhu) in a state of intoxication, so the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) did not take any notice of it.
However, financial compensation for the camels that were killed was necessary.
The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) made Hazrat Ali (radi Allahu anhu) obtain the compensation.
Accordingly, Hafiz Ibn Hajar (rahimahullah) has written, referencing Musannaf Ibn Shaybah (rahimahullah), that after Hazrat Hamzah (radi Allahu anhu) regained consciousness, the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) made Hazrat Ali (radi Allahu anhu) collect compensation for the killed camels from Hazrat Hamzah (radi Allahu anhu).
(Fath al-Bari: 6/241)

➋
Imam Bukhari (rahimahullah) has mentioned this lengthy hadith because it contains mention of Hazrat Ali (radi Allahu anhu) being given a young she-camel from the khums (one-fifth share) of the spoils of war.

➌
It should be noted that the verse of khums was revealed regarding the spoils of Badr, so the spoils of war were distributed among the warriors.
From this, one she-camel was given to Hazrat Ali (radi Allahu anhu), and the other she-camel was given to him by the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) from the wealth of khums, which he had received from the spoils of war.
And Allah knows best.

Hadith Commentary:
In this hadith as well, goldsmiths are mentioned.
From this, it is established that this profession existed during the era of the Messenger (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), and it is also proven that there should be no hesitation in seeking lawful (halal) sustenance.
Just as Ali (radi Allahu anhu) himself went to the forest, gathered izkhar grass, and sold it. It is also understood from this that the wedding feast (walimah) is hosted by the groom.
Banu Qaynuqa was the name of a Jewish clan in Madinah.
Ali ibn Husayn's name is Imam Zayn al-Abidin, who was the son of Husayn (radi Allahu anhu) and the grandson of Ali (radi Allahu anhu).
His kunyah was Abu al-Hasan.
He was among the eminent Sayyids.
Among the Tabi‘in, he was of great stature and renowned.
Imam Zuhri said that among the Quraysh, I did not find anyone better than him.
He passed away in 94 AH.
Some people have objected that Imam Bukhari rahimahullah did not narrate from the Imams of the Twelve (A’immah Ithna ‘Ashar).
In response to these objectors, this narration from Imam Zayn al-Abidin is present, who holds a great rank among the A’immah Ithna ‘Ashar.

Hadith Commentary:
Vocabulary of the Hadith:
(1)
Sharib:
Plural of "sharib" (drinker),
Refers to a group of drinkers (drinking party).
(2)
Yaqahqir:
To turn back on one's heels, and "nakasa 'ala 'aqibayhi" has the same meaning.
(3)
Thamil:
One afflicted with intoxication,
An addict.
(4)
Aqtāb:
Qatab (saddle pad).
(5)
Gharā’ir:
Ghararah (large sacks).

Benefits and Issues:
Several points are established from this hadith:
(1)
A person may earn a living by working and selling cut grass, and may take assistance from a disbeliever in any work.
(2)
In a state of intoxication, a person is unaware of what he is saying, to whom he is saying it, and whether he should say it or not.
(3)
The oppressed may narrate his story, and his plea should be attended to.
(4)
A person may remove his upper garment at home, but if he has to go somewhere, he should go in complete attire.
(5)
Even a prominent person must seek permission before entering someone’s house, and the permission should be for all those accompanying him.
(6)
When a person witnesses a distressing scene, he may shed tears over it.
(7)
When a person drinks alcohol, he becomes so intoxicated that he harms others and loses the distinction between young and old; for this reason, alcohol has been declared unlawful (haram).
(8)
A person should protect himself in times of danger; the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) turned back on his heels instead of simply turning around, lest Hamzah, intoxicated with wine, might commit some wrongful act.

Benefits and Issues:
➊
This incident took place before the prohibition of alcohol was revealed.
And the lyrics of that singing woman were as follows:
Translation:
O Hamzah, get up.
And these fat she-camels that are tied up in the field,
Place a knife on their throats,
And make them flow with blood.
And serve their excellent meat, whether cooked or roasted, to your companions who drink wine.
The purpose of these verses was to incite Hamzah’s spirit of generosity in an improper way.
Hamzah, at her instigation, destroyed his nephew’s wealth, which consisted of camels.

➋
Members of the Ahl al-Bayt used to receive a share of the spoils of war (ghanimah) from jihad.
And the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) would, as needed, grant them additional gifts from the khums (one-fifth share).

➌
The noble Companions (radi Allahu anhum ajma‘in) and the family members of the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) used to fulfill their expenses through hard work and labor.

➍
If a person, for some reason, is deprived of intellect and awareness, then in that specific state, admonition is not beneficial.
Rather, it is better to stay away from him in such a condition.

Takhrij al-Hadith:
This narration is found in five places in Sahih al-Bukhari:
[2089، 2375، 3091، 4003، 5793 مختصراً ومطولاً]
Apart from Sahih al-Bukhari, this narration is also found in the following books:
Sahih Muslim [1979 وترقيم دارالسلام : 5127۔ 5130]
Sahih Ibn Hibban [الاحسان 7؍34 ح4519 دوسرا نسخه : 4536]
Sahih Abi Awanah [5؍248، 249، 250، 251، 252]
And Sunan Abi Dawud [2986]
And al-Sunan al-Kubra by al-Bayhaqi [6؍153، 341، 342]
And Musnad Abi Ya'la [547]
Before Imam al-Bukhari rahimahullah, this hadith was narrated by Imam Ahmad rahimahullah. See:
Musnad Ahmad ibn Hanbal [1؍142 ح1200]
From this detail, it is clear that this narration is established as authentic and well-known.
A few important points regarding this matter are as follows:
➊ This incident took place after the Battle of Badr (2 AH) and before the Battle of Uhud (3 AH).
➋ The ruling on the prohibition of wine (khamr) was revealed in 6 AH or 7 AH. Before this, wine was not prohibited.
➌ In the era mentioned in this hadith, the singing of slave girls was not yet prohibited. It should be noted that in this narration, there is no mention of musical instruments, but only the singing (by voice) of the slave girl is mentioned. The prohibition of singing and playing instruments is established from other ahadith. For example, see: [صحيح بخاري : 5590]
Therefore, to use this narration as evidence for the permissibility of singing and playing instruments is abrogated.
➍ The occurrence of intoxication from some of the noble Companions radi Allahu anhum is also established. See: [صحيح بخاري : 6820 وصحيح مسلم : 1691]
➎ The noble Companions radi Allahu anhum are forgiven and are destined for Paradise.
❀ The Noble Prophet sallallahu alayhi wa sallam said:
«اطلع الله على أهل بدر فقال : اعملوا ما شئتم، فقد غفرت لكم»
“Allah manifested Himself to the participants of Badr and said: ‘Do whatever you wish, I have forgiven you.’” [مسند أحمد 2؍295 ح7940 وسنده حسن]
The action of our master Amir Hamzah al-Badri radi Allahu anhu was due to intoxication; Allah has forgiven him and admitted him to the highest Paradise (Jannat al-Firdaws). Therefore, the claim of the deniers of hadith that “the conduct of the Companions should be considered contrary to the Qur’an” is rejected, because this incident occurred before the prohibition of wine.

Hadith Commentary:
The events described in this hadith pertain to a time when the consumption of alcohol and listening to music had not yet been declared unlawful (haram) in Islam.
From the spoils of Badr, a young she-camel was allotted to Ali (radi Allahu anhu) as his share of the booty.
And another she-camel was graciously given to him by the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) from his own special share as an act of kinship.
Thus, he intended to make use of these camels:
He planned to gather *idhkhar* grass from the wilderness, load it onto the camels, and bring it to the market for sale,
so that he could collect some capital for the necessities of his impending marriage.
In this business, another Ansari brother and a goldsmith from Banu Qaynuqa were also to participate.
Ali (radi Allahu anhu), with these intentions, took both of his mounts and arrived at the house of this Ansari Muslim.
He tied both camels at the door.
Coincidentally, at that very house, Hamza (radi Allahu anhu) was at that time engrossed in drinking wine and listening to music.
When the singer saw these camels, noticed their plumpness and youth, and imagined their meat to be very delicious, she, in her intoxication, composed and sang the verse mentioned in the narration.
(The full couplet is as follows:)
Ala ya Hamza lil-sharafi al-nawa
wa hunna mu'aqqalatun bil-fina
Hamza! Get up, these plump camels belonging to Umar, which are tied in the courtyard, slaughter them, roast their meat, eat it, and feed us as well.
Hamza (radi Allahu anhu), overcome by intoxication, upon hearing the verse, immediately stood up with his sword and, in a state of unconsciousness, attacked both camels, cut out their livers, severed their humps, and brought the best parts of the meat for roasting.
When Ali (radi Allahu anhu) witnessed this heart-wrenching scene, out of respect for his esteemed uncle, he did not utter a word there, but went straight to the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam).
At that time, Zayd ibn Harithah (radi Allahu anhu) was also present.
He narrated the entire incident to the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) and explained his distress in detail.
Upon hearing this, the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), accompanied by Zayd ibn Harithah (radi Allahu anhu) and Ali (radi Allahu anhu), immediately set out to inspect the situation and reached Hamza (radi Allahu anhu), who was still intoxicated with wine and kebab.
The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) expressed his displeasure to Hamza (radi Allahu anhu), but Hamza, lost in his drunkenness, could not comprehend properly and, on the contrary, expressed his own displeasure,
uttering the words mentioned in the narration.
The author states that Hamza was intoxicated at that time,
so he was not sinful for saying such things. Secondly, his intent was to say: "I am the son of Abdul Muttalib," and the Prophet’s (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) noble father, Abdullah, and Ali’s (radi Allahu anhu) father, Abu Talib, were both sons of Abdul Muttalib, and a son is, in a sense, like a slave to his father.
Seeing these circumstances, the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) quietly returned.
At that moment, this was the most appropriate course of action.
Perhaps Hamza might have said something further.
In another narration, it is mentioned that after Hamza’s intoxication wore off, the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) had him pay Ali (radi Allahu anhu) the price of the camels.
The meaning of the phrase in the chapter heading is: "I will bring *idhkhar* grass loaded on them." *Idhkhar* is a fragrant grass.
(Wahidi)

Hadith Commentary:
(1)
"Idhkhir" is a specific type of fragrant grass, which is also used by goldsmiths.
Ali (radi Allahu anhu) intended to load idhkhir grass onto camels, take it to a goldsmith, sell it, and use the proceeds to hold a wedding feast (walimah) for his marriage.

(2)
Imam Bukhari (rahimahullah) has proven from this lengthy narration that cutting grass from the wilderness and selling it is permissible.
Idhkhir is a type of grass that no one can reserve exclusively for themselves, except if it is on their own property.
Anyone can benefit from it.
Whoever cuts it first becomes its owner.
In any case, selling firewood and grass, etc., is permissible.